Umehluko phakathi kwama-spark plugs: single, 2, 3 kanye no-4 pin
Okuqukethwe
Ngokusho kwabashayeli abaningi, amakhandlela anjalo ayisinqumo esingcono kakhulu ngokwenani lentengo / izinga. Anama-electrode asemaceleni angu-2 ekwakhiweni kwawo, angafaki ithiphu futhi angavimbeli ngokuqinile amagesi ashisayo ekuhlanzeni umzimba we-insulator. Ilangabi elisuka kunhlansi lingena ngokulinganayo ekamelweni elivuthayo, liqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwepiston.
Uma kuphakama umbuzo, amakhandlela oxhumana naye oyedwa ahluke kanjani ku-2, 3 no-4-contact, khona-ke impendulo isobala - inani lama-electrode aseceleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amamodeli anama "petals" amaningi anempilo ende yesevisi.
Ayini amakhandlela ephini elilodwa
Le mikhiqizo manje isivame kakhulu. Zidumile ngenxa yezindleko eziphansi nezimfuneko zekhwalithi kaphethiloli ephansi. Amakhandlela anjalo asebenza kahle ezinjinini zezimoto eziningi: ukusuka ezimotweni zasekhaya ezisetshenzisiwe kuya ezimotweni ezintsha zakwamanye amazwe.
Idizayini yemodeli ilula kakhulu:
- Ngenhla kunekesi leceramic elimhlophe.
- Ngezansi kunengilazi yensimbi enentambo.
- Ithiphu, phezu kwayo ilenga "petal" engu-1.
Umkhiqizo uphonswa kalula ekhandlela kahle. Igebe phakathi kwama-electrode amakhulu namahlangothi ngokuvamile li-0,8-1,1 mm. Ibanga leli liyakhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba insimbi iguga njalo lapho ikhoyili iphuma, okubangela ukuthi ingafithi kahle.
Ungakhetha kanjani ama-spark plugs
Ngakho-ke, okubi okuyinhloko kwamakhandlela othintana naye oyedwa yilezi:
- ukugcinwa kwezinsiza eziphansi (imikhiqizo yethusi ne-nickel yanele ukugijima ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-15-30);
- ukungazinzi ekuqhumeni (ikakhulukazi ebusika).
Ukuqinisekisa ukwakheka komlilo okuthembekile nokwandisa amandla okushaja, abakhiqizi banciphisa ububanzi bethiphu (kusuka ku-2,5 kuya ku-0,4 mm). Ukwengeza, ihlanganiswe ne-alloy yezinsimbi ezihloniphekile (i-platinum, i-iridium, i-yttrium), enciphisa izinga lokugqoka izikhathi ezingu-2-3. Futhi, ukuze kuncishiswe umphumela wokucisha futhi kuqinisekiswe ukushiswa okuphelele kukaphethiloli, i-U-groove isetshenziselwa othintana naye ohlangothini, futhi i-V-shape inikezwa ku-electrode ephakathi.
Izici ezihlukile zama-spark plugs
Ukuze unciphise ukugqoka komkhiqizo, abakhiqizi, ngaphezu kokusebenzisa izinto eziyigugu, baqala ukukhiqiza amamodeli anama-electrode amaningi. Imikhiqizo edume kakhulu yiNgk, Bosh, Denso, Brisk.
Amaphini amathathu
Lolu hlobo lwe-spark plug luvame ukusetshenziswa ezinjinini zezimoto zentengo emaphakathi. Baqinisekisa ukwakheka komlilo ozinzile, kodwa bafuna kakhulu izinga likaphethiloli. Ngegesi elibi, ngeke lihlale lidlula amakhandlela ajwayelekile.
Abanye ochwepheshe bathi impilo yemikhiqizo ye-3-contact ende izikhathi eziningana kunemikhiqizo yokuxhumana nomuntu oyedwa. Ngempela, "amacembe" aseceleni asulwa ngokulinganayo, njengoba inhlansi ishaya ngokushintshana kweseduze njengoba eguga. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ithiphu emaphakathi ingaphansi kokuguguleka kukagesi kuqala. Umkhawulo wayo wokuphepha uncike ezintweni. Isibonelo, uma i-spike yenziwe nge-iridium, umkhiqizo uzohlala amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-90.
Izikhonkwane ezimbili
Ngokusho kwabashayeli abaningi, amakhandlela anjalo ayisinqumo esingcono kakhulu ngokwenani lentengo / izinga. Anama-electrode asemaceleni angu-2 ekwakhiweni kwawo, angafaki ithiphu futhi angavimbeli ngokuqinile amagesi ashisayo ekuhlanzeni umzimba we-insulator. Ilangabi elisuka kunhlansi lingena ngokulinganayo ekamelweni elivuthayo, liqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwepiston.
Izikhonkwane ezine
Ekwakhiweni kwale mikhiqizo, kunamapheya ama-2 wama-electrode anegebe lika-0,8 mm no-1,2 mm, ngokulandelana. Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo, amakhandlela afaneleka kuma-carburetor amaningi kanye nezinjini zokujova.
Ama-spark plugs ahlukahlukene
Lawa makhandlela mabi kakhulu kunamanye amamodeli, ahlanzwa nge-soot futhi adale ilangabi elincane ngesivinini esiphansi. Kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, banendawo enkulu yokugcina imithombo (ikakhulukazi nge-iridium sputtering). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinhlangothi ezi-4 ezithintwayo zisuswa ekukhishweni kukagesi ngokulandelana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, azisimbozi isikhala esingaphezulu kwephuzu, okuqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa okulinganayo komlilo ovela kunhlansi. Ngenxa yalokhu, umthwalo ezindongeni zepiston ulinganisela.
Abanye abanikazi bezimoto bathi ngemuva kokufaka amakhandlela e-multi-electrode, baqaphele okulandelayo:
- azikho izinkinga ngokuqala imoto ngisho nasebusika;
- ukwanda kwamandla enjini ngo-2-3%;
- ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngo-0,4-1,5%;
- amagesi e-exhaust ehle ngo-4-5%.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinjini zenzelwe ukuxhumana okukodwa nendawo ye "petal" ngaphezulu kwephuzu, ukuze ukukhishwa kuhambisane ne-eksisi. Amanye ama-motor adinga imvume eseceleni. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha imodeli efanelekayo kufanele kwenziwe kanye nochwepheshe, ngaphandle kwalokho izinkinga zizovela ekusebenzeni kwemoto.
