Imoto esetshenzisiwe enomshini wokuthengisa. Yini okufanele uyihlole, yini okufanele uyikhumbule, yini okufanele uyinake?

Ukuthenga imoto esetshenzisiwe akulula. Isimo siba nzima kakhulu uma unemoto esetshenzisiwe enesibhamu engqondweni. Kulokhu, kunezinye izingibe ezingaba khona, futhi izindleko zokulungisa ezingaba khona zingaba izinkulungwane zama-zloty.

Isabelo semakethe sezimoto ezifakwe ugesi ozishintshayo sesilokhu sikhula iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi. Ku-2015, i-25% yezimoto ezithengiswa eYurophu zinalolu hlobo lokudlulisela, i.e. njalo imoto yesine ishiya showroom. Uma kuqhathaniswa, eminyakeni engu-14 edlule, bangu-13% kuphela abathengi abakhethe umshini wokuthengisa. Ivelaphi? Okokuqala, ama-automatic transmissions ayashesha kunezinhlobo zeminyaka embalwa edlule futhi avame ukusebenzisa uphethiloli omncane uma kuqhathaniswa nama-auto transmissions. Kodwa uma sikhuluma iqiniso, kaningi abakhiqizi abamniki umthengi ukukhetha futhi izinjini ezithile kulo modeli zihlanganiswa kuphela nokudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo.

Njengoba isabelo semishini yokuthengisa ekuthengisweni okuphelele sikhula, izimoto ezifakwe lolu hlobo lokudlulisa zitholakala ngokwandayo emakethe yezimoto ezisetshenzisiwe. Ukuthenga kwabo kucatshangelwa abantu abangakaze basebenzise imishini yokuthengisa, futhi kulapho umhlahlandlela wethu ekhona.

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Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zama-transmissions: i-hydraulic yakudala, i-dual clutch (isb i-DSG, i-PDK, i-DKG), eguquguqukayo ngokuqhubekayo (isb. i-CVT, i-Multitronic, i-Multidrive-S) kanye ne-automated (isb. Selespeed, Easytronic). Nakuba izifuba zihluka ngendlela esebenza ngayo, nathi kudingeka siqaphe ngendlela efanayo lapho sithenga imoto ehlome ngazo.

Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo - lapho uthenga

Isisekelo siwukuhlola. Uma kungenzeka, kuyafaneleka ukuhlola ukusebenza kwebhokisi ngesikhathi sokushayela kwedolobha okungajahile nasendaweni edlulayo yomgwaqo onguthelawayeka. