I-S-70 Black Hawk

I-Black Hawk Multi-Role Helicopter iyindiza enophephela emhlane esekela inkundla yempi enamandla okwenza isiteleka, okuhlanganisa izikhali eziqondisiwe, nemishini yezokuthutha, njengezokuthutha zamasosha ahamba ngezinyawo.

Indiza enophephela emhlane i-Sikorsky S-70 enendima ehlukahlukene ingenye yezindiza ezidumile, enamayunithi angaba ngu-4000 a-odwe futhi akhiwa, okuhlanganisa ne-3200 yokusetshenziswa komhlaba kanye nama-800 olwandle. Yathengwa futhi yaqala ukusebenza emazweni angaphezu kuka-30. I-S-70 isathuthukiswa futhi ikhiqizwa ngobuningi, futhi kusaxoxiswana ngezinkontileka ezengeziwe zalolu hlobo lwendiza enophephela emhlane. Phakathi neshumi leminyaka, ama-S-70 Black Hawks nawo akhiqizwa e-Państwowe Zakłady Lotnicze Sp. z oo e-Mielec (inkampani engaphansi kwe-Lockheed Martin Corporation). Zathengelwa amaphoyisa namabutho ahlomile asePoland (amabutho akhethekile). Ngokwezitatimende zabenzi bezinqumo, inani lezindiza ezinophephela emhlane i-S-70 Black Hawk ezithengelwe abasebenzisi basePoland lizokwengezwa.

Indiza enophephela emhlane enezindima eziningi iBlack Hawk ithathwa njengehamba phambili ekilasini layo. Inomklamo oqine ngokwedlulele omelana nomthelela kanye nokulimala ngesikhathi sokufika okunzima, okunikeza ithuba elihle kakhulu lokusinda kubantu abasemkhunjini esimweni sokuhlala okuphuthumayo. Ngenxa yobubanzi, i-fuselage eyisicaba kanye negiya lokuhlala lethrekhi elibanzi nakakhulu, i-airframe ayivamisile ukuthi igibele eceleni. I-Black Hawk inesitezi esiphansi kakhulu, okwenza kube lula ngamasosha ahlomile ukuthi angene futhi aphume endizeni enophephela emhlane, njengoba kwenza nezicabha ezishelelayo ezibanzi ezinhlangothini ze-fuselage. Ngenxa yezinjini ezinamandla kakhulu ze-General Electric T700-GE-701D, i-Black Hawk ayinawo amandla amakhulu kakhulu eqile, kodwa futhi nokuthembeka okuphawulekayo nekhono lokubuya kumishini enenjini eyodwa egijima.

indiza enophephela emhlane iBlack Hawk enamaphiko amabili e-ESSS; Umbukiso Wemboni Yezokuvikela Yamazwe Ngamazwe, e-Kielce, 2016. Esitobhini sangaphandle se-ESSS sibona i-AGM-114 Hellfire eyimiphongolo emine yokudubula imicibisholo eqondiswa ngamathangi.

I-Black Hawk flight deck ifakwe ezine multi-function liquid crystal displays, kanye nezibonisi ezisizayo kuphaneli evundlile phakathi kwabashayeli bezindiza. Yonke le nto ihlanganiswe nohlelo lokulawula indiza, olusebenzisa i-autopilot eneziteshi ezine. Isistimu yokuzulazula isekelwe kumasistimu amabili angasebenzi axhunywe kubamukeli besistimu yesathelayithi yokuzulazula yomhlaba wonke, esebenzisana nemephu yedijithali ekhiqizwe kusibonisi sekristalu ewuketshezi. Phakathi nezindiza zasebusuku, abashayeli bezindiza bangasebenzisa izibuko zokubona ebusuku. Ukuxhumana okuphephile kunikezwa iziteshi zomsakazo ezimbili ze-broadband ezinamashaneli okuxhumana abethelwe.

I-Black Hawk iyindiza enophephela emhlane yomhlaba wonke futhi ivumela: ukuthuthwa kwempahla (ngaphakathi kwekhabhinethi yezokuthutha kanye ne-sling yangaphandle), amasosha namasosha, ukusesha nokuhlenga kanye nokukhishwa kwezokwelapha, ukusesha ukulwa nokuhlenga kanye nokukhishwa kwezokwelapha kusukela enkundleni yempi, ukusekelwa komlilo. namakholamu okuphelezela kanye nezinsika ezimashayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele unake isikhathi esifushane sokushintsha ukuze wenze umsebenzi othile.

Uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imiklamo yezinhloso ezifanayo, i-Black Hawk ihlukaniswa ngezikhali ezinamandla kakhulu futhi ezihlukahlukene. Ingaphatheli izikhali zenganono kuphela namarokhethi angaqondisiwe, kodwa futhi nemicibisholo ejikijelwa ngamathangi. Imojula yokulawula umlilo ihlanganiswe nama-avionics akhona futhi ingalawulwa yinoma yimuphi wabashayeli bezindiza. Uma usebenzisa i-cannon barrel noma imicibisholo ecitshwayo engagodliwe, idatha eqondiwe iboniswa ezibukweni ezibekwe ekhanda ezibekwe ekhanda, okuvumela abashayeli bezindiza ukuthi baqondise indiza enophephela emhlane ibe endaweni evumayo yokudubula (iphinde ivumele ukuxhumana ngokunyakazisa ikhanda). Ukuze kubonwe, kuhloswe futhi kuqondiswe imicibisholo eqondisiwe, kusetshenziswa i-optical-electronic observation kanye nekhanda elihlosiwe elinesithombe esishisayo namakhamera kamabonakude, kanye nesiteshi se-laser sokulinganisa ububanzi nokukhanya okuqondiwe.

Inguqulo yokusekela umlilo ye-Black Hawk isebenzisa i-ESSS (Isistimu Yokusekela Umagazini Wangaphandle). Isamba samaphuzu amane singaphatha izibhamu zomshini ezisindayo ezingu-12,7 mm, amarokhethi angama-70 mm Hydra 70 noma imicibisholo ye-AGM-114 Hellfire anti-tank guided (ehlome ngekhanda le-laser elisebenza kancane elisebenzayo). Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi unamathisele amathangi engeziwe kaphethiloli anamandla angama-757 amalitha. Indiza enophephela emhlane ingathola futhi isibhamu somshini esinemigqomo eminingi esilawulwa umshayeli esingu-7,62 mm kanye/noma izibhamu ezimbili ezihambayo ezinomdubuli.

Ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa ne-ESSS bi-position outer wings, indiza enophephela emhlane enezindima eziningi iBlack Hawk, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ingakwazi ukwenza lokhu okulandelayo:

• ukuphelezela, isiteleka kanye nokusekelwa komlilo, kusetshenziswa uhla olugcwele lwezikhali zokulwa zezindiza ezitholakala ezindaweni eziqinile zangaphandle, nethuba lokubeka izikhali eziyisipele noma ithangi likaphethiloli elengeziwe endlini yezimpahla yendiza enophephela emhlane;
• ukulwa nezikhali ezihlomile kanye nezimoto zokulwa ezihlomile ezikwazi ukuthutha kuze kufike ku-16 AGM-114 Imicibisholo ye-Hellfire anti-tank guided;
• amandla okuhlalisa ezokuthutha, anekhono lokuthutha ama-paratroopers angu-10 anezibhamu ezimbili eziseceleni; kulokhu kumisa, indiza enophephela emhlane isazoba nama-hardpoints ezikhali zendiza, kodwa ngeke isaphatha izinhlamvu endaweni yezimpahla.

Isikhali esibaluleke kakhulu se-Black Hawk inguqulo yakamuva ye-Hellfire anti-tank guided missile, i-AGM-114R Multi-Purpose Hellfire II, ehlome ngekhanda lempi elivumela ukuthi lishaye okuhlosiwe okubanzi, kusukela ezizikhalini zezikhali, ngokusebenzisa izinqaba nezakhiwo, kuze kucekelwe phansi izisebenzi eziyizitha. Imicibisholo yalolu hlobo ingavulwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukuvala ngaphambi kwesidlo sasemini (LOBL) - ukukhiya/ukuthwebula ithagethi ngaphambi kokudubula kanye nokuvala ngemva kwesidlo sasemini (LOAL) - ukukhiya/ukuthwebula ithagethi ngemva kokudubula. ukudubula. Ukuthola okuhlosiwe kungenzeka kokubili ngabashayeli bezindiza ezinophephela emhlane kanye nangabantu besithathu.

Umcibisholo we-AGM-114R Hellfire II onezinjongo eziningi ukusuka emoyeni ukuya phezulu uyakwazi ukushaya indawo (umile) futhi uhambise okuhlosiwe. Ibanga elisebenzayo - 8000 m.

Okunye okungase kube khona imicibisholo engu-70mm DAGR (Direct Attack Guided Rocket) ezicitshwayo ezisuka emoyeni ziye phansi ezihlanganiswe neziqhumane ze-Hellfire (M310 - 2-rail kanye ne-M299 - 4-rail). Imicibisholo ye-DAGR inamakhono afanayo nawe-Hellfire, kodwa amandla omlilo ancishisiwe kanye nobubanzi, okuwavumela ukuba anciphise izimoto ezihlomile kancane, izakhiwo kanye nabasebenzi ngenkathi kunciphisa umonakalo owenziwe yisibambiso. Iziqhumane ezicitshwayo ze-DAGR ezine-quad-barrel zifakwe kuma-Hellfire launcher rails futhi zinebanga lokuzibandakanya elisebenzayo lika-1500-5000 m.