Izimbangela zokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuphezulu enjinini kadizili

Izinjini ze-diesel ekwakhiweni kwazo azifani kakhulu nezinjini zikaphethiloli - kuneqembu elifanayo le-cylinder-piston, izinduku zokuxhuma ezifanayo kanye ne-crankshaft. Umehluko wonke ulele endleleni uphethiloli nomoya ohlinzekwa ngayo emakamelweni avuthayo ama-piston - umoya ongaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu uvutha futhi ngalesi sikhathi uphethiloli we-diesel ungena ekamelweni bese kwenzeka ukuqhuma, okubangela ukuba ama-piston anyakaze.

Abashayeli abaningi bakhala ngokuthi izinjini zabo zikadizili zidla uphethiloli. Ukuqonda le nkinga kunzima kakhulu. Isizathu singaba silula kakhulu - udinga ukufaka esikhundleni sikaphethiloli kanye nezihlungi zomoya, noma okunzima kakhulu - ngenxa yokusebenzisa uphethiloli wedizili ongahlanzwanga kahle, ama-nozzles nama-injection avaliwe, ingcindezi kumaphampu kaphethiloli ophakeme (TNVD) ilahlekile.

Ezinye izincomo.

Uma ubona ukuthi ikhompuyutha ikhombisa ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli we-diesel, bese uhlola kuqala isimo sesihlungi. Susa isihlungi somoya bese uzama ukubheka kuso ekukhanyeni - izimbobo ezincane kufanele zibonakale. Uma kungenjalo, sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha isihlungi somoya.

Isihlungi sikaphethiloli siyashintshwa ngemuva kokushayelwa inombolo ethile yamakhilomitha. Uma ugcwalisa egalaji elihle likaphethiloli, futhi ungathengi uphethiloli wedizili kumuntu oshibhile, bheka ukuthi imiyalelo ithini ngokushintsha isihlungi sikaphethiloli. Nakuba ukufaka esikhundleni sesici esibalulekile njengesihlungi akulimazi. Ngendlela, lesi yisisombululo esishibhile nesilula kakhulu senkinga.

Iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha okufanele kwamafutha enjini. Ezinjini ze-diesel, amafutha e-viscosity aphansi asetshenziswa, ngaphezu kwalokho, amathini abakhiqizi abaziwayo ahlala ebonisa ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezinjini ezihloselwe uwoyela. Uma amafutha ane-viscosity ephansi, khona-ke kulula ukuthi ama-piston ahambe, i-slag encane kanye nesilinganiso kwakhiwa.

Ungakwazi futhi ukunquma imbangela ngokuthi qeda umbala. Ngokufanelekile, kufanele ibe luhlaza kancane. Uma kukhona umusi omnyama, izinkinga zitholakala ngesikhathi sokuqala - lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi okungenani sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha izindandatho ze-piston futhi noma yikuphi ukungcola kuhlezi ebusweni bamasilinda. Gcoba umunwe wakho ngaphakathi kwepayipi lokukhipha umoya - kufanele kube nenhlabathi eyomile nempunga. Uma ubona umule onamafutha, bheka imbangela enjinini.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izwakala incithakalo kangakanani, kodwa ngokuvamile ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kwenjini kadizili nakho kuhlotshaniswa neqiniso lokuthi amasondo ashaywe umoya kancane futhi kuningi ukumelana nokugingqika. Kulokhu, udinga ukuhlola ingcindezi yesondo futhi uyibuyisele esimweni esijwayelekile. Futhi, ushintsho ku-aerodynamics kungesinye isizathu sokwanda kokusetshenziswa. Isibonelo, ngamafasitela aseceleni avulekile, inkomba ye-aerodynamic iyancipha, futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, kunethuba eliphezulu lokubamba umkhuhlane ohlakeni.

Okokusebenza kwe-Fuel

Imishini kadizili iyindawo ebuhlungu. Uhlelo lomjovo luyahlupheka ikakhulukazi uma ufaka uphethiloli ngekhwalithi ephansi. Imibhobho inikezela ngenani elilinganiselwe likadizili emakamelweni avuthayo. Uma izihlungi zingakwazi ukubhekana nokuhlanza, khona-ke kunamathuba amaningi okuvala ama-sprayer nama-plunger pair, lapho yonke into ilinganiswa engxenyeni yokugcina yemilimitha.

Uma imbangela iyimibhobho evalekile, ungasebenzisa isicoci se-injector, ethulwa nge-assortment enkulu kunoma yisiphi isiteshi segesi. Ithuluzi elinjalo limane lengezwe ku-tank futhi kancane kancane lenza umsebenzi walo wokuhlanza ama-nozzles, futhi yonke imfucuza isuswa kanye namagesi okukhipha.

Uma umklamo wenjini yakho uhlinzeka ngokusetshenziswa kabusha kwamagesi okukhipha umoya, okungukuthi, kuwufanele i-turbine, bese ukhumbula ukuthi uphethiloli wedizili uyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwawo. I-turbine kwamanye amamodeli ingacishwa, nakuba lokhu kuholela ekwehleni kokudonsa, kodwa uma ushayela uzungeze idolobha kuphela futhi ungenzi lutho esiminyaminyeni sezimoto, udinga ukucabanga ngalokho okubaluleke kakhulu - ukusetshenziswa ukonga noma ukudonsa okungukuthi ezingadingeki ezimweni ezinjalo.

Nokho, esinye sezizathu ezivame kakhulu Izinkinga ze-elekthronikhi. Izinzwa ziphakela idatha ehlanekezelwe ku-CPU, okuwumphumela wokuthi ikhompuyutha iguqule umjovo kaphethiloli ngendlela engafanele futhi kusetshenziswe uphethiloli owengeziwe.

Njengoba ubona, ezinye izinkinga zingaxazululwa ngokwethu, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungcono ukuya ekuxilongweni futhi uyeke ukubulala udizili wakho.

Iyalayisha...