Idrayivu yokuhlola i-Saab 96 V4 neVolvo PV 544: Izithandani zaseSweden

Okuningi kufana neSaab 96 entsha neVolvo PV 544 kufana nemoto endala

Ngaphandle kobunjwa bokuqala be-hull, i-denominator evamile yamamodeli amabili aseSweden enye ikhwalithi - idumela lemishini ethembekile nethembekile.

Kuqinisekisiwe ukuthi akekho ozodidanisa lawa mamodeli wakudala nabanye. Ngokubukeka, leli pheya laseSweden seliphenduke umlingiswa ovelele emlandweni wemboni yezimoto. Kuleli fomu kuphela ababengakwazi ukuhlala emakethe yezimoto amashumi eminyaka. Futhi ingxenye ehluke kakhulu yemizimba yabo - i-arch eyindilinga yophahla olutshekile - ifa kusukela ngesikhathi sokuvela kwalezi zinsalela zasenyakatho endaweni ethile enkathini ekude yama-40s.

Simeme emhlanganweni ikhophi yama-Classics amabili aseSweden, isimo sawo okwamanje esingahlukile. ISaab 96 ayibuyiswanga, yakhiqizwa ngo-1973, kuyilapho iVolvo PV 544 ingagcini ngokubuyiselwa ngokuphelele kodwa futhi yathuthukiswa emininingwaneni yayo ethile yomlando, ekopishwe kusukela ngo-1963. Njengomkhuba, noma kunjalo, zombili lezi zimoto ziyafana nokuba khona kwamamodeli anjalo. njengabantu abadala

IVolvo igqama njengemoto eshayelayo. Umnikazi wayo, oye wayigcina futhi wayishayela iminyaka engu-32, isibonelo, ufake injini yochungechunge lwe-20 hp B131 eguquliwe. Ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha, i-axle yangaphambili ifakwe amabhuleki ediski kanye ne-booster ye-Volvo Amazon - ukuguqulwa okusetshenziswa ngabamele abaningi be-"humped Volvo". Umbala ubuye uhambisane nokusporty kwemoto - iyiPV 544 Sport ejwayelekile ebomvu enombala ongunombolo 46 ngokuya ngeVolvo. Umnikazi wokuqala eDenmark wa-oda imoto emhlophe. Ngendlela, zonke izinguquko eziqhathaniswa nezimo zokuthenga zenziwa kuma-90s.

Idizayini yesitayela sama-30s yaseMelika

Abaphila ngesikhathi semodeli yama-50s nabo bajabule nge-serial Volvo. Ngisho nomnqobi we-Le Mans u-Paul Frere wayengumlandeli: “Angikaze ngibe nemoto yokukhiqiza enezimfanelo eziguqukayo ezingqubuzana ngokuphawulekayo nokubukeka kwayo phansi, ngisho nokubukeka kwayo kwakudala,” kubhala umshayeli nentatheli ehlolayo. ngo-1958 ku-auto motor kanye nezemidlalo. Ngenkathi ithuthukiswa maphakathi nawo-40s, umzimba weminyango emibili ufanelana ngokuphelele nokuthandwa kwangaleso sikhathi - uthonywe ukuhle kwemigqa eqondiwe, idizayini yaseMelika yabeka imfashini emhlabeni. Kodwa cishe ngokushesha ngemva kokuba amakhophi okuqala "e-Volvo ene-humpbacked" eshiye phansi ifektri e-Gothenburg, umugqa omusha, owenziwe lula "we-pontoon" waqala ukuvela.

Ekuqaleni, iVolvo yanamathela esimweni esinamaphiko achazwe kahle kanye nomhlane oyindilinga. Uma sibheka umsebenzi omude futhi ophumelelayo wochungechunge "olwemuva" - kusukela kwentsha yangaphambili kuya ezimotweni zamanje zamanje - lokhu kwenze imodeli okuhle kakhulu kunokulimala. Idizayini ye-retro yokuzikhethela yeqembu lika-Edward Lindbergh iyaqhubeka nokuvusa ukunaka nomuzwa.

