Iziphakamisi zama-valve ezilimele - kungani ukusebenza kahle kwazo kubaluleke kangaka?

Ama-pushers awonakele - izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle

Iziphakamisi zamavalvu zingenye yezingxenye zenjini ezidlala indima ebalulekile ekushiseni kwengxube yamafutha omoya. Bavula ama-valve, bavumele uphethiloli nomoya ukuthi kungene kusilinda, kanye nokukhishwa okulandelayo kwamagesi okukhipha umoya asele kusukela kule nqubo.

Umjikelezo wemisebenzi yeziphakamisi zamavalvu kumele uhambisane nomjikelezo wepiston. Yingakho ziqhutshwa ama-lobes e-camshaft ajikelezayo. Lolu hlelo luvunyelaniswa ngokugcwele efekthri, kodwa lungaphazanyiswa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini. Inkinga iwukuthi lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-valve clearance, okungukuthi, ibanga elihambisanayo phakathi kwekhamera ye-camshaft kanye ne-tappet surface. Igebe kufanele ligcinwe ngenxa yezakhiwo ezibonakalayo zensimbi, ezikhula ekushiseni okuphezulu, ukwandisa umthamo wayo.

Ukususwa kwe-valve okungalungile kungaba nemiphumela emibili:

• Uma iphansi kakhulu, ingabangela ukuthi ama-valve angavali, okusho ukuthi injini izolahlekelwa ukucindezela (ukusebenza okungalingani kweyunithi, ukungabi namandla, njll.). Kukhona nokuguga okusheshisiwe kuma-valve, alahlekelwa ukuthintana nezihlalo zama-valve phakathi nomjikelezo wokusebenza.
• Uma inkulu kakhulu, ingaholela ekugqokeni okusheshayo kwendiza ye-valve, kuyilapho ukugqokwa kwezinye izingxenye zesistimu yokusabalalisa igesi (amakhamera, ama-levers, shaft) kuyashesha. Uma imvume ye-valve inkulu kakhulu, ukusebenza kwenjini kuhambisana nokushaya kwensimbi (kuyanyamalala lapho izinga lokushisa leyunithi likhuphuka, lapho izingxenye zensimbi zikhuphuka ngevolumu).

Ama-pushers awonakele - imiphumela yokunganaki

Iningi lezinjini zesimanje zezimoto zisebenzisa iziphakamisi ze-hydraulic valve ezilungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuphuma kwamavalvu. Ngokweqile, umshayeli wemoto ngaleyo ndlela ususa isidingo sokulawula futhi usethe ngokuzenzakalelayo imvume ye-valve. Kodwa-ke, ama-hydraulic tappets adinga uwoyela wenjini onemingcele efanele ukuze asebenze kahle. Uma iba bukhulu kakhulu noma ingcolile, izimbobo ze-tappet zingavaleka, okubangele ukuthi i-valve ingavali. Injini esebenza ngale ndlela izokwenza umsindo oyisici, futhi izihlalo zamavalvu zingasha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izimoto ezinemishini yokuphakamisa amavalvu zidinga ukulungiswa ngezikhathi ezithile njengoba kunconywe umenzi wenjini. Ukulungisa kulula ngomshini, kodwa kuyatuswa ukuba kwenziwe endaweni yokusebenzela. Ukulinganisa igebe, okubizwa ngokuthi i-feeler gauge isetshenziswa, futhi ubukhulu begebe obufanele bufinyelelwa ngokulungisa izikrini nokusebenzisa ama-washers.

Ngokuvamile, izikhathi zokulungisa igebe kuma-pusher-mechanical zisukela emashumini kuya kumakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu. Nokho, izincomo zasefekthri zidinga ukubuyekezwa uma kwenziwa isinqumo sokufaka isistimu yegesi emotweni. Bese kuba nesidingo sokuhlola nokulungisa umdlalo kaningi. Izinjini ze-LPG zivezwe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo yokushiswa kwegesi ngokwayo yinde kunesimo sokushiswa kukaphethiloli. Lokhu kusho umthwalo oshisayo omkhulu futhi omude kumavalvu nezihlalo zamavalvu. Izikhathi zokulungiswa kwegebe ezimotweni ezifakwe ukufakwa kwegesi zingaba yizinkulungwane ezingama-30-40 km. km.

Ukuntuleka kokulungiswa okujwayelekile kwemvume kunoma iyiphi injini eneziphakamisi zamavalvu azimishini maduze noma kamuva kuzoholela ekugugekeni okuphawulekayo kwezingxenye zekhompathi yenjini. Nokho, ngisho nasezinjinini ezicushwe njalo, iziphakamisi zamavalvu zingadinga ukushintshwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukushintsha ama-valve lifters - kudingekile nini?

Inqubo yokushintsha incike ekwakhekeni kwenjini, kanye nezinhlobo zeziphakamisi zamavalvu nazo ziyahluka. Ngokuvamile, ngemva kokukhipha ikhava ye-valve, kuyadingeka ukususa i-camshaft ukuze ama-pushrods asuswe futhi athathelwe indawo amasha. Kwezinye izinjini, ngemva kokushintshwa, kuzodingeka ulungise ama-pushers amasha, kwezinye kufanele agcwaliswe ngamafutha, kwabanye, izinyathelo ezinjalo azikwazi.

Kubalulekile ukushintsha wonke ama-gaskets amasha ngesikhathi sokulungiswa futhi uhlole isimo sezinye izakhi zesikhathi. Uma injini isinesikhathi eside isebenza ngokuvunyelwa kwamavalvu okungalungile, ama-lobe e-camshaft angase agqokwe. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukubheka isimo se-shaft ngokwayo.