Imithetho Yomgwaqo. Isimo sobuchwepheshe bezimoto nemishini yazo.
31.1
Isimo sobuchwepheshe bezimoto nemishini yazo kufanele ihambisane nezidingo zamazinga ahlobene nokuphepha emgwaqeni kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, kanye nemithetho yokusebenza kwezobuchwepheshe, imiyalo yabakhiqizi neminye imibhalo elawula kanye nezobuchwepheshe.
31.2
Akuvunyelwe ukusebenza ngamabhasi amatroli namathilamu lapho kukhona ukungasebenzi kahle okuchazwe emithethweni yokusebenza kwezobuchwepheshe kwalezi zimoto.
31.3
Ukusebenza kwezimoto akuvunyelwe ngokomthetho:
| a) | esimweni sokwenza noma ukuguqula kwazo kwephula izidingo zamazinga, imithetho kanye nemithethonqubo ephathelene nokuphepha emgwaqeni; |
| b) | uma bengakaludlulisi ulawulo oluyimpoqo lobuchwepheshe (bezimoto ezingaphansi kwalolo lawulo); |
| c) | uma amapuleti ezilayisensi engahlangabezani nezidingo zamazinga afanele; |
| d) | uma kwenzeka kwephulwa inqubo yokusungulwa nokusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi akhethekile wokukhanya nawomsindo. |
31.4
Akuvunyelwe ukusebenza kwezimoto ngokuya komthetho uma kukhona ukungasebenzi kahle okunjalo nokungalandelwa kwalezi zidingo:
Amasistimu we-Braking:
| a) | ukwakheka kwamabhuleki kushintshiwe, kusetshenziswe amabhuleki fluid, amayunithi noma izingxenye ezithile ezinganikezelwanga imodeli yezimoto noma ezingazifezi izidingo zomkhiqizi; | ||||||||||||||||||
| b) | amanani alandelayo ayedlulwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komgwaqo kohlelo lokuhlenga amabhulokhi:
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| Inani elijwayelekile lebanga lamabhuleki lezimoto ezenziwe ngaphambi kuka-1988 livunyelwe ukweqa kungeqi ngaphezu kwamaphesenti ayishumi enani elinikezwe etafuleni. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amanothi: 1. Ukuhlolwa kwesistimu ye-brake yokusebenza kwenziwa engxenyeni evundlile yomgwaqo enosimende obushelelezi, owomile, ohlanzekile noma ukhonkolo we-asphalt ngesivinini semoto ekuqaleni kokubhuleka: 40 km / h - ngezimoto, amabhasi nomgwaqo. izitimela; I-30 km/h - yezithuthuthu, i-mopeds ngendlela yomthelela owodwa kuma-control system amabhuleki. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ibhekwa njengengagculisi uma, ngesikhathi sokubhuleka, imoto iphenduka i-engeli engaphezu kuka-8 degrees noma ithatha umzila ongaphezu kuka-3,5 m. 2... Ibanga lamabhuleki lilinganiswa kusukela ngesikhathi ucindezela ibhuleki (isibambo) lokuma kwebhuthi emotweni; | |||||||||||||||||||
| c) | ukuqina kwe-hydraulic brake drive kwephuliwe; | ||||||||||||||||||
| d) | ukuqina kwe-pneumatic noma i-pneumohydraulic brake drive kwephuliwe, okuholela ekwehleni kwengcindezi yomoya lapho injini icishiwe ngaphezulu kwe-0,05 MPa (0,5 kgf / sq. cm) ngemizuzu eyi-15 lapho kulawulwa izilawuli zamabhuleki; | ||||||||||||||||||
| e) | ingcindezi ye-pneumatic noma i-pneumohydraulic brake drive ayisebenzi; | ||||||||||||||||||
| d) | uhlelo lwamabhuleki okupaka, lapho injini inqanyuliwe ekudluliseni, ayiqinisekisi isimo esimile:
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| e) | isigwedlo (isibambo) sohlelo lwamabhuleki okupaka asivale endaweni yokusebenza; |
Ukuqondisa 31.4.2
| a) | ukudlala okuphelele kungaphezu kwamanani wemikhawulo alandelayo:
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| b) | kukhona ukunyakaza okubambekayo kwezingxenye nezingxenye zokuqondisa noma ukunyakaza kwazo okuhlobene nomzimba (i-chassis, cab, ifreyimu) yemoto, enganikezwanga ngumklamo; ukuxhumeka okuhlanganisiwe kukhululekile noma akulungisiwe kahle; | ||||||||||||
| c) | Ukulimala noma ukulahleka kwesitimela samandla esakhiwo noma i-damper yokuqondisa (ezithuthuthu); | ||||||||||||
| d) | Izingxenye ezineminonjana yokushiyeka okusalile kanye nokunye ukukhubazeka zifakwa esiteringini, kanye nezingxenye noketshezi olusebenzayo olunganikezelwanga le modeli yemoto noma engahlangabezani nezidingo zomkhiqizi; |
31.4.3 Izinsimbi zokukhanyisa zangaphandle:
| a) | inombolo, uhlobo, umbala, ukubekwa kanye nendlela yokusebenza kwamadivayisi wokukhanyisa angaphandle akuhlangabezani nezidingo zedizayini yezimoto; |
| b) | ukulungiswa kwelambu kuphukile; |
| c) | isibani se-headlight yangakwesobunxele asikhanyi kumodi ye-beam ephansi; |
| d) | akukho okungafani kumadivayisi wokukhanyisa noma ama-diffusers namalambu asetshenzisiwe angahambelani nohlobo lwale divayisi yokukhanyisa; |
| e) | okwehlukaniswa kwamadivayisi wokukhanyisa kunamabala noma kufakwe umbala, okunciphisa ukubonakala kwawo noma ukudluliswa kokukhanya. |
Amanothi:
- Izithuthuthu (ama-moped) zingafakwa ngokwengeziwe ngelambu elilodwa lenkungu, nezinye izimoto ezinezimbili. Amalambu enkungu kufanele okungenani abe ngu-250mm ukuphakama. ukusuka ebusweni bomgwaqo (kodwa hhayi ngaphezulu kwamalambu agxotshiwe osigaxa) ngokulingana kuya kwi-eksisi yesikhathi eside yemoto hhayi ukudlula ku-400mm. kusuka kubukhulu bangaphandle ngobubanzi.