Ngisho nemishini yezemidlalo yayifihlwe ngaphansi kwe-hood eyindilinga ezinguqulweni ezibiza kakhulu - inguqulo engu-1965-litre ene-1,8 hp yafinyelela esicongweni senjini ejwayelekile yama-cylinder amane ngo-95. - amandla afanayo njengalapho i-Porsche 356 sc. IVolvo igcina isithombe sezemidlalo semodeli yayo eneminyango emibili ngokubamba iqhaza emibuthanweni eminingi yaseYurophu. "Volvo Humpbacked" enenjini eshuniwe enamalitha amabili ikhombisa izici ezinamandla zemoto yesimanje. Ngokuphambene, isiteringi esikhulu, ibhande le-speedometer, i-long shift lever, kanye nokubuka kwe-bodywork yakudala nge-windshield ephansi kwenza ukwazi ukushayela okuyisisekelo.

Ulayini we-aerodynamic waseSweden

Njengoba abakhi bakwa-Volvo beqeda umdlalo wabo wesiko ngo-1965, 75km enyakatho ye-Gothenburg e-Trollhättan, onjiniyela bakwa-Saab basacabanga ukuthi banganweba kanjani impilo ye-96 yabo yakudala. Idizayini yesisekelo se-aerodynamic yathuthukiswa maphakathi nawo-40s. ngaleyo minyaka - ngu-Sixten Sasson, owabamba iqhaza eqenjini lokuklama, elihlanganisa abantu abangu-18, eliholwa nguGunnar Jungström.

Uhlobo lososesheni besikhathi esizayo kwakungeyona intela eyakhokhwa yiSaab ngaleso sikhathi somzimba, kepha kwakuwubufakazi bokuzethemba kukaSvenska Aeroplan Aktiebolag (SAAB) njengomkhiqizi wezindiza. Ekuqaleni, injini eyisilinda ezintathu enama-stroke amabili eyalingiswa ku-DKW enokufuduswa okungu-764 cm3 yayanele ngendima yedrayivu, okwathi ngo-1960 imodeli, ehlongozwayo ngo-96, yathola ububanzi besilinda obuningi nomthamo ka-841 cm3 , yanele i-hp engu-41. .s. Sekuyiminyaka eyisikhombisa iSaab incike kwi-valveless drive. Khona-ke ngisho nezicukuthwane eTrollhättan zaqaphela ukuthi injini yazo yokushaywa unhlangothi ezimbili yayisiphelelwe yisikhathi. Futhi ngokwethulwa kohlu olukhulu lwaphakathi nobubanzi, uSaab wakhetha ukushintsha injini yezomnotho esuka kwaFord.

Kusukela ngo-1967, iSweden ebukeka ingajwayelekile inikwe amandla yinjini engu-1,5 litre V4 evela kwaFord Taunus 12M TS. Iyunithi yamandla enamandla we-65 hp Ekuqaleni ithuthukiswe e-United States njengomncintiswano we-VW's-cylinder boxer Turtle, yathola ukusetshenziswa ku-Taunus 1962M ngo-12. Kodwa-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinjini ezinama-stroke amabili, injini efishane futhi esheshayo eshaya ngesifo sohlangothi ezine evela eCologne inokubi okukodwa: ingu-60 kg osindayo kunenjini eshaywa unhlangothi kabili ngakho-ke idala isimilo esingenabungozi emgwaqweni. Isistimu yokuqondisa inzima kakhulu ngejubane eliphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izihlalo ezithambile zinokuxhaswa okuncane kwe-lateral. Abaxhasi be-Saab babengesabi izinto ezinjalo, noma kunjalo, futhi i-96 V4 yahlala enkampanini yenkampani kwaze kwaba ngo-1980.

Izinhlamvu zoqobo

Uma siqhathanisa izikhathi zokukhiqiza, iSaab iphenduka umgijimi webanga elide kakhulu. Ngokulandelayo, iVolvo ikhombisa ukwakheka okuqinile okuthe xaxa. Futhi iyimoto enkudlwana, enenjini enamandla amakhulu, futhi okokugcina, ngenxa yesondo elingemuva, nayo inesimo se-sportier. Kodwa-ke, ukuqhathanisa okuqondile phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili akunakwenzeka, njengoba i-"humpback Volvo" ebomvu "ikude kakhulu nesimo sayo sangaphambilini ngesikhathi ithengwa. Kunoma ikuphi, bobabili abaseSweden banezinhlamvu zoqobo. Kulezi zinsuku, lapho zonke izimoto seziya ngokuya zifana, abantu baseScandinavia abanobuhlakani sebebukeka okusha. Kodwa-ke, akuyona eyokuqala kuphela ebanikeza indawo emlandweni wezimoto. Bazuze nodumo lwabo ngezingcezu eziningi zezinto zokuphepha ezingenzi lutho ezifana namabhande esihlalo ajwayelekile.

