Izinhlobonhlobo, idivayisi kanye nenjongo ye-flywheel yenjini

Ngaphandle, i-flywheel yenjini iyisisetshenziswa esijwayelekile - idiski esindayo esilula. Nokho, ngesikhathi esifanayo, yenza umsebenzi obalulekile ekusebenzeni kwenjini kanye nawo wonke umshini. Kulesi sihloko sizocabangela injongo yayo eyinhloko, izinhlobo ze-flywheels, kanye nedivayisi yabo.

Inhloso nemisebenzi

I-flywheel elula iyidiski yensimbi eqinile ecindezelwe ngokunembile lapho amazinyo ensimbi ecindezelwa ukuze ahlangane nesiqalisi senjini, lokho okubizwa ngegiya lendandatho. I-flywheel idlulisa i-torque isuka enjinini iye ku-gearbox, ngakho ihlala phakathi kwenjini nogesi. Uma usebenzisa i-manual transmission, ibhasikidi ye-clutch ifakwe ku-flywheel, futhi ekudluliseni okuzenzakalelayo, isiguquli se-torque.

I-flywheel iyisici esindayo. Isisindo sayo sincike emandleni enjini kanye nenani lamasilinda. Lokhu kuchazwa ukuthi inhloso eyinhloko ye-flywheel ukuqoqa amandla e-kinetic kusuka ku-crankshaft, kanye nokwenza inertia edingekayo. Iqiniso liwukuthi injini yomlilo yangaphakathi yemijikelezo engu-4, 1 kuphela owenza umsebenzi odingekayo - ukushaywa okusebenzayo. Eminye imijikelezo emi-3 ye-crankshaft kanye neqembu le-piston kufanele yenziwe nge-inertia. Ngokuqondile kulokhu, i-flywheel iyadingeka, ilungiswe ekugcineni kwe-crankshaft.

Kukho konke osekushiwo ngaphambili, kulandela ukuthi inhloso ye-flywheel kanye nemisebenzi yayo eyinhloko imi kanje:

• ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-motor;
• ukudluliswa kwe-torque kusuka ku-motor kuya ku-gearbox, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwe-clutch;
• ukudluliswa kwe-torque kusuka kusiqalisi kuya kwiringi ye-flywheel ukuze kuqale injini.

Izinhlobo zama-flywheels

Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezi-3 zama-flywheels:

1. Okuqinile. Idizayini edume kakhulu nejwayelekile. Lena idiski yensimbi eminyene, idivayisi yayo echazwe ngaphambili. I-flywheel yokudlulisela okuzenzakalelayo ilula kakhulu kunelula, njengoba yakhelwe ukusetshenziswa kanye nesiguquli se-torque.
2. Engasindi. Ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwemoto, ukudluliswa, kanye ne-motor, i-flywheel engasindi ivame ukufakwa. Isisindo sayo esincane sinciphisa inertia futhi kwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwezimoto ngo-4-5%. I-Auto isabela ngokushesha ku-pedal yegesi, iba yiyona esebenza kakhulu. Kodwa kuyadingeka ukufaka i-flywheel engasindi kuphela ngokuhambisana nomunye umsebenzi wokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-motor, kanye nokudluliswa. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-flywheels angasindi ngaphandle kokucwenga i-piston, kanye ne-crankshaft, kungaholela ekusebenzeni okungazinzile kwenjini uma ingenzi lutho.
3. Isisindo esikabili. I-flywheel eyi-mass-mass noma i-damper ibhekwa njengeyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ekwakhiweni futhi ifakwe ezinkampanini zezimoto zesimanje. Ingasetshenziswa ezimotweni ezine-manual kanye ne-automatic transmission ngaphandle kwe-torque converter. Endabeni yokudlulisa ngesandla, i-clutch disc ngaphandle kwe-torsional vibration damper isetshenziswa.

Amasondo okundiza anesisindo esikabili ajwayeleke kakhulu ngenxa yokudambisa ukudlidliza kwawo okuthuthukisiwe, ukuvungama, ukuvikela ukudluliselwa, nama-synchronizer. Ngokuqondile lezi zinhlobonhlobo kufanele zicatshangelwe ngokuningiliziwe.

Idizayini nezakhiwo ze-dual-mass flywheel

Idizayini yohlobo lwe-mass amabili ayiqukethe amadiski angu-1, kodwa angu-2. I-disc eyodwa ixhunywe injini, futhi i-disc yesibili ixhunywe ku-gearbox. Zombili zingasebenza ngokuzimela komunye nomunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-disc yokuqala inomqhele we-flywheel onamazinyo ukuze uhlanganyele nesiqalisi. Womabili ama-bearings (i-axial ne-radial) aqinisekisa ukuhlangana kwezindlu ezi-2.

Ngaphakathi kwama-disc kunomklamo othuthukisiwe we-spring-damper, ohlanganisa iziphethu ezithambile neziqinile. Iziphethu ezithambile zinikeza ukuthamba ngesivinini esiphansi ngesikhathi sokuqala nokumisa injini. Iziphethu eziqinile ziphinde zidambise ukudlidliza ngesivinini esikhulu. Ngaphakathi kukhona okokugcoba okukhethekile.

Ukuthi isebenza kanjani

Ngokokuqala ngqa, ama-flywheels ama-dual-mass atholwe yizimoto ezine-othomathikhi. I-gearbox yerobhothi ibonakala ngokusheshisa, kanye nokushintsha kwegiya okuvamile. Nalokhu "isisindo esikabili" sibhekana ngokuphelele. Khona-ke, ngenxa yalezi zinzuzo, baqala ukufakwa ezimotweni ezine-manual transmission.

Isimiso sokusebenza silula. I-torque esuka ku-crankshaft iya kudiski yokuqala, ephambukisa uhlelo lwentwasahlobo ukusuka ngaphakathi. Ngemva kokufinyelela izinga elithile lokucindezela, i-torque iya ku-2nd disc. Lo mklamo uqeda ukudlidliza okukhulu kwemoto, okuvumela ukuthi unciphise kakhulu umthwalo ekudluliseni.

Ubuhle nobubi be-dual mass flywheel

Izinzuzo zomklamo onjalo zisobala:

• ukusebenza okuthambile nokufana kwe-motor kanye ne-gearbox;
• ukudlidliza okuphansi kanye ne-hum.

Nokho, kukhona futhi nemibi. Isilinganiso sempilo ye-dual-mass flywheel cishe iminyaka emi-3. Isistimu ihlale ingaphansi kwemithwalo ephezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugcoba kwangaphakathi kukhiqizwa. Izindleko zokushintshwa ziphezulu impela. Futhi lokhu kuwububi bayo obuyinhloko.

Ukungasebenzi kahle okukhulu

I-flywheel ingaphansi kwemithwalo enamandla, ngakho-ke ngokushesha iyayeka ukusebenza. Uphawu lokungasebenzi kahle kwayo kungase kube umsindo ogelezayo, ophuma ngaphandle lapho injini iqala futhi ima.

Ukuzwa ukudlidliza okunamandla kungasho nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-flywheel. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kungenxa "kathathu" motor. Uma ushintshela egiyeni eliphezulu, khona-ke ukudlidliza kuvame ukunyamalala. Ukuchofoza phakathi nokuqalisa nokusheshisa kungabonisa ukungasebenzi kahle. Kodwa-ke, awudingi ukushesha ngokushesha ukufaka esikhundleni se-flywheel, njengoba lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise ezinye izinkinga. Isibonelo, ngama-mounts enjini, i-gearbox, okunamathiselwe, i-exhaust system nokunye.

Indlela enembe kakhulu yokunquma imbangela yokuqhekeka ukuhlola ingxenye ngokuqondile. Kodwa-ke, ukuze ufinyelele kuyo, kuzodingeka uhlukanise indawo yokuhlola, futhi lokhu kudinga amakhono akhethekile namadivayisi.

Ukutholwa kwe-dual-mass flywheel

Ngenxa yentengo ephezulu ye "original", cishe bonke abashayeli bacabanga ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukubuyisela i-flywheel. Kufanele kuqashelwe ngokushesha ukuthi abakhiqizi abasikiseli ukubuyiselwa kwalesi sici. Kubhekwa njengokungahlukaniseki, ngakho-ke kungcono ukufaka entsha.

Nokho, basekhona ochwepheshe abangafika emsebenzini. Konke kuncike ezingeni lenkinga. Uma iziphethu zihluleka, zingashintshwa enkonzweni. Baqala ukuguga. Nokho, uma indlu noma ibhodi elilodwa liwile, khona-ke isinqumo esifanele kungaba ukuthenga entsha. Esimweni ngasinye, abantu abambalwa bazokwazi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside kwemoto, kanye nokudluliselwa ngemva komsebenzi wokulungisa.

Ukushintshwa kwe-single-mass

Ngokwethiyori, lokhu kungenziwa. Uchwepheshe wesevisi oqeqeshiwe angenza lokhu kalula. Nokho, ingabe kunengqondo ukwenza kanjalo? Akekho ozokwazi ukubikezela ukuthi i-gearbox ne-injini izohlala isikhathi esingakanani emva kwalokho, ngakho-ke, ngokwethu, asikweluleki ukwenza lokhu!

Uma une injini enamandla, kanye nokudluliswa kwezandla, khona-ke ukudlidliza okuphawulekayo nokuzamazama akunakugwenywa ngesikhathi sokuqala nokuma. Ungakwazi ukugibela, kodwa ngokuphatheka kabi okukhulu. Ibhokisi lerobhothi ngeke likwazi ukumelana ne-tandem ene-cast flywheel, ngakho-ke lizoyeka ukusebenza ngokushesha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kanye nebhokisi, ukubuyisela kuzobiza kakhulu.