- Kuvunyelwe ukufaka amalambu enkungu yangemuva eyodwa noma amabili ezimotweni eziphakeme ngo-400-1200mm. futhi akukho okusondele kune-100mm. amalambu amabhuleki.
- Ukuvula amalambu enkungu, amalambu enkungu angemuva kufanele enziwe ngasikhathi sinye ngokuvula amalambu asemaceleni nokukhanyisa ipuleti lelayisense (elicwilisiwe noma amalambu kagesi amakhulu).
- Kuvunyelwe ukufaka ilambu elilodwa noma amabili angeziwe angabanibani abomvu emotweni yemoto nomgibeli endaweni ephakeme ngo-1150-1400mm. kusuka ebusweni bomgwaqo.
31.4.4 ama-wiper nama-washers:
| a) | ama-wiper awasebenzi; |
| b) | ama-washer efasitela ahlinzekwa ukwakhiwa kwezimoto awasebenzi; |
31.4.5 Amasondo namasondo:
| a) | amathayi ezimoto zabagibeli namaloli anesisindo esigunyaziwe esingafika ku-3,5 t anensalela yokunyathela engaphansi kuka-1,6 mm, yamaloli anesisindo esigunyaziwe esingaphezu kuka-3,5 t - 1,0 mm, amabhasi - 2,0 mm, izithuthuthu nama-moped - 0,8 mm. Kwama-trailer kusungulwa inkambiso yokuphakama kokusalela kwephethini yokunyathela, efana nemikhuba yamathayi ezimoto zogandaganda; |
| b) | amathayi anokulimala kwasendaweni (ukusikeka, izinyembezi, njll.), ukuveza intambo, kanye ne-delamination yesidumbu, ukuxebulwa kwenyathela kanye nodonga lwaseceleni; |
| c) | amasondo awahambelani nemodeli yemoto ngosayizi noma umthwalo ovunyelwe; |
| d) | ku-ekseli eyodwa yemoto, kufakwa amathayi okuchema kanye nalawo osabalasayo, ahlanganiswe futhi awahlanganisiwe, amathayi amelana nesithwathwa futhi amelana namakhaza, amasayizi wobukhulu obuhlukahlukene noma imiklamo, kanye namasondo ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezinamaphethini wokunyathela ahlukahlukene ezimotweni, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamaphethini wokunyathela amaloli; |
| e) | amathayi we-radial afakwe ku-asi yokuqala yemoto, namathayi e-diagonal kolunye (abanye); |
| d) | amathayi anokuphinda afakwe afakwa ohlangothini olungaphambili lwebhasi elenza ezokuhamba emadolobheni, futhi amathayi aphindwaphindwa ngokuya ngekilasi lesibili lokulungisa afakiwe kwamanye ama-asi; |
| e) | ku-ekseli engaphambili yezimoto namabhasi (ngaphandle kwamabhasi enza ezokuhamba emadolobheni), kufakwa amathayi, abuyiselwe ngokwesigaba sesibili sokulungisa; |
| ngu) | akukho bolt obukhuphukayo (nut) noma kukhona imifantu kudiski nakumarimu amasondo; |
Qaphela. Uma kwenzeka ukusetshenziswa njalo kwemoto emigwaqweni lapho indlela yokuhamba ishelela khona, kunconywa ukusebenzisa amathayi ahambisana nesimo sendlela yokuhamba.