isiphetho

Umhleli uDirk Johe: Isimo sesikebhe esiqhubekela phambili sikhulumela iSaab. Lokhu akuvamile futhi akuvamile. Kodwa-ke, ngomuntu osebenza ngaphansi kanzima, imodeli edonsa ngamasondo angaphambili ayimnandi kangako ukushayela. Uma kuqhathaniswa naye, ummeleli weVolvo uthathwa njengonenhlonipho futhi uzuza uzwela lwami ngomlingiswa wezemidlalo, hhayi kakhulu ngenxa yesondo elingemuva.

Umlando omncane wezemidlalo: ukukhukhuleka njengecebo lokukhangisa

Kokubili iSaab neVolvo bathembele empumelelweni ekhaliphile yomjaho wezimoto. I-Rally iwumdlalo ojwayelekile wabantu basenyakatho.

■ Ukunqoba i-Monte Carlo Rally kuvame ukuba nomthelela omkhulu kunesicoco somqhudelwano. Umshayeli we-Saab u-Eric Carlson waze wazuza impumelelo emibili njengenkosi yayo yonke imibuthano - wawina imijaho kuma-stroke amabili e-Saab ngo-1962 nango-1963. Le mpumelelo iyimpumelelo enkulu yohlobo lwaseSweden emjahweni wezimoto; nokho, wehlulekile ukunqoba umqhudelwano wamazwe ngamazwe. Kodwa-ke, banemiqhudelwano eminingi kazwelonke kanye nokunqoba komuntu siqu kulo lonke elaseYurophu.

Ngisho nangemva kokushintshela ku-V4 enemivimbo emine, impumelelo ye-Saab 96 iyaqhubeka. Ngo-1968 uFinn Simo Lampinen wawina iRAC Rally eBritish Isles ngemoto enjalo. Eminyakeni emithathu kamuva, umSwidi oneminyaka engu-24 ubudala ngemuva kwesondo le-V96 engu-4, umpetha womhlaba wesikhathi esizayo uStig Blomkvist, wabiza ihlombe lomphakathi. Ngo-1973, "i-Master Blomkvist" yawina ukunqoba kwakhe kokuqala kweziyishumi nanye zeWorld Rally Championship ezweni lakubo.

Kuze kube ngo-1977, u-Saab oyindilinga oyisiyingi waqhudelana kwi-World Rally Championship. Kwabe sekushintshwa i-99 elula yesimanje.

■ IVolvo iwina iMiqhudelwano emibili yaseYurophu ngePV 544; ngaphambi kokusungulwa kweWorld Championship ngo-1973, kwakuwumncintiswano wezinga eliphezulu kakhulu we-rally. Kodwa-ke, izakhamizi zaseGothenburg azikwazanga ukunqoba iMonte Carlo Rally. Ngo-1962, lapho imbangi yakhe uSaab eqala ukunqoba umjaho waseMonte, uVolvo wakha uphiko lwezemidlalo lwenkampani. Umholi wayo umgijimi uGunnar Anderson, owathi ngo-1958 waba ngumpetha wase-Europe kwi "humpbacked Volvo" yakhe. Ngo-1963, uGoy wawina isicoco sakhe sesibili, kwathi ngemuva konyaka ozakwabo uTom Trana waletha indebe yesithathu yomqhudelwano.

Ngenxa yalokhu, iVolvo isivele iwakhiphile wonke ama-cartridges ayo ompetha, kepha isakwazi ukuzithwesa enye impumelelo ebalulekile: ngo-544, abashayeli bezindiza ezizimele bePV 1965 uYoginder noJaswant Singh, abafowethu ababili abadabuka eNdiya, banqoba. I-East African Safari Rally. Umjaho emigwaqeni emangelengele yase-Afrika ngaleso sikhathi wabhekwa njenge rally enzima kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Abukho ubufakazi obungcono bokuthembeka nokuqina kwemoto kunokuwina iSafari Rally.

Umbhalo: Dirk Johe

Isithombe: Ahim Hartmann