Ukuqonda Amabhethri Emoto Kagesi

Izimoto zikagesi ziqukethe amabhethri e-lithium-ion aphinde ashajwe aklanyelwe ukukhiqiza amandla aphezulu. Basanesisindo esingaphansi kakhulu kunalokho esikusikisela ukuminyana kwamandla futhi banciphise ukukhishwa kwezimoto kukonke. Ama-plug-in hybrids anamandla okushaja kanye nokuhambisana nophethiloli wokugcwalisa. Izimoto eziningi zikagesi ezingezona i-hybrid zikhangisa amandla azo "okukhipha i-zero-emissions".

Izimoto zikagesi (Evs) zithola igama lazo ekusebenziseni ugesi esikhundleni sikaphethiloli. "Ukufaka uphethiloli" kuhunyushwa ngokuthi "ukushaja" ibhethri lemoto. Imayela olithola ngokushajwa okuphelele lincike kumkhiqizi we-EV. Imoto enamakhilomitha angu-100 ishayela amakhilomitha angu-50 nsuku zonke izoba nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ukukhishwa okujulile" kwebhethri yayo, eyancipha ngo-50% nsuku zonke - lokhu kunzima ukuhlanganisa neziteshi eziningi zokushaja ezisendlini. Ohambweni lwebanga elifanayo, imoto enobubanzi obugcwele bokushaja obungaphezulu ingaba ifaneleka kakhulu ngoba inikeza "ukukhishwa okungaphezulu". Ukukhishwa okuncane kunciphisa ukuwohloka okuphelele kwebhethri likagesi futhi kulisiza ukuthi lihlale isikhathi eside.

Ngisho noma unezinhloso zokuthenga ezihlakaniphe kakhulu, i-EV ekugcineni izodinga ukushintshwa kwebhethri, njengemoto ye-SLI esebenza ngebhethri (Ukuqala, Ukukhanya, kanye Nokushisa). Amabhethri ezimoto ajwayelekile acishe asebenziseke kabusha ngo-100%, futhi amabhethri kagesi asondela kulokho ngenani elingu-96%. Kodwa-ke, uma kufika isikhathi sokushintsha ibhethri lemoto yakho kagesi, uma lingamboziwe iwaranti yemoto, kungaba inani eliphakeme kakhulu olikhokhelayo ngokulungiswa kwemoto.

Ukushintsha amabhethri emoto kagesi

Okokuqala, ngenxa yenani eliphezulu lebhethri likagesi (lithatha ingxenye enkulu yenkokhelo yakho yemoto kagesi ngokwayo), ukuthenga enye esikhundleni sayo kungaba yindleko enkulu. Ukubhekana nalesi simo, abakhiqizi abaningi bezimoto zikagesi bahlinzeka ngokulungiswa kwebhethri noma iwaranti yokushintsha. Phakathi kwamamayela ambalwa noma iminyaka, futhi uma ibhethri ingasashajisi ngaphezu kwamaphesenti athile (imvamisa engu-60-70%), ifaneleka ukushintshwa ngosekelo lomkhiqizi. Qiniseka ukuthi ufunda imibhalo emihle lapho uthola amasevisi - akubona bonke abakhiqizi abazobuyisela izindleko zomsebenzi owenziwe ngebhethri nguchwepheshe ongaphandle kwenkampani. Ezinye iziqinisekiso zemoto kagesi ezidumile zifaka:

• I-BMW i3: Iminyaka eyi-8 noma amamayela ayi-100,000.
• I-Ford Focus: Iminyaka eyi-8 noma amamayela ayi-100,000 - 150,000 kuye ngesimo.
• I-Chevy Bolt EV: Iminyaka eyi-8 noma amamayela ayi-100,000.
• I-Nissan Leaf (30 kW): Iminyaka engu-8 noma amamayela angu-100,000 (24 kW ihlanganisa amamayela angu-60,000 kuphela).
• I-Tesla Model S (60 kW): Iminyaka eyi-8 noma amamayela ayi-125,000 (85 kW ihlanganisa amamayela angenamkhawulo).

Uma kubonakala sengathi imoto yakho kagesi ayisakushaji ngokugcwele noma ibonakala idonsa ngokushesha kunalokho obekulindelwe, ibhethri noma isevisi yebhethri ingadingeka. Umakhenikha oqeqeshiwe angenza umsebenzi futhi angase akunikeze isinxephezelo ngebhethri lakho elidala. Izingxenye zayo eziningi zingagaywa kabusha futhi ziphinde zisetshenziswe ukuze zisetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo. Qiniseka ukuthi iwaranti yemoto yakho ihlanganisa umsebenzi ongewona owomkhiqizi ukuze wonge ezindlekweni zesevisi.

Izinto Ezithinta Impilo Yebhethri

Amabhethri e-lithium ezimoto zikagesi asebenza ngokujikeleza. Ukushaja nokukhishwa okulandelayo kubalwa njengomjikelezo owodwa. Njengoba inani lemijikelezo likhula, amandla ebhethri okubamba ukushajwa okuphelele azokwehla. Amabhethri ashajwe ngokugcwele ane-voltage ephezulu kakhulu, futhi amasistimu okulawula amabhethri akhelwe ngaphakathi avimbela i-voltage ukuthi idlule uhla lokusebenza nezinga lokushisa. Ngokungeziwe emijikelezweni lapho ibhethri lakhelwe khona isikhathi esibalulekile, izici ezithinta kabi impilo ende yebhethri zifaka:

• Amazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu noma aphansi.
• I-overcharge noma i-voltage ephezulu.
• Ukukhishwa okujulile (ukukhishwa kwebhethri) noma i-voltage ephansi.
• Ukushaja okuphezulu okujwayelekile noma okuphumayo, okusho ukuthi amashaji amaningi asheshayo.

Ungayenyusa kanjani impilo yebhethri

Ukuze unwebe impilo yebhethri lemoto yakho kagesi, landela lawa macebiso angu-7:

• 1. Ungalishiyi ibhethri ligcwaliswe ngokuphelele. Ukuyishiya ishajwe ngokugcwele kuzocindezela ibhethri kaningi futhi ilikhiphe ngokushesha.
• 2. Gcina egalaji. Uma kungenzeka, gcina imoto yakho kagesi egaraji noma egumbini elilawulwa izinga lokushisa ukuze ugweme izinga lokushisa elidlulele.
• 3. Hlela ukuhamba. Shisisa kusengaphambili noma upholise imoto yakho kagesi ngaphambi kokuba uphumele ngaphandle, ngaphandle uma unqamule imoto esiteshini sokushaja sasekhaya. Lo mkhuba uzokusiza ukuthi ugweme ukusebenzisa amandla ebhethri ngenkathi ushayela.
• 4. Sebenzisa imodi yomnotho uma ikhona. Izimoto zikagesi ezine-"eco mode" zinqamule ibhethri lemoto ngesikhathi sokuma. Isebenza njengebhethri yokonga amandla futhi isiza ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kukonke kwemoto yakho.
• 5. Gwema ukuhamba ngesivinini esiphezulu. Ukusebenza kahle kwebhethri kuvame ukwehla uma uhamba ngaphezu kuka-50 mph. Uma kufanele, yehlisa ijubane.
• 6. Gwema ukubhuleka kanzima. I-hard braking isebenzisa amabhuleki avamile emoto. Amabhuleki avuselelayo asebenza ngokubhuleka okuthambile onga amandla ebhethri, kodwa amabhuleki ashayisanayo awawenzi.
• 7. Hlela iholidi. Setha ileveli yokushaja ibe ngu-50% futhi ushiye imoto kagesi ixhunyiwe uhambo olude uma kungenzeka.

Amabhethri emoto kagesi athuthukiswa njalo ngemodeli entsha yemoto ngayinye. Ngenxa yentuthuko eyengeziwe, zisebenza kahle futhi zingabizi kakhulu. Ukuqanjwa okusha empilweni yebhethri nedizayini kushayela ukuduma kwezimoto zikagesi njengoba zithengeka kakhulu. Iziteshi zokushaja ziyavela ezindaweni ezintsha ezweni lonke ukuze zinikeze imoto yesikhathi esizayo. Ukuqonda ukuthi amabhethri e-EV asebenza kanjani kukuvumela ukuthi ukhulise ukusebenza kahle okungatholwa umnikazi we-EV.