Ukusabela kwe-mercury compounds
I-Metallic mercury nezinhlanganisela zayo ziyingozi kakhulu ezintweni eziphilayo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kuma-compounds ancibilika kakhulu emanzini. Kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu lapho kuhlolwa inhlanganisela yalesi sici esiyingqayizivele (i-mercury iyona kuphela insimbi ewuketshezi ekamelweni lokushisa). Ukuhambisana nemithetho eyisisekelo kasokhemisi? izokuvumela ukuthi wenze ngokuphepha izivivinyo ezimbalwa nge-mercury compounds.
Esivivinyweni sokuqala, sithola i-aluminium amalgam (isixazululo sale nsimbi ku-liquid mercury). Isixazululo seMercury (II) Hg nitrate (V) Hg (NO3)2 kanye nocezu lwentambo ye-aluminium (isithombe 1). Induku ye-aluminium (ehlanjululwe ngokucophelela ngamadiphozithi) ifakwe ku-tube yokuhlola enesisombululo sosawoti we-mercury oncibilikayo (isithombe 2). Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, singabona ukukhululwa kwamagwebu egesi ebusweni bocingo (izithombe 3 no-4). Ngemva kokukhipha induku esixazululweni, kuvela ukuthi ubumba lumbozwe nge-coating fluffy, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, sibona amabhola e-metallic mercury (izithombe 5 no-6).
I-Chemistry - isipiliyoni sokuhlanganisa i-mercury
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, ingaphezulu le-aluminium limbozwa ungqimba oluqinile lwe-aluminium oxide.2O3ihlukanisa ngempumelelo insimbi emathonyeni anolaka emvelo. Ngemuva kokuhlanza nokucwiliswa kwenduku esixazululweni sikasawoti we-mercury, i-Hg ions iyasuswa2+ i-aluminium esebenza kakhulu
I-Mercury efakwe phezu kwenduku yenza i-amalgam ne-aluminium, okwenza kube nzima nge-oxide ukunamathela kuyo. I-Aluminium iyinsimbi esebenzayo kakhulu (isabela emanzini ukuze ikhulule i-hydrogen - ama-bubbles wegesi abonwa), futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo njengento ehlelekile kungenzeka ngenxa yokugcoba kwe-oxide eminyene.
Ocwaningweni lwesibili, sizobona ama-ammonium NH ions.4+ usebenzisa i-reagent ka-Nessler (usokhemisi waseJalimane uJulius Nessler waba ngowokuqala ukusisebenzisa ekuhlaziyeni ngo-1856).
Hlola ukusabela kwama-hops nama-mercury compounds
Ukuhlola kuqala ngemvula ye-mercury(II) iodide HgI.2, ngemva kokuxuba izixazululo ze-potassium iodide KI ne-mercury (II) nitrate (V) Hg (NO3)2 (Isithombe 7):
Imvula ebomvu ewolintshi ye-HgI2 (isithombe 8) bese belashwa ngesixazululo se-potassium iodide eseqile ukuze kutholwe inhlanganisela encibilikayo yefomula K.2HGI4 ? I-Potassium tetraiodercurate (II) (Isithombe 9), okuyi-reagent ka-Nessler:
Ngokuhlanganiswa okuwumphumela, singathola ama-ion ammonium. Izixazululo ze-sodium hydroxide NaOH ne-ammonium chloride NH zisazodingeka.4Cl (isithombe 10). Ngemva kokwengeza inani elincane lesixazululo sikasawoti we-ammonium ku-reagent ye-Nessler kanye nokuhlanganisa i-alkalizing ngesisekelo esiqinile, sibona ukwakheka kombala ophuzi-wolintshi wokuqukethwe kweshubhu lokuhlola. Ukusabela kwamanje kungabhalwa kanje:
Umphumela we-mercury compound unesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi:
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Nessler okuzwela kakhulu kusetshenziselwa ukuthola ngisho nensalela kasawoti we-ammonium noma i-ammonia emanzini (isb. amanzi ompompi).
