Amathangi okuqaphela i-TK - ukuthekelisa
Ithuthukiswe ekhaya ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-30s, izinguqulo ezithuthukisiwe zezimoto ezincane zaseBrithani ezilandelwa umkhondo, njengoba zaqanjwa nguCardin-Loyd, zazizoba enye yezinzuzo zezohwebo ekulweleni izinkontileka zezikhali kokubili eYurophu naphesheya. Nakuba i-TK-3 futhi ikakhulukazi i-TKS yayingenakho ukushiyeka okuningana kwesibonelo sayo sakwamanye amazwe futhi yayidlula ngezici zayo, imizamo yasePoland yokuthumela lezi zixuku yangena ezithiyo eziningi umbuso omusha okwakudingeka umelane nazo futhi okwakumelwe umelane nazo. ukuxhashazwa ngokucophelela iminyaka umqhudelwano ohlomile obekwe ezimakethe zangaphandle.
Imibuzo emayelana nethuba lokuthenga amathangi asekhaya kuwo womabili lawa aseYurophu nakwamanye amazwe amaningi ukuze ahwebe ngezikhali ePoland yabangela inkinga yezomthetho. Okungukuthi, ngo-1931, ngemva nje kokuba uColonel Grossbard, omele ibutho laseLatvia, ejwayelene namasampula okuqala othangi basePoland, kwaba nokwenzeka ukudayisa izimoto ze-TK eDaugava. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kwamanothi abhalwe ngesandla kumadokhumenti, isivumelwano savinjelwa ngokushesha, kuhlanganisa. ngenxa yemizamo kaColonel Kossakovsky, njengoba lokhu kungase kuphazamise inkontileka nenkampani yaseNgilandi "Vickers-Armstrong" (ngemuva kwalokhu: "Vickers"), eyayiphikiswa yisikhulu esibalwe ngenhla, yayinezilindelo eziningana ezakhe.
Isenzo esinjalo esingaguquki senhloko ye-DepZaopInzh. kanye ne-DouBrPunk. bala U-Kossakovsky, cishe, wayesekelwa ukungenelela kwe-attaché yezempi yaseBrithani, eyacela ukucaciswa kwamahemuhemu mayelana nokukhishwa kwamathangi eRiga. Ngemva kokudamba kwemizwelo yokuqala ehlobene nokunganaki okuthile maqondana nezinhlinzeko zesivumelwano phakathi kweRiphabhulikhi yasePoland kanye noVickers, uhlangothi lwasePoland lwathatha isimo sengqondo esinokulinganisela maqondana nendaba yokuthekelisa amaweji kumakhelwane wasenyakatho. Ngaphandle kwesizathu, futhi ngokuqaphela okusobala, kwaqashelwa ukuthi usonkontileka oneshwa wayenesithakazelo esikhulu ekutholeni ilayisense kanye nemishini yokukhiqiza ngokuzimela ekhaya kunokuthenga okunzima kakhulu ku-Vistula.
Kodwa-ke, itimu yaseLatvia izohlala isebenza kuze kube okungenani i-1933, lapho ukuboniswa kwamathangi asePoland abuya ekuvakasheni okuphumelelayo kwezohwebo e-Estonia, okuzoxoxwa ngakho kamuva, kukhanseliwe ngomzuzu wokugcina. Lo mcimbi wawungalindelekile futhi ubonwa kabi, ikakhulukazi njengoba i-echelon yasePoland yamukelwa ngisho nabaphathi abaphakeme baseLatvia ngesikhathi sohambo oluya eRiga. Uma kubhekwa izizathu zokushintshwa kwesinqumo kungazelelwe, kwavezwa ukuthi amaSoviet ayengafuni ukusondeza iPoland emazweni awo aseBaltic. Ukugcina okukhulunywe ngakho kokuqondisa kokuhweba kwaseLatvia kuvela emibhalweni ye-1934, futhi kakade kuyisimo esisemthethweni.