Injini engu-31.4.6:
| a) | okuqukethwe kwezinto ezinobungozi kumagesi e-exhaust noma ukubhema kwawo kudlula izinkambiso ezisungulwe ngamazinga; |
| b) | uphethiloli uyavuza; |
| c) | isistimu yokukhipha inephutha; |
31.4.7 Ezinye izinto zesakhiwo:
| a) | azikho izibuko, izibuko ezibuka emuva ezinikezwe ukwakhiwa kwemoto; |
| b) | isignali yomsindo ayisebenzi; |
| c) | izinto ezingeziwe zifakwe engilazini noma zifakwe isembozo esivimbela ukubonakala esihlalweni somshayeli futhi kuphazamise ukubonakala kwaso, ngaphandle kwelebula yokuhlonza imvamisa yomsakazo ozinamelayo ekudlulisweni kolawulo lobuchwepheshe obuyimpoqo ngemoto, etholakala engxenyeni engenhla kwesokudla somoya (ngaphakathi) wemoto, kuncike ekulawulweni kobuchwepheshe okuyimpoqo (kubuyekezwe ngo-23.01.2019/XNUMX/XNUMX). Qaphela:
|
| d) | Amalokhi omzimba noma amakamelo ezinqenqemeni ahlinzekwe ngumklamo, izingidi zezinhlangothi zepulatifomu yezimpahla, izingidi zezintamo zamathangi namathangi kaphethiloli, indlela yokulungisa isikhundla sesihlalo somshayeli, ukuphuma okuphuthumayo, amadivayisi okuzenza zisebenze, idrayivu yokulawula umnyango, umshini wokubonisa izinga lejubane, i-odometer (engezwe ngo-23.01.2019/XNUMX/XNUMX), tachograph, idivaysi yokushisa nengilazi yokushaya |
| e) | iqabunga lempande noma umshudo ophakathi nentwasahlobo ubhujisiwe; |
| d) | ukudonsa noma isondo lesihlanu logandaganda kanye nesixhumanisi se-trailer esitimeleni somgwaqo, kanye namakhebuli okuphepha (amaketanga) ahlinzekwe ngumklamo wawo, anephutha. Kukhona ama-backlashes emajoyintini ohlaka lwesithuthuthu nohlaka lwe-trailer eseceleni; |
| e) | akukho bumper noma insimbi yokuvikela engemuva enikezwe ngumklamo, ama-apron wokungcola kanye nezidaka; |
| ngu) | akukho:
Amanothi:
|
| g) | awekho amabhande ezihlalo kanye nezithiyo zekhanda ezimotweni lapho ukufakwa kwazo kuhlinzekelwa khona ngumklamo; |
| nge) | amabhande esihlalo awasebenzi noma anezinyembezi ezibonakalayo emabhantshini; |
| futhi) | isithuthuthu asinawo ama-arcs okuphepha ahlinzekwe ngumklamo; |
| futhi) | izithuthuthu nama-moped azikho izinyawo ezinikezwa ngumklamo, esihlalweni akukho zibambo ezinqamulelayo zomgibeli; |
| j) | azikho izibani zamalambu noma izibani ezingekho kahle namalaki wokumaka angemuva emoto ethwele umthwalo omkhulu, osindayo noma oyingozi, kanye namabhakoni akhanyayo, izinto ezibuyisa emuva, izimpawu zokuhlonza ezinikezwe esigabeni 30.3 sale Mithetho. |
31.5
Uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle emgwaqweni okubalulwe endimeni 31.4 yale Mithetho, umshayeli kufanele athathe izinyathelo zokuyiqeda, futhi uma lokhu kungenzeki, asuse indlela emfushane kakhulu yokupaka noma yokulungisa indawo, abheke izindlela zokuphepha ngokuhambisana nezidingo zezigaba 9.9 no-9.11 zale Mithetho. ...
Esimweni sokungasebenzi kahle komgwaqo okubalulwe esigatshaneni sama-31.4.7 ("ї"; "д” - njengengxenye yesitimela somgwaqo), ukunyakaza okuqhubekayo akuvunyelwe kuze kube yilapho ziqedwa. Umshayeli wemoto ekhubazekile kufanele athathe izinyathelo zokuyisusa endleleni.
31.6
Ukuqhubeka kokuhamba kwezimoto akuvunyelwe uma
| a) | i-service braking system noma i-steering ayivumeli umshayeli ukuthi amise imoto noma aqhube lapho eshayela ngejubane eliphansi; |
| b) | ebusuku noma ngaphansi kokubonakala okunganele, amalambu noma amalambu omaki angemuva awakhanyi; |
| c) | ngesikhathi semvula noma iqhwa, i-wiper ohlangothini lwesondo lokushayela ayisebenzi; |
| d) | isinciphisi sokudonsa isitimela somgwaqo sonakele. |
31.7
Akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa imoto ngokuyiyisa endaweni ekhethekile noma endaweni yokupaka yamaPhoyisa Kazwelonke ezimweni ezibekwe ngumthetho.
