Hlola injini noma inkomba injini. Kusho ukuthini?
Ukukhanya kwenkomba yenjini, nakuba inhlaka, akufanele kuthathwe kalula. Uma ihlala ivuliwe, ingase ibonise inkinga enkulu yenjini. Yini okufanele siyenze lapho ikhanyisa emotweni yethu?
Kuphaneli yezinsimbi zemoto yesimanje, abakhiqizi babeka izibani ezimbalwa, ishumi nambili, noma ngisho nangaphezu kwamashumi amabili. Umsebenzi wabo ukubika ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukungasebenzi kolunye lwezinhlelo zemoto. Kuye ngokubaluleka kokwehluleka okungenzeka, izilawuli zinemibala ehlukene.
Izinkomba zolwazi zigqanyiswe ngokuluhlaza nangokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Zibonisa ukuthi i-chip ivuliwe. Okuphuzi kugcinelwe izibani zesignali. Ukuthungela kwabo kusho ukutholwa kwephutha kwenye yezinhlelo, noma ukusebenza kwayo okungalungile. Uma zihlale zikhanyisiwe, lokhu kuwuphawu lokubonana endaweni yokusebenzela. Ukungasebenzi kahle kakhulu kuboniswa yizinkomba ezibomvu. Ngokuvamile abonisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zemoto, njenge-brake noma i-lubrication system.
Inkomba yenjini iklanywe njengohlaka lwenjini ye-piston, futhi kwamanye amamodeli amadala kumane nje kungamagama athi "injini yokuhlola". Kwabonakala kuze kube phakade ezimotweni zanamuhla ngo-2001, lapho kwethulwa izinhlelo zokuzihlola eziphoqelekile. Ngamagama alula, umqondo wonke uwukugcwalisa zonke izinhlelo zemoto ngamakhulu ezinzwa ezidlulisa amasignali mayelana nokusebenza okulungile noma okungalungile kukhompuyutha ephakathi. Uma noma iyiphi yezinzwa ithola ukungasebenzi kahle kwengxenye noma ingxenye ehlolwayo, ibika ngokushesha lokhu. Ikhompyutha ibonisa ulwazi mayelana nalokhu ngendlela yokulawula okufanele okunikezwe iphutha.
Amaphutha ahlukaniswe abesikhashana futhi unomphela. Uma inzwa ithumela iphutha lesikhathi esisodwa elingabonakali kamuva, ikhompyutha ngokuvamile ivala ukukhanya ngemva kwesikhashana, isibonelo, ngemva kokucisha injini. Uma, ngemva kokuqalisa kabusha, inkomba ingaphumi, khona-ke sibhekene nokungasebenzi kahle. Lawula amakhompyutha athola ulwazi mayelana namaphutha ngendlela yamakhodi achazwe ngawodwana ngumkhiqizi ngamunye. Ngakho-ke, enkonzweni, ukuxhuma ikhompyutha yesevisi kusiza ukucacisa indawo yokuphuka, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokubonisa inkinga ethile.
Isibani senjini yokuhlola sinesibopho sanoma yiliphi iphutha elingahlobene nesibani esingaphansi kwe-hood. Iphuzi ngakho uma ikhanya awudingi ukwethuka. Njengezinye izilawuli, iphutha lapha lingaba elesikhashana noma libe unomphela. Uma iphuma ngemva kwesikhashana, lokhu kungase kusho, isibonelo, i-misfire eyodwa noma i-voltage ephansi kakhulu ekufakweni ekuqaleni. Okubi nakakhulu, ngoba ngemva kokuqala kabusha kuzoqhubeka nokuvutha. Lokhu kungase vele kubonise ukungasebenzi kahle, isibonelo, ukulimala kwe-lambda probe noma isiguquli se-catalytic. Akunakwenzeka ukungasinaki isimo esinjalo futhi, uma kungenzeka, kufanele uxhumane neshabhu ukuze uhlole amaphutha.
Ezimotweni ezinegesi ye-amateur, ukuvutha kwesheke kuvame ukungabi nalutho. Lokhu akuvamile futhi akufanele kwenzeke. Uma "injini yokuhlola" ivuliwe, sekuyisikhathi sokuvakashela "igesi", njengoba kudingekile ukulungisa, ngezinye izikhathi esikhundleni sezingxenye ezingahambelani.
Akuhlakaniphile ukushayela ukhanyisa ilambu lenjini ngaso sonke isikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma ungayazi imbangela. Lokhu kungabangela ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, ukungasebenzi kahle kwenjini, isistimu yesikhathi se-valve eguquguqukayo kuphela (uma ikhona), futhi, ngenxa yalokho, umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu. Udinga ukuya enkonzweni ngokushesha lapho ukukhanya kwenkomba ephuzi kuhambisana nenjini eya kumodi yesimo esiphuthumayo. Sithola ngemva kokwehla okukhulu kwamandla, ama-rev aphezulu akhawulelwe kanye nesivinini esiphezulu esilinganiselwe kakhulu. Lezi zimpawu ziwuphawu lwenkinga engathi sína, nakuba ngokuvamile ibangelwa i-valve ye-EGR enesici noma ukungasebenzi kahle ohlelweni lokuthungela.
Ulwazi olubalulekile kulabo abazothenga imoto eke yasetshenziswa. Ngemuva kokuvula ukhiye endaweni yokuqala noma ezimotweni ezinenkinobho yokumisa, ngemuva kokucindezela inkinobho kafushane ngaphandle kokucindezela i-clutch pedal (noma ibhuleki ku-automatic transmission), wonke amalambu ephaneli yezinsimbi kufanele akhanyise. zikhanyise, bese ezinye zazo zicime ngaphambi kokuba injini iqale. Lesi yisikhathi sokuhlola ukuthi ilambu lenjini liyakhanya yini. Abanye abathengisi abanomgunyathi bayayivala lapho bengakwazi ukulungisa inkinga futhi bahlose ukuyifihla. Ukukhubaza noma yiziphi izilawuli kuwuphawu lokuthi imoto kungenzeka ibe sengozini enkulu futhi isitolo sokulungisa esiyilungisile asikwazanga ukuyilungisa ngokomsebenzi. Ezimotweni ezinomshini wokufaka igesi, lokhu kungase kusho ukufaka i-emulator enesibopho sokucisha ukukhanya "okunamandla". Imishini enjalo ene-berth ebanzi igwenywa kangcono.
