Iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu yendiza

Ukuthengwa nokugunyazwa kwendiza ye-F-16 Jastrząb enezinjongo eziningi kube yisinyathelo esikhulu nesibaluleke kakhulu ekwakheni ikhono lokuvikela lase-Poland kanye ne-North Atlantic Alliance.

IPoland yangeniswa ku-NATO mhla ziyi-12 kuNdasa 1999, isikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-50 seNorth Atlantic Treaty Organisation, engqungqutheleni ekhethekile eWashington. Ngaphezu kwePoland, iCzech Republic neHungary zamukelwa ku-North Atlantic Alliance. Embuthweni Wezempi Nezokuvikela Emoyeni (kusukela ngoJulayi 1, 2004 - Amasosha Asemoyeni), ukujoyina i-NATO kwakusho ukuqinisa imisebenzi okuhloswe ngayo ukufeza ukusebenzisana, njengoba inhloso enkulu ye-Polish Armed Forces, okuhlanganisa ne-Air Defence Forces, kwakuwukuthola ukusebenzisana ngokugcwele I-NATO Allied Forces ngesikhathi sokusebenza kokubili ePoland nakwelinye izwe le-Alliance, kanye nasendaweni yokumisa noma umkhankaso wokuthula oholwa yiNorth Atlantic Alliance.

Isici esibalulekile enqubweni yokufeza ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-Air Force kanye ne-Air Defense kwaba ukuhlonyiswa kwezindiza zokulwa zasePoland ngezindiza ezinendima eminingi ezihlangabezana nazo zonke izindinganiso ze-NATO. Kucatshangelwe izinketho eziningana zokuthola imishini enjalo, okuhlanganisa ukuthengwa kwezindiza ezinezinhloso eziningi ezingama-64 ze-F-16A / B kanye nokwenza kwazo zibe zesimanjemanje. Kwakuhlelwe ukuthi zitholwe eminyakeni embalwa ezayo. Lo mqondo ufakwe "Kuhlelo LukaHulumeni Lokuthuthukiswa Nokwenziwa Kwesimanje Kwezempi YasePoland ngo-1998-2021". Kwakuhlelwe ukuthi indiza yokuqala eyi-16 F-16A / B enezinjongo eziningi izotholwa yiPoland ngo-2002, futhi ibutho lezindiza elinamaqhinga elihlome ngazo lifinyelele ukulungela kokuqala ukusebenza ngonyaka ozayo futhi lithathe indawo yeqembu elikhona elabelwe i-NATO. Amandla okuphendula.

I-F-16 Jastrząb ingenye yezindiza zesimanje zokulwa ezinezinhloso eziningi ezisetshenziswa namuhla, ezibonakalise ezingxabanweni ezihlukahlukene ezihlomile, ezikwazi ukuthwala inani elikhulu lezikhali.

Ngo-2001, kwenziwa isinqumo esihlukile - ukuthengwa kwendiza yakamuva yokulwa. Ngemva kokwamukelwa kwesu elisha mhla ziyi-12 kuMbasa wezi-2001, izicelo zathunyelwa kuhulumeni waseFrance, e-United States nase-United Kingdom mayelana nokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuhlinzeka ngezindiza zesimanje ezinezinhloso eziningi. Ngomhla zi-2 kuMeyi 2001, uhulumeni wasePoland wathumela ngokushesha ku-Sejm isenzo esisalungiswa "Uhlelo lokuhlomisa amabutho ahlomile asePoland ngezindiza ezinezinjongo eziningi." Umthetho wamukelwa ngoJuni 22, 2001 futhi uhlinzekele imigomo yenkontileka. Lokhu kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuqala umzuliswano wesibili wezingxoxo mayelana nokukhethwa kwendiza enezinhloso eziningi yendiza yasePoland.

Ngo-2002, uhulumeni waphasisa isichibiyelo somthetho ekwakhiweni kohlelo lwesikhathi eside "Izisetshenziswa zasePoland Armed Forces ngezindiza ezinezinhloso eziningi". Ikakhulukazi, inani lezindiza ezihlelelwe ukuthengwa lishintshile - lisuka ku-64 laya ku-48, futhi uhlelo lokuthenga izindiza ezingu-16 ezisetshenzisiwe lushiywe. Isichibiyelo somthetho samukelwa yi-Saeima ngoMashi 20, 2002. Phakathi nezinyanga ezimbili, uMnyango Wezokuvikela kanye Nomnyango Wezomnotho wawuzonquma imigomo yeziphakamiso ezibophezelayo. Kuthiwa iPoland ihlose ukuthenga izindiza ezingama-36 ezingashadile nezingu-12 eziphindwe kabili. Kwaphinde kwagcizelelwa ukuthi lokhu akukona kakhulu mayelana nokuthengwa kwendiza ngokwazo, kodwa mayelana nokuthengwa kwamapulatifomu ezindiza (izindiza, uhlelo lokulwa oluhlakaniphile) ukuze kuhambisane nezinhlelo zesimanje: uphenyo lwenkundla yempi, ukutholwa okuhlosiwe kanye nokuhlonza, ukukhomba okuqondile, kanye nempi ye-electronic esebenzayo futhi engenzi lutho. Isici esibalulekile sethenda kwakuwumbandela wokulinganisa, okusho isinxephezelo esingu-XNUMX% ngezindleko zenkontileka.

