Ukubuka konke kwe-PRO-2019

Isiqalisi se-THAAD ngesikhathi sokudubula. Uhlelo, lapho u-Lockheed Martin ehlinzeka ngemicibisholo, kanye namarada eRaytheon AN/TPY-2 abonakale eyimpumelelo.

uhlelo olunamandla athile okuthekelisa. Ukuphela kweSivumelwano se-INF kungasiza ukuthengisa i-THAAD kwamanye amazwe.

NgoJanuwari 17, 2019, uMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-US ushicilele Ukubuyekezwa Kwezokuvikela Ezicitshwayo. Lo mbhalo womphakathi uchaza inqubomgomo yabaphathi baseMelika emelene nepolitiki eyamukelwa abaphathi bakaMongameli uDonald Trump. Ukubuyekezwa, nakuba okujwayelekile, kuyathakazelisa ngoba kusivumela ukuba sihlole imiphumela yokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokuzivikela ezicitshwayo ze-ballistic zaseMelika kusukela ekubukeni kweminyaka engamashumi amabili. Futhi futhi iqinisekisa-esikhundleni sokungaqondile-izinhloso zangempela zeWashington nokukhetha endleleni yayo yokuhambisana nezivumelwano zokuncishiswa kwezikhali ngeMpi Yomshoshaphansi.

I-2019 Missile Defense Review (MDR) iyathakazelisa ngezinye izizathu eziningi, ezincane. Uma nje ngoba lokhu kuyidokhumenti yokuqala yalesi sigaba esayinwe nguNobhala omusha wezokuvikela uPatrick M. Shanahan, owangena esikhundleni sikaJames Mattis ngoJanuwari. Kodwa-ke, iningi le-MDR kwadingeka ukuthi lidalwe ngaphansi kobuholi bukamanduleli wayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukudideka ngokwesula noma ukuxoshwa kuka-James Mattis, njengoba kungase kuchaze umhlali wamanje we-White House, okungenzeka kwabambezela ukushicilelwa kwe-MDR. Kwezinye izindawo kunezitatimende eziphawulekayo mayelana nemisebenzi ehleliwe (ukuhlola, ukukhiqiza, njll.) ngo-2018, okuthi, nakuba sekwephuzile, ku-MDR ayinalo ulwazi mayelana nokuqaliswa kwalezi zinhlelo, noma okungenani izinkomba zokuthi zikhona yini - imizamo ngokuvamile yahlangabezana nezinsuku zokugcina. Kunjengokungathi i-MDR iwukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo esikhathini eside.

Ngeke sigxile ezindabeni zezombangazwe esezishiwo ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko. Yize iMDR igcwele bona. Eqinisweni, kungaphezu kwesizathu senqubomgomo yezikhali yase-US kune-akhawunti yokuthuthukiswa kwesistimu. Ngakho-ke, ake sikhumbule izimpikiswano ezithakazelisa kakhulu ezisetshenziswa ababhali be-MDR.

Ukuzivikela nakho ukuhlasela

I-Pentagon ikhombisa ukuthi i-MDR emenyezelwe isuselwe ekuqageleni kwe-2017 kanye ne-2018 National Defence Strategy (NDS) futhi ihambisana nezincomo ezivela ku-Nuclear Posture Review (NPR) yangonyaka odlule. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngomgomo. I-2018 NDP ize isebenzise ezinye ze-infographics mayelana namazwe amane iWashington ibheka izitha zayo.

I-MDR 2019 yadalwa: […] ukuze kulwisane nosongo lwemicibisholo olukhulayo oluvela ezifundazweni ezinobudlova namandla okubukezwa kabusha kithi, esibambisene nabo kanye nozakwethu, okuhlanganisa imicibisholo ecitshwayo, imicibisholo ye-cruise kanye nemicibisholo ye-hypersonic. Silulumagama kanye neluhlelo lwelulwimi lwalelibinzana - njengokungathi livela enkulumweni kaComrade Wieslaw noma uGeorge W. Bush - liyathandeka kangangokuthi asizange senqabe ukuzicaphuna. Kunoma yikuphi, yonke i-MDR ibhalwe ngalolu limi. Vele, "izifunda ezibomvu" yi-Islamic Republic of Iran kanye neDemocratic People's Republic of Korea, futhi "amandla okuhlaziya" yiRussian Federation kanye nePeople's Republic of China.

Kepha ake sibeke eceleni ulimi lwenkulumo-ze yezepolitiki, ngoba i-MDR 2019 inezimangalo eziningi eziphoqayo. Sesivele sibeke ulimi olucacile ekuqaleni lapho uhlelo lokuvikela imicibisholo yaseMelika luqondiswe kuye - ngokumelene neRussia neChina. Osopolitiki baseRussia (futhi mhlawumbe nosopolitiki baseShayina) ekugcineni banelisekile ukuthi umbhalo othile kahulumeni wase-US uqinisekisa izinsolo zabo zeminyaka mayelana nezizathu zokuhoxiswa okuhlangene kwe-US esivumelwaneni se-ABM sango-1972. Kungani iWashington ihlala iphika kuze kube manje.

Esinye isici esithakazelisayo se-MDR ukuthi isho ngokucacile ukuthi imfundiso ye-anti-ballistic missile yamanje yase-US (noma i-anti-ballistic missile ebanzi) iqukethe izingxenye ezintathu. Esokuqala siwukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo ezivikela ngokuqinile okufanele zibone futhi zicekele phansi imicibisholo yesitha lapho zindiza ngaphambi kokuba zifinyelele lapho ziqondiswe khona. Okwesibili yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukuvikelwa kwe-passive, okuzokuvumela ukuthi ubhekane nemiphumela yaleyo micibisholo yesitha efinyelela e-United States (sizokweqa lesi sihloko, sikhuluma nje ngokuzivikela komphakathi, okuyi-FEMA enesibopho sayo). Ingxenye yesithathu yale mfundiso iwukushaya izikhali zamasu zalezi zitha “phakathi kwezingxabano.” Lesi sihloko naso asithuthukisiwe kakhulu ku-MDR, kodwa kucatshangwa ukuthi sikhuluma ngeziteleka ezivamile zokuvimbela ngezikhali ezikhona noma izikhali ezintsha. Kulolu daba lwakamuva sikhuluma ngalokho okubizwa nge-PGS (Prompt Global Strike, WiT 6/2018). Sigcizelela ukuthi igama elithi “ukuhola” liwukuhumusha kwethu, futhi i-MDR ayilisho kanjalo. Futhi akusho ukuthi lesi isiteleka senuzi sangaphambi kokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ababhali be-MDR basola iRussia ngokuqondile ngezinhlelo ezinjalo - isiteleka sokuqala senuzi. Ukuthi iWashington imiqondo yayo yezempi eRussia ibilokhu yenzeka isikhathi eside, kodwa sizohlaziya lokhu kuqagela ngesinye isikhathi. Ake siqaphele kuphela ukuthi umbono mayelana nokwenzeka kokuqeda ingxenye ebalulekile yezikhali ze-thermonuclear zaseRussia noma zaseChina (isibonelo, iziqhumane zemicibisholo engaphansi komhlaba) kuphela ngezikhali ezivamile unethemba elikhulu.