Umthamo webhethri ogcwele futhi osebenzisekayo. Zihluke kanjani? Iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokushaja imoto?

Ibhethri emotweni kagesi noma eyingxubevange idlala indima enkulu. Amandla ayo alithinta kanjani ibanga esingakwazi ukushayela ngalo imoto?

Isamba nomthamo webhethri osebenzisekayo

Umthamo webhethri ogcwele umthamo omkhulu webhethri, ubukhulu obungafinyelelwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Ulwazi oluningi oluwusizo luboniswa kumthamo webhethri elisebenzisekayo. Leli inani lokusetshenziswa elingasetshenziswa ngempela.

Iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokushaja "umshini kagesi" - ngokushesha noma kancane? Noma mhlawumbe super fast?

Ukushaja imoto ekhaya kungenzeka sibonga isiguquli - idivayisi eguqula i-voltage eshintshanayo ibe i-voltage engaguquki enenani elincike ezingeni lokukhipha kanye nezinga lokushisa lebhethri. Imishini enjalo ifakiwe kumishini yezimoto eziningi ezitholakala ezweni lakithi. Ukushaja kwasekhaya kunikeza amandla aphakathi kuka-3,7kW no-22kW. "I-refueling" enjalo ishibhile, kodwa ithatha isikhathi esiningi - kuye ngokuthi umthamo wamabhethri nezinga lawo lokugqoka, uhlobo lwemoto kanye nezinga lokukhishwa - kungaba kusuka eziningana (7-8) kuya ngisho namahora ambalwa.

Izinketho eziningana ezingcono zinikezwa yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi. kancane, kufika ku-2 × 22 kW. Ngokuvamile zingatholakala emagaraji angaphansi komhlaba, izindawo zokupaka kanye nezindawo zomphakathi. Ngokuvamile lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukumiswa. I-Wallbox noma inguqulo ezimele yodwa - Thumela. E-Europe, indinganiso yendawo yonke yezixhumi zokushaja ze-AC (okuthiwa Uhlobo Lwesixhumanisi 2) semukelwe.

Imuphi umthamo weziteshi zokushaja ezitholakala ePoland?

Ezinye izinketho ziyatholakala kumadivayisi e-DC, i.e. amadivayisi ashajwa nge-DC current, edlula isiguquli se-AC/DC emotweni. I-voltage yokushaja kanye namanje kulawulwa uhlelo lokulawulwa kwebhethri ye-elekthronikhi (BMS), olukala futhi luhlaziye izinga lokuphuma kanye nezinga lokushisa lamaseli. Lokhu kudinga ukuxhumana phakathi kwemoto nesiteshi sokushaja.

EYurophu, izindinganiso ezimbili zokuxhuma i-DC zithandwa kakhulu: i-CCS Combo, esetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni zaseYurophu (BMW, VW, AUDI, Porsche, njll.) kanye ne-CHAdeMO, evame ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni zaseJapane (Nissan, Mitsubishi).

Bheka futhi: izincwadi zokushayela. Ngingakwazi ukubukela ukurekhodwa kokuhlolwa?

- Indlela eshesha kakhulu yokushaja imoto yakho iseziteshini ezisheshayo neze-UltraFast. Eyokuqala isebenzisa i-direct current, enamandla angu-50 kW. Iziteshi zifakiwe futhi zifinyeleleka emigwaqweni esheshayo futhi ngokuvamile lapho kulindelekile ukuma okufushane nokushintshashintsha kwezimoto, ngakho izikhathi zokushaja kufanele zibe zifushane. Isikhathi sokushaja esijwayelekile sebhethri elingu-40 kWh aseqi imizuzu engama-30. Iziteshi ezishesha kakhulu ngaphezu kuka-100kW zivumela izimoto ezingaphezu kweyodwa ukuthi zishajwe ngamandla e-DC eziteshini ezingaphansi kuka-50kW,” kusho uGrzegorz Pioro, oyiTechnical Development Manager kwaSPIE Building Solutions. - Imikhumbi ye-HPC (High Performance Charging) inamandla amakhulu. Ngokuvamile lawa amatheminali angu-6 anamandla angu-350 kW iyinye. Amasistimu anciphisa isikhathi sokushaja sibe imizuzu embalwa/imbalwa kungenzeka ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-lithium-ion, okuhlanganisa namaseli e-electrolyte aqinile. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukushaja okusheshayo nokushesha kakhulu akuzuzisi kakhulu ibhethri kunokushaja kancane, ngakho-ke emzamweni wokwelula impilo yayo, kufanele ukhawulele imvamisa yokushaja okushesha kakhulu kuzimo lapho idingeka khona. kunezela u-Grzegorz Pioro, uchwepheshe wezimoto zikagesi.

Ngokushesha? Kushibhile?

Indlela eyonga kakhulu "yokugcwalisa amafutha" ukushaja ekhaya, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa isilinganiso sasebusuku. Kulokhu, imali yokugibela i-100 km i-PLN embalwa, isibonelo: i-Nissan LEAF edla i-15 kWh / 100 km, ngentengo ye-0,36 PLN / kWh, i-100 km i-5,40 PLN. Ukushaja eziteshini zomphakathi kunyusa izindleko zokusebenza. Amanani alinganiselwe nge-kWh ngayinye asukela ku-PLN 1,14 (usebenzisa i-AC) kuya ku-PLN 2,19 (DC eshaja ngokushesha esiteshini esingu-50 kW). Esimweni sokugcina, imali yokugibela i-100 km imayelana ne-PLN 33, elingana namalitha kaphethiloli angama-7-8. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nemali ebiza kakhulu iyancintisana nentengo uma iqhathaniswa nezindleko zokuhamba lelo banga ngemoto evuthayo yangaphakathi. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi umsebenzisi wezibalo ku-85% wamacala ukhokhisa imoto ekhaya noma ehhovisi, esebenzisa amandla ashibhile kakhulu kunaseziteshini zokushaja ze-DC.

- Endabeni yegaraji elingaphansi komhlaba esakhiweni sehhovisi noma isakhiwo sokuhlala, ukushaja okushibhile (okunamandla angu-3,7-7,4 kW) okuthatha amahora amaningana akuyona inkinga, ngoba isikhathi eside - ngaphezu kwamahora angu-8. Eziteshini ezisetshenziswa ezindaweni zomphakathi, okungenzeka zisetshenziswe njengomphakathi, isilinganiso sentengo nesivinini siyashintsha. Isikhathi esifushane sokuphumula sibaluleke kakhulu, ngakho-ke iziteshi ezingu-44 kW (2×22 kW) zisetshenziswa lapho. Njengamanje, zimbalwa izimoto ezizosebenzisa amandla okushaja angu-22 kW, kodwa amandla eziguquli ezifakwe ezimotweni aya ngokuya enyuka, okunciphisa isikhathi kuyilapho kugcina izindleko ziphansi, kusho uGrzegorz Pioro wakwaSPIE Building Solutions.

Funda nalolu daba: Ihlola ama-hybrids akwaRenault