Nokho, isenzo sokuhweba esingenacala kumakhelwane wasePoland osenyakatho sabangela umphumela weqhwa. NgoJanuwari 4, 1932, i-SEPEWE Export Przemysłu Obronnego Spółka z oo yakhuluma nenhloko yoMnyango Wesibili Wokuqapha Umngcele ngesicelo sokubuza ngokuthengiswa kwezikhali ezenziwe ePoland - cap. Umthumeli kanye nama-tannettes asanda kwakhiwa i-TK (TK-3). Ugqozi lwesenzo sokuthekelisa bekumele kube i-Państwowe Zakłady Inżynierii (PZInż.), ukukhiqizwa okulungele ukunwetshwa, okulula futhi okusheshayo kwezimoto ezincane ezilandelwa ngomkhondo. Isiphetho salolu daba sagcina sikhishwe uColonel Tadeusz Kosakowski woMnyango Wokuhlinzeka Ngobunjiniyela. Ngaphansi koMnyango Wezindaba Zezempi. iziphathimandla zibheke ukuthi azikho izithiyo kuleli cala nokuthi wonke amabhizinisi ezohwebo kufanele ancike kuphela ekukhethweni kwamazwe ambozwe isenzo sokuthumela ngaphandle ngokuvamile esigunyazwe yi-SEPEWE. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi isinqumo sisayinwe nguColonel V. Kosakovsky, uLieutenant Colonel Vladislav Spalek.
Kodwa-ke, umbono omuhle obonakala uyihaba wawungqubuzana nokuhamba kamuva kohlangothi lwasePoland, ikakhulukazi inxusa lasePoland eLondon. Encwadini eyimfihlo nebanzi yesinamathiseli sethu sango-April 27, 1932, sifunda ukuthi ezinsukwini zokuqala zale nyanga, iSh. Brodovsky wasePZInż., umsebenzi wakhe kwakuwukuxoxisana nabakwaVickers mayelana nokukhiqizwa kweqoqo lamathangi okuhlola eRomania ngamafekthri asePoland.
Njengoba umeluleki womsebenzi wobunxusa, u-Janshistsky, esho encwadini yakhe: “... Isivumelwano noVickers sokuthengwa kwelayisensi yamathangi e-Carden Loyd VI yi-PZInż., esasayinwa yimi ngo-1930, asiqukethe isigatshana esiphathelene ukukhiqizwa kwamathangi. amathangi emazweni angaphandle, ngakho lingahunyushwa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ukuvakasha kukanjiniyela UBrodovsky kanye nezingxoxo eziningana noVickers zathela kancane, ngaphandle kwesikhulu sezikhali samaNgisi esasilinde isikhulu, i.e. umbuzo obhaliwe ovela ohlangothini lwasePoland mayelana nokubhuka okungenzeka.
Isicelo sokuthi kungenzeka ukukhiqiza ama-wedges e-PZInzh. evuna izwe lesithathu, ihlangabezane nempendulo engacacile evela kulowo obhalelwayo, ephinde yahlanjululwa ngokuyidlulisela esinqumweni sabaphathi abaphezulu benkampani. Ngomhla zingama-20 kuMbasa, abaseBrithani babikela inxusa lasePoland ukuthi ngeke bakwazi ukunikeza impendulo ebophezelayo kuze kube yilapho bebonisana nezici zaseRomania, umkhulumeli wasePoland owachaza ngokuthi "zibikezelwe". Ngakho-ke, kungasolwa ukuthi ukukhathazeka kulungele ukuhambisa ibhidi ephikisayo, ngaleyo ndlela yeqe imizamo yokuthunyelwa kwe-Polish.
Umeluleki wabo bonke akazange afihle ukumangala kwakhe ngezinqubo zokuxoxisana ezingafanele ezisetshenziswa umkhiqizi wangaphandle, aziveza encwadini yakhe: … Kwakukhona isigaba encwadini kaVickers esasichaza incazelo yami yenkontileka ngevolumu ethi PZInż. zikhawulelwe ekukhiqizeni nasekuthengisweni kwamathangi ukuze asetshenziswe kuphela uhulumeni wasePoland. Kwakungekho lutho olunjalo encwadini yami. Nalokho, ngaphendula ngokushesha kuVickers, ngibeka iphuzu eliyinhloko futhi ngamcela ukuba aqaphele incazelo yami yesivumelwano selayisensi. Iphendula incwadi yami yesibili, inkampani ikunakile ukuphawula kwami, kodwa iphinde iphikelele ekuchazeni kwayo inkontileka okunemingcele.
Udaba lwavalwa izinsuku ezimbalwa, okwathi ngo-Ephreli 27 inxusa lasePoland eLondon lathola imininingwane yokuthi ngoMeyi 9, 1932, omunye wabaqondisi bakwaVikes, uGeneral Sir Noel Burch, uzofika eWarsaw ukuzodingida amalayisensi futhi… .. udaba neziphathimandla zasePoland, nokuthi zithemba ukuthi zombili lezi zinkinga zizoxazululwa ngokuthula.
Udaba lwesibili, oluqondwa kahle yi-diplomacy yasePoland, kwakuwukuthengwa kwezikhali zangaphandle ezilwa nezindiza ngamabutho ahlomile asePoland futhi abaseBrithani besaba ukuthi imishini yaseMelika (okungenzeka ukuthi imishini yokulawula umlilo) izoba abawinile ezinqubweni zoMfula i-Vistula.
