I-S-70i Black Hawk - kudayiswe ngaphezu kwekhulu
Umamukeli wokuqala we-S-70i Black Hawk ekhiqizwe e-Mielec kwakunguMnyango Wezindaba Zangaphakathi wase-Saudi Arabia, owa-oda okungenani amakhophi amathathu alawa ma-rotorcraft.
Inkontileka esayinwe ngoFebhuwari 22 phakathi koMnyango Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke waseRiphabhulikhi yasePhilippines kanye nePolskie Zakłady Lotniczy Sp. z o. o. kusuka ku-Mielec, umnikazi ka-Lockheed Martin, mayelana nokuhleleka kweqembu lesibili lezindiza ezinophephela emhlane ezinendima eningi ye-S-70i Black Hawk kuwumlando, okuhlanganisa nezizathu ezimbili. Okokuqala, lena i-oda elilodwa elikhulu kunawo wonke kulo mshini, futhi okwesibili, inquma ukuthi umkhawulo wezimoto eziyikhulu zalolu hlobo olukhiqizwa eMielec udlulile.
Ngenkathi iSikorsky Aircraft Corporation yangaleso sikhathi ithenga amasheya angu-2007% e-Polskie Zakłady Lotnicze Sp. nge-United Technologies Holdings SA ngo-100 ku-Agencja Rozwoju Przemysłu. z o. o. eMielec, akekho owayelindele ukuthi amandla omkhiqizi wezindiza omkhulu kunawo wonke ePoland azokhula muva nje. Naphezu kokungathembeki okwandile kwabahlaziyi bemakethe yezindiza, isimo sasihlukile - ngaphezu kokuqhubeka nokukhiqizwa kwendiza encane yokuthutha i-M28 Skytruck/Bryza kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezakhiwo ze-fuselage zezindiza ezinophephela emhlane ze-Sikorsky UH-60M Black Hawk, umnikazi omusha wanquma. ukuthola ulayini wokugcina womhlangano womkhiqizo omusha e-Mielec Sikorsky Aircraft Corp. – indiza enophephela emhlane i-S-70i Black Hawk. Inguqulo yezentengiselwano ye-rotorcraft yezempi edumile kwadingeka iphendule esidingweni semakethe esilindelwe, lapho iqembu elikhulu labathengi abangahle likhonjwe ababengenantshisekelo yokuthola izinguqulo ezindala ezisetshenzisiwe ze-UH-60 kumathuluzi ensalela yoMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-US ngokusebenzisa I-Excess. Uhlelo Lwemibhalo Yezokuvikela (EDA) noma okwamanje olukhiqizwe ngaphansi kohlelo Lokuthengisa Kwezempi Yangaphandle (FMS). Lokhu, futhi, kwakusho ukuthi umkhiqizi “kuphela” wayedinga ukuthola ilayisense yokuthekelisa kubaphathi base-US ukuze adayise izindiza ezinophephela emhlane ngokuqondile (ukuthengisa okuqondile kwezentengiselwano, i-DCS) esikhungweni, okuhlanganisa nezakhamuzi, amakhasimende. Ukwenza lokhu, ama-avionics kanye nezinye izakhi zesakhiwo (okuhlanganisa nokushayela) kwakudingeka zihlangabezane nezidingo eziqinile zokuphatha (okungukuthi ziqedwe uma kuqhathaniswa nenguqulo yezempi ekhiqizwayo njengamanje). Izilinganiso zokuqala zibonise ukuthi umenzi ulindele ukuthengisa izibonelo ezingaphezu kuka-300. Kuze kube manje, eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqaliswa kwalolu hlelo, ama-30% ephothifoliyo elindelekile athengiwe. Ekupheleni kuka-2021, u-Polskie Zakłady Lotnicze wayesekhiqize izindiza ezinophephela emhlane ezingama-90 S-70i. Ijubane eliphansi uma kuqhathaniswa lalibangelwa amandla okuthengisa aphansi ekuqaleni, aphansi kakhulu kunokulindelekile, kodwa isikhathi sasetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa amakhono engxenyeni yendiza enophephela emhlane. Ekuqaleni, i-Mielec rotorcraft yakhiqizwa ngendlela eyisisekelo futhi yathuthelwa e-USA ukuze kufakwe imishini eyengeziwe ngokuhambisana nezidingo zabasebenzisi. Kodwa-ke, kusukela ngo-2016, iningi lalo msebenzi selivele lenziwe eMielec, okufanele liqokonyiswe - ngokubamba iqhaza okukhulayo kwabalingani basePoland.
Ukulandelana okuhle kwe-Mielec S-70i kwaqala ngenkontileka neChile, ehlanganisa amakhophi ayisithupha. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi endabeni yalezi rotorcraft, inqubo yokuhlanganisa imishini ehlosiwe yenziwa okokuqala ePoland.
Ama-oda okuqala, namanje anesizotha, amenyezelwe engxenyeni yesibili ka-2010, lapho kuhlanganiswa ukukhiqizwa kokuqala kwe-Mielec. Izimoto ezintathu zayalelwa uMnyango Wezangaphakathi Wombuso waseSaudi Arabia. Nakuba inkontileka iphinde yahlanganisa inketho yokwelula inkontileka yezindiza ezinophephela emhlane ezingu-12, akukho siqinisekiso okwamanje sokuthi iziphathimandla zaseRiyadh zizozuza kulokhu. Izimoto, ezethulwe ngo-2010-2011, zisetshenziselwa ukusekela ukusebenza komthetho kanye nokusesha nokuhlenga. Ukwengeza, impumelelo yesibili yokumaketha yayingokomfanekiso lapho indiza enophephela emhlane eyodwa idayiselwa izinhlaka zomthetho eMexico. Kuphela ngo-2011 kwatholwa izinkontileka zokuqala zokunikezwa kwemishini yezempi - uBrunei wayala 12, futhi iColombia yayala ezinhlanu (kamuva ezimbili ngaphezulu). I-oda lesibili belibaluleke kakhulu njengoba i-Colombia isivele inokuhlangenwe nakho kokusebenzisa i-UH-60 Black Hawks, ehlinzekwe ngabaphathi base-US kusukela ngo-1987. Okufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi, ngokusho kwemithombo etholakalayo, kwakuyi-Colombian S-70i eyabhekana nemisebenzi yokulwa, ibamba iqhaza ekulweni nezinqola zezidakamizwa kanye nezidlamlilo uFuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia - Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP).
Ohlelweni lwe-S-70, impumelelo yomibili emakethe yezempi bekufanele kube umoya oyisaga oseyili, kodwa ekugcineni baba ngabokugcina ngaphambi kwesomiso eside semakethe - ngo-2015, bengazange bawine ama-oda amasha, futhi. , ngaphezu kwalokho, iSikorsky Aircraft Corporation ngoNovemba 2015 yaba indawo ye-Lockheed Martin Corporation. Ngeshwa, akwenzekanga ukufaka amafekthri e-Mielec njengabahlinzeki bokukhiqiza okunelayisensi ye-S-70i eTurkey. Impumelelo yaseTurkey ekukhetheni i-S-2014i ngo-'70 njengenkundla yendiza enophephela emhlane i-T-70 entsha ngaphansi kohlelo lwe-Turkish Utility Helicopter Programme (TUHP) ayizange ibonakale ngenxa yenqubekela phambili ehamba kancane kakhulu yalo lonke ibhizinisi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuphola kobudlelwano bezokusebenzelana kulayini weWashington-Ankara futhi kungaholela ekubambezelekeni okwengeziwe kwephrojekthi, ethathwa njengomugqa ohlukile we-S-70i.
Ukushintsha kobunikazi bamafekthri e-Mielec kwaholela ekulungisweni kwesu lokumaketha, okwaholela ochungechungeni lwempumelelo eqhubekayo - ama-oda kuphela ezinyangeni zamuva aholele esiphethweni sezinkontileka zokuthengisa. ngamakhophi angama-42. Ngaphezu kwemakethe yezempi, lapho izindiza ezinophephela emhlane ze-67 ziye zaqanjwa eminyakeni yamuva (eChile, ePoland, eThailand nasePhilippines), imakethe yomphakathi isibe umsebenzi obalulekile, ngokugxila ikakhulukazi ezinsizeni eziphuthumayo - eminyakeni eyisithupha edlule. , uMielec udayise amanye ama-Black Hawk angu-21. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ngaphezu kwemakethe ethile yaseMelika, lapho izindiza ezinophephela emhlane zisetshenziswa kakhulu emisebenzini yokucisha umlilo, amanye amazwe maduzane azosebenzisa izinzuzo ze-C-70i kule ngxenye yemakethe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abahlinzeki abaningi bezinkonzo zomlilo ezizimele bahambisa izindiza zabo phakathi kwezindawo zomlilo (ngenxa yamagama ahlukene athi "izinkathi zomlilo", indiza efanayo ingasetshenziswa eGreece, e-US nase-Australia). Impumelelo ebalulekile ukusungulwa kokubambisana okunezithelo phakathi komkhiqizi wezindiza ezinophephela emhlane kanye ne-United Rotorcraft, egxile kakhulu ekuguquleni izindiza ezinophephela emhlane ukuze zenze imisebenzi yokuhlenga nokucisha umlilo. Inkontileka eqhubekayo njengamanje eyezindiza ezinophephela emhlane ezinhlanu futhi ihlanganisa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ikhophi ezothunyelwa ku-Colorado Emergency Services, kanye ne-Firehawk ku-opharetha ongaziwa ngaphandle kwe-United States.
