Ikhanda gasket. Idinga ukushintshwa nini futhi ibiza malini?
Kunezimo ezinzima kakhulu lapho ikhanda lixhumeka ku-cylinder block. Uphawu olufakwe lapho aluhlali lumelana nokucindezela okukhulu nezinga lokushisa, nakuba luhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo, izindleko zokulungisa zingangena ezinkulungwaneni ze-PLN.
I-cylinder head gasket iyisici esilula futhi esishibhile. Endabeni yezimoto ezidumile, inani layo alidluli i-PLN 100. Kodwa-ke, idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu enjinini, idrayivu ayikwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kwayo. Sikhuluma ngokuqinisekisa ukucinana kwendawo yokusebenza ngaphezu kwepiston nokuvala imigudu kawoyela nokupholisa. Ngamandla aphezulu kanye nezinjini ezi-turbocharged, i-gasket yekhanda ingenziwa ngokuphelele ngensimbi (insimbi engagqwali, ithusi), futhi emaphethelweni lapho ithintana namasilinda, ingaba nama-flange akhethekile, amancane aguga ngokufanele ngemva kokuqinisa ikhanda futhi ahlinzeke ngokuhlukile. ukubekwa uphawu okuhle. Ngisho ne-gasket evamile ine-elasticity ethile nokukhubazeka, ngenxa yokuthi, lapho ikhanda liqiniswa, ligcwalisa ukungahambi kahle kwe-cylinder block kanye nekhanda le-cylinder.
Abahleli batusa: Izimoto eziphezulu ezingama-30 ezinokusheshisa okuhle kakhulu
Ngokwethiyori, i-cylinder head gasket ingahlala impilo yonke yenjini. Kodwa umkhuba uhluke ngokuphelele. Izimo zokusebenza zeyunithi yokushayela azihlali zilungile. Isibonelo, izinjini zithwala kanzima ngabasebenzisi ngaphambi kokuba zifinyelele izinga lokushisa elidingekayo. Noma ubhekene nemithwalo yesikhathi eside eshisayo uma ushayela ezintabeni noma emigwaqweni yezimoto. Kukhona nalezo ezinikwa amandla ukufakwa kwe-HBO ngaphandle kokulinganisa okufanele. Kunoma ikuphi, ngisho nokufakwa kwe-HBO okulinganiswe kahle ngaphandle kokulungiselela kahle isistimu yokupholisa kwandisa izinga lokushisa emagumbini omlilo futhi kubeke engozini i-gasket. Ungakwazi futhi ukwengeza ukuguqulwa kokushuna okungenziwanga ngobungcweti enjinini. Kuzo zonke lezi zimo, injini ingashisa ngisho nakwenye yamasilinda. I-gasket ayimelani nokucindezeleka okushisayo futhi iqala ukushisa. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka emphinjeni phakathi kwamasilinda. Ukuthungela kancane kancane ekugcineni kuholela ekuvuthweni kwamagesi anengxube yamafutha omoya kanye namagesi akhipha umoya phakathi kwe-gasket, i-cylinder block kanye ne-cylinder head.
Njengoba yonke i-gasket ilahlekelwa ukuqina kwayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuvuza kokupholisa kanye nowoyela wenjini kwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, esigabeni sokuqala, ukulimala kwekhanda le-cylinder gasket kubonakala kuphela ekusebenzeni okungalingani kwenjini ebandayo kanye "nokulahlekelwa" kwejubane elingenalutho. Ngezinguquko ezinkulu ekushiseni kwenjini kanye nokuba buthakathaka kweyunithi yamandla ngokwakhiwa kwentuthu emhlophe evela ekuphumeni, ukuba khona kwamafutha ethangini lokunweba lesistimu yokupholisa (kanye nokulahlekelwa uketshezi), ukuba khona kokupholisa emafutheni - asiye eshabhu ngokushesha okukhulu. Umakhenikha uzoqinisekisa ukwehluleka kwe-gasket ngokukala ukucindezela kokucindezela kumasilinda futhi ahlole ukuba khona kwe-carbon dioxide ethangini lokunweba lesistimu yokupholisa.
Bheka futhi: Ungawanakekela kanjani amathayi akho?
Kukhona amamodeli ezimoto lapho i-cylinder head gasket ivutha kalula kalula futhi nangaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokusebenza i-gasket yonakaliswa. Kunezizathu ezihlukahlukene zokuthi lo mkhuba uhluleke. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kubangelwa ukushelela kwe-cylinder liner, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngenxa yokucindezela okukhulu kwe-gasket, isibonelo, ngenxa yamabanga amancane kakhulu phakathi kwamasilinda. Kungase futhi kube ngenxa yokwakheka okungalungile kwayo yonke injini, ejwayele ukushisa ngokweqile.
Ukushintsha i-cylinder head gasket kuwumsebenzi olula futhi oshibhile kuphela ezinjinini ezine-stroke kanye nezinjini ezine-stroke ezine-valve engezansi. Kodwa azisetshenziswa ezimotweni zesimanje. Izinjini ezivame ukukhiqizwa namuhla zingamadizayini ama-valve angaphezulu lapho ama-multifolders e-exhaust efakwa khona ekhanda le-cylinder. Isistimu yesikhathi abavame ukuyithola ekhanda, futhi ukushayela kwayo kuqhutshwa yi-crankshaft. Yingakho ukufaka esikhundleni se-gasket ekhanda kuwumsebenzi odla isikhathi futhi obiza kakhulu. Akudingekile kuphela ukuhlakaza nokuhlanganisa ikhanda le-cylinder ngokwayo, kodwa futhi ukuhlakaza nokuhlanganisa kabusha ama-manifolds kanye nedrayivu yesikhathi. Kulokhu kufanele kwengezwe izinyathelo ezengeziwe kanye nezinto ezidingekayo ngokuvamile lapho ushintsha ikhanda. Lezi, ngokwesibonelo, izikhonkwane ezinamantongomane okuqinisa ikhanda le-cylinder ku-cylinder block, okufanele kushintshwe amasha (amadala anwetshiwe futhi athambekele ekuqhekekeni). Noma amabhawodi afakayo amaningi, avame ukuphuka uma uzama ukuwakhulula (anamathele ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu). Amabhawodi aphukile kumele akhishwe ekhanda, okubuye kuthathe isikhathi seshabhu. Kungase futhi kuvele ukuthi ikhanda liye lasonteka ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile futhi kudinga ukuhlela ukubuyisela indawo eyisicaba ngokuphelele nokuqinisekisa ukuqina.
Ngisho noma konke kuhamba kahle, ukufaka esikhundleni se-gasket endaweni yokusebenzela yangasese kuzonciphisa isikhwama sakho semali ngo-PLN 300-1000 kuye ngosayizi nomklamo wenjini. Izingxenye zizobiza i-PLN 200-300, futhi izinyathelo ezengeziwe zingabiza enye i-PLN 100. Uma udaba luseduze nokushintsha izingxenye zesikhathi, udinga ukwengeza enye i-PLN 300-600 yezingxenye ezisele kanye ne-PLN 100-400 yomsebenzi. Lapho injini iyinkimbinkimbi futhi ingafinyeleleki kancane, amanani entengo aphezulu. Endabeni yezimoto ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezinezinjini ezinkulu eziyinkimbinkimbi, amanani angaba phezulu nakakhulu.