Ngaso leso sikhathi, uColonel Bridge, owayexhumana noVickers, wazisa umeluleki ka-Allski, owayexhumana naye, ukuthi le nkampani iya ngokuya izizwa iqhudelana nezimboni zezikhali nezinhlamvu zasePoland, nokuthi ngenxa yemali etholakala eBucharest nobunzima. ngokuqoqwa kwesabelomali, i-Vickers kufanele igcine isimo esicacile. Njengoba ungase uqagele, bekungokwe-PZInż. kanye ne-SEPEWE engemihle, ngaphandle uma ukuvakasha okumenyezelwe e-Warsaw kuvumela ukuthola ukuyekethisa okwamukelekayo nhlangothi zombili.
Engxenyeni yokugcina yenothi lakhe, isisebenzi seNxusa LaseRiphabhulikhi yasePoland eLondon sabhalela inhloko yomnyango we-XNUMX we-Border Guard: Sibika kuMnu. ngamasu afanayo nanjengasencwadini yakhe yokuqala, nokuthi angazi ukuthi kufanele kubhekwe ngani. Ngeshwa, ukudumala okuhambisana nombhalo ngeke kube okokugcina.
Icala lenkontileka ne-Vickers ye-Carden-Loyd tankettes izophinde ixoxwe maduzane futhi ku-Vistula mayelana nokutholakala kweziphambeko zamapuleti ezikhali ezithengwe eNgilandi ukuze kwenziwe uchungechunge lokuqala lwe-TK-3 tankettes. Kamuva, kwakuzoqubuka amahlazo amasha ku-Vistula, kulokhu mayelana namathangi e-Vickers Mk E Alternative A. 6 mm akhuthele, athengwe ngamathangi amasha anezibhamu ezimbili.
Ngakho-ke, kuyacaca ukuthi ekuxhumaneni neVickers-Armstrong Ltd. Iqembu lasePoland belingabonakali njengomdlali ozimisele. Nakuba kuqondakala ukuthi umkhiqizi ulwela amalungelo elayisensi, ukubeka iPoland njengomamukeli unomphela wezinhlobo ezahlukene zezikhali njengomthengi osezingeni lesibili kwakuyisimo esibi ngempela ngokobudlelwano bezomnotho nezepolitiki.
Ngo-August 30, 1932, iPhini Lesibili likaNgqongqoshe uM. S. Amasosha wakhuluma ngale ndaba. (L.dz.960 / i.e. izinkontileka zokuhlinzekwa kwezimoto ze-Carden-Loyd Mk VI. Ngokunokwenzeka, isikhundla esinjalo esingacacile sasisekelwa impikiswano yokuthi ithangi le-TK lase livikelwe yilungelo lobunikazi eliyimfihlo ngaleso sikhathi (isiPolish kuphela - Ithangi elisheshayo elikhanyayo 178 / t.e. 32), kanye nemishini yokuhamba kwayo - imoto kanye nomhlahlandlela wesitimela (amalungelo obunikazi ayimfihlo No. 172 no-173).
Ngokubhekiselwa esikhundleni esishiwo, izimpikiswano ezihlobene nenkululeko ephelele yokulahla ilungelo lobunikazi lomuntu siqu zasetshenziswa ngokuzithandela, okwakufanele ngabe zisuse noma okungenani zinciphise noma yiziphi izingxabano ezingase ziphakame kulo mongo nenkampani yamaNgisi. Inkinga ayizange ixazululwe, kusukela ngo-Okthoba 1932 abaphathi besigaba se-3330 se-Border Troops engxenyeni eyimfihlo "Ukuthekelisa ithangi le-TK" (Cha. Kukhona ukwesaba okusekelwe kahle kwezinkinga ebuhlotsheni noVickers, kusukela I-TK empeleni iwukuguqulwa nje kwe-Carden- Loida Ilungelo lomkhiqizo wohlobo lwakamuva latholwa yilayisensi ye-PZInż., kuncike ku-§ 32, ukuthi amathangi azokhiqizwa ngokwezidingo zombuso wasePoland.
Ngokuphazima kweso washintsha umqondo wakhe kanye ne-DepZaopInzh. ebeka ukuthi: ... inkontileka ayigcini nje ngokukhuluma lutho mayelana nethuba lokuthengisa ukuze kuthekeliswe, kodwa ayihlinzeki ngisho nethuba lokukhiqiza kwabo ngaphandle kwezidingo zoMbuso wasePoland. Kulesi simo, bekukhona izixazululo ezimbili ezingenzeka:
