Abafowethu abahlanu abavela eFrance ingxenye yesi-2
Abazalwane abahlanu abavela eFrance. Umkhumbi wezempi ocwilayo othi "Bouvet" emdwebeni kaDiyarbakirilia Tahsin Bey. Ngemuva kukhona umkhumbi wezempi i-Gaulois.
Umlando wemikhumbi ngesikhathi sangaphambi kwempi wawungenasithakazelo esincane futhi ikakhulukazi wawuhlanganisa ukubamba iqhaza ekuqondisweni kwemikhumbi yaminyaka yonke kanye nokuthunyelwa kabusha kwemikhumbi phakathi kwamabutho aseMedithera naseNyakatho Squadron (enezisekelo eBrest naseCherbourg) ukuze isebenze icala lempi ngokumelene neGreat Britain. Kule mikhumbi yempi emihlanu echazwe, emibili yahlala enkonzweni kwaze kwaba yilapho kugqashuka iMpi Yezwe Yokuqala - iBouvet kanye neJoregiberri. Ezinye, ezatholwa uBrennus ngaphambi kwalokho, zahoxiswa ngo-April 1, 1914, lapho kunqunywa ukuthi kuphucwe izikhali uMassena, uCarnot noCharles Martel.
Amarekhodi esevisi kaCharles Martel
UCharles Martel waqala ukuhlola ijimu ngoMeyi 28, 1895, lapho ama-boilers exoshwa okokuqala, nakuba ikhomishana yokugunyaza yayisivele iqalile ukusebenza ngoFebhuwari walowo nyaka. Ukuhlolwa kokuqala okuboshiwe kwenziwa ekupheleni kukaSepthemba. Baqhubeke kwaze kwaba nguMeyi ngonyaka ozayo. May 21 "Charles Martel" waqala waya olwandle. Emikhunjini yaseFrance, ukuhlolwa kwezikhali kwakubaluleke kakhulu, njengoba kwakuwusuku lokuqedwa kwazo okwakuphawula ukwamukelwa komkhumbi ukuba usebenze. UCharles Martel wahlolwa kuqala ngezibhamu ezingama-47 mm, kwase kuba nezibhamu ezingama-305 mm kumnsalo nangemuva. Ekugcineni, kwahlolwa izikhali ezingama-274 mm neziphakathi. Ukuhlolwa kwezikhali zezikhali kwethulwa ngokusemthethweni ngoJanuwari 10, 1896. Ahamba ngendlela engagculisi, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezinga eliphansi lomlilo wezibhamu ezingama-305-mm nokungena komoya okwanele, okwenza inkonzo yokulwa ibe nzima. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, umkhumbi wempi, owawungakaqalwa ngokusemthethweni, wabamba iqhaza ngo-Okthoba 5-15, 1896 eCherbourg ekuvuselelweni kwezempi njengengxenye ye-Tsar Nicholas II.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa eduze kwaseBrest ekupheleni konyaka, umkhumbi wezempi waphahlazeka, waphahlazeka ngoDisemba 21. Kwakungekho kuvuza emkhunjini, kodwa umkhumbi wawudinga ukuhlolwa okubonwayo nokubongwa. Ngagcina senginamazinyo ambalwa. Ngomhla zi-5 kuNdasa ngonyaka olandelayo, uCharles Martel washaya ikhala lakhe etsheni ngenxa yokwehluleka kwesiteringi. Uqhwaku olugobile lwalungiswa eToulon ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.
Ekugcineni, ngo-August 2, 1897, uCharles Martel wafakwa enkonzweni, nakuba ebekwe izikhali, futhi waba yingxenye yebutho laseMedithera, ikakhulukazi ibutho lesi-3, kanye nemikhumbi yempi iMarceau neNeptune. U-Charles Martel waba yi-flagship futhi kule ndima wathatha isikhundla somkhumbi wezempi i-Magenta, owawusanda kubuyiselwa ukuze ulungiswe futhi uthuthukiswe kakhulu.
Ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca kwezikhali, ukunakwa kwadonselwa ekusebenzeni okungalungile kwe-hydraulic feeders yezibhamu ezingama-305-mm. Izibhamu eziphathwayo zilayishwe ngaphansi kwemizuzu emi-3. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umshini wokubacindezela wenza umsebenzi ofanayo imizuzwana engaphezu kuka-40 ubude. Enye inkinga kwaba amagesi ayimpuphu akhiwa ngemva kokudubula, anqwabelana emibhoshongweni yezikhali. Lapho iboshiwe e-Toulon, umoya onamandla wephula ichopho (kamuva lathathelwa indawo elifushane).
Phakathi kuka-April 14 no-16, 1898, uMongameli weRiphabhulikhi, F. F. Faure, wahamba ngomkhumbi i-Martel. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umkhumbi wezempi wabamba iqhaza emikhankasweni yokuqeqesha ngokuhlukana nanjengengxenye yeqembu lonke. Kusukela ngo-Okthoba 11 kuya ku-December 21, 1899, imikhumbi ye-squadron yaya emachwebeni aseLevant, ibiza emachwebeni aseGreece, eTurkey naseGibhithe.
UCharles Martel wehla emlandweni njengomkhumbi wempi wokuqala owenziwe nge-torpedoed (yebo, njengengxenye yokuzivocavoca) ngumkhumbi-ngwenya. Lesi sigameko senzeka ngo-Julayi 3, 1901, ngesikhathi kuqhubeka i-Ajaccio e-Corsica. U-Martell wahlaselwa umkhumbi-ngwenya omusha sha u-Gustave Zédé (usebenza kusukela ngo-1900). Ukusebenza kokuhlasela kwafakazelwa yi-warhead eyonakele ye-torpedo yokuqeqesha. UJoregiberri wacishe wagadla uGustave Zede, owayelandela emgqeni womkhumbi wempi. Lokhu kuhlasela kwabikwa kabanzi emaphephandabeni aseFrance nakwamanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi eBrithani.