NgoNovemba 13, 2002, izimvilophu ezineziphakamiso zavulwa ngokusemthethweni e-Air Force kanye ne-Air Defence Command: i-USA yasinika indiza ye-F-16C / D Block 52+ enezinjongo eziningi, iFrance - Mirage 2000-5 Mk 2, kanye neGreat Britain neSweden - JAS-39C / D Gripen. Ezinsukwini ezingama-45, ikhomishana yamathenda kwakufanele inqume ngokukhetha uhlobo oluthile. Ekucacisweni kwemibandela ebalulekile yenkontileka yokwethulwa kweziphakamiso zokugcina, iKhomishana yacacisa indlela okukhethwe ngayo isiphakamiso esizuzisa kakhulu. Esikalini samaphuzu ayi-100, abe: amaphuzu angama-45. - intengo yokunikezwa, amaphuzu angama-20 - ukusebenza kokusebenza, amaphuzu angama-20 - ukugcwaliseka kwezidingo zamaqhinga nezobuchwepheshe kanye namaphoyinti ayi-15. - nxephezela. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kweziphakamiso ezitholiwe, izinto ezingama-430 zahlolelwa ukuhambisana nezidingo zamaqhinga nezobuchwepheshe, okuhlanganisa:

• izici ezidingekayo mayelana nesivinini, ukuhamba kahle, ukusuka kanye nezidingo zokuhlala, ukugcina, ukwethembeka kanye nokuqina kwendiza;
• i-airframe, okuhlanganisa i-hydraulic, ugesi, amasistimu kaphethiloli, igiya lokuhlala, isistimu yokubhuleka, ukucindezela, isistimu yokuvikela umlilo kanye nesistimu yokushayela;
• izikhali zezindiza ezingenzeka kanye nohlelo lokulawula izikhali;
• amasistimu asebhodini: amasistimu okubonisa ulwazi endaweni yabalindi, amasistimu okuxhumana kanye nokudluliswa kwedatha, amasistimu okuzulazula, amasistimu okuhlonza "umngane noma isitha", amasistimu okuhlonza, okulandela umkhondo kanye nokuhlola, amasistimu okulawula indiza, ukubhaliswa okuzenzakalelayo kwemingcele yendiza kanye nemishini yokulwa;
• Uhlelo lokuhlenga abasebenzi kanye nohlelo lokusekela impilo;
• ukulwa nokusinda, isofthiwe yesistimu, ukuhlela umsebenzi kanye nohlelo lokubuyisela, ukuqeqeshwa kwezindiza nabasebenzi basemuva, ukuqeqeshwa kanye nemishini yokulingisa, izingxenye ezisele kanye nokusekelwa kwezobuchwepheshe.

Ngemva kokubuyekeza iziphakamiso zokugcina ezamukelwe, ikhomishana yamathenda yahambisa ezingcono kakhulu kuzo ukuze zigunyazwe kuNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke. Leso kwakuyisiphakamiso esathola amaphuzu amaningi, abalwa ngokuvumelana namafomula aqukethwe Ekucacisweni kwemibandela ebalulekile yenkontileka. Ukungena kophumelele kuthole amaphuzu angaphezu kwangu-90 kwangu-100 okungenzeka.

Ngomhla zingama-27 kuZibandlela wezi-2002, abamele amanxusa ezifundazwe ezibambe iqhaza kuthenda bathola ulwazi olubhaliwe mayelana nemiphumela yethenda ku-WLOP Command. Ngalo lolo suku, esithangamini sabezindaba, uNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke u-Jerzy Szmajdzinski umemezele ukuqedwa kwethenda kanye nokunqoba kwebhidi laseMelika lendiza ye-F-16C / D Block 52+ enezinjongo eziningi, eyalethwa abezokuvikela. kanye ne-Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) egameni likahulumeni wase-USA. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-Polish Air Force yaba umsebenzisi wama-24 (nesishiyagalolunye ku-NATO) we-F-16. Ngemuva kokukhethwa kwesiphakamiso saseMelika, izingxoxo ezinemininingwane zaqala ngezivumelwano zesinxephezelo (offset), ukusayinwa kwazo ngo-Ephreli 18, 2003 kwaholela esiphethweni esisemthethweni senkontileka yokuhlinzekwa kwama-F-36Cs angama-16 anesihlalo esisodwa kanye ne-12- isihlalo F-16Cs. indiza yendawo F-52D Block 16+. Yayinezivumelwano ezine eziqondile: zokuhlinzekwa kwe-F-3, ukuxhasa ngezimali ukuthenga, ukubolekwa kukahulumeni wase-US ngalokhu kuthenga, kanye nokuqalisa. Intengo yendiza, okuhlanganisa izikhali nemishini, yayingu-$478.