Ama-prototypes amathangi aphakathi kwamaShayina kusukela kuma-70s kanye nama-80s

I-Prototype "1224" enemodeli yombhoshongo nezikhali.

Ulwazi ngomlando wezikhali zamaShayina alukapheleli kakhulu. Asekelwe kumazwibela wezindaba ezishicilelwe komagazini bokuzilibazisa baseShayina naku-inthanethi. Njengomthetho, ayikho indlela yokuzihlola. Abahlaziyi nababhali baseNtshonalanga bavame ukuphinda lolu lwazi ngokungakhethi, ngokuvamile bengeze izibikezelo zabo kulo, okwenza kube nokubukeka kokwethembeka. Okuwukuphela kwendlela enokwethenjelwa ngokunengqondo yokuqinisekisa imininingwane iwukuhlaziya izithombe ezitholakalayo, kodwa kwezinye izimo nazo ziyivelakancane kakhulu. Lokhu kusebenza, ikakhulukazi, emiklameni yokuhlola kanye nezibonelo zemishini yamandla aphansi (ngezindiza nemikhumbi engcono kancane). Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, i-athikili elandelayo kufanele ibonakale njengomzamo wokufingqa ulwazi olutholakalayo futhi uyihlole ngokujulile. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi ulwazi oluqukethe aluphelele, futhi ezinye izihloko azikho ngenxa yokushoda kwanoma yiluphi ulwazi.

Imboni yezikhali zaseShayina yaqala ngokuqaliswa ngo-1958 kokukhiqizwa e-Baotous Plant No. 617, eyakhiwe futhi ifakwe ngokugcwele yi-USSR. Eyokuqala futhi iminyaka eminingi umkhiqizo kuphela kwaba amathangi T-54, eyayinegama lendawo Uhlobo 59. Isinqumo iziphathimandla Soviet ukudlulisa imibhalo kanye nobuchwepheshe uhlobo olulodwa kuphela ithangi sasihambisana imfundiso Ibutho lamaSoviet langaleso sikhathi, eyenqaba ukuthuthukisa amathangi esindayo futhi esindayo, kanye amathangi ukukhanya, egxile amathangi medium.

Okuwukuphela kwesibonelo esisindile sethangi elisindayo elingu-111.

Kwakukhona esinye isizathu: ibutho elincane le-PRC lalidinga inani elikhulu lezikhali zanamuhla, futhi amashumi eminyaka ezimpahla eziqinile ayedingeka ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zawo. Izinhlobonhlobo ezeqile zemishini ekhiqiziwe ingenza ukukhiqizwa kwayo kube nzima futhi kunciphise ukusebenza kahle.

Nokho, abaholi baseShayina babenethemba elikhulu futhi babenganeliseki ngokudiliva okuncane kwezinye izimoto ezihlomile: amathangi asindayo e-IS-2M, i-SU-76, i-SU-100 kanye ne-ISU-152 yezikhali ezizihambelayo, nezithwala izikhali ezihlomile. Lapho ubudlelwano ne-USSR buphole kakhulu ekuqaleni kwawo-60, kwenziwa isinqumo sokukhiqiza izikhali eziklanyelwe thina. Lo mbono awukwazanga ukuqaliswa ngesikhathi esifushane, hhayi nje ngenxa yamandla anganele wezimboni, kodwa, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ngenxa yobuthakathaka nokungabi nolwazi kwama-design bureaus. Naphezu kwalokhu, kwenziwa izinhlelo zokuvelela, imisebenzi yasatshalaliswa futhi kwabekwa nezinsuku ezimfushane kakhulu zokuqaliswa kwazo. Emkhakheni wezikhali ezihlomile, imiklamo yenzelwe ithangi elisindayo - iphrojekthi 11, ephakathi - iphrojekthi 12, elula - iphrojekthi 13 kanye ne-ultralight one - iphrojekthi 14.

I-Project 11 bekufanele ibe yi-analogue ye-Soviet T-10 futhi, njengaye, isebenzise izixazululo ezihlolwe emishinini yomndeni we-IS. Izimoto eziningana ezibhalwe ukuthi "111" zakhiwe - lezi zaziyizikhukhula ze-IS-2 ezinde ezinamasondo ayisikhombisa agijimayo, okwakungakhiwanga ngisho nokwakhiwa kwemibhoshongo, kodwa kwafakwa isisindo sazo kuphela. Izimoto zihluke ngemininingwane yokumiswa kokumiswa, kwakuhlelwe ukuhlola izinhlobo eziningana zezinjini. Njengoba lesi sakamuva asikwazanga ukuklanywa nokwakhiwa, izinjini ezivela ku-IS-2 zafakwa "isikhashana". Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwenkundla yokuqala yayidumaza kakhulu, futhi inani elikhulu lomsebenzi okwakusamelwe wenziwe ladikibalisa abenzi bezinqumo - lolu hlelo lwakhanselwa.

Kafushane nje umsebenzi we-super lightweight 141. Ngokungangabazeki, yathonywa intuthuko efanayo yangaphandle, ikakhulukazi umbhubhisi wamathangi e-Komatsu Type-60 kanye ne-American Ontos. Umqondo wokusebenzisa izibhamu ezinjalo ezingenasici njengoba isikhali esiyinhloko asizange sisebenze kunoma yiliphi lala mazwe, futhi e-China, umsebenzi waqedwa ekwakhiweni kwababonisi bezobuchwepheshe abanezibhamu zezibhamu. Ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, omunye umshini wathuthukiswa, lapho ukufakwa imicibisholo anti-tank guided HJ-73 (ikhophi 9M14 "Malyutka") iziqhumane ezimbili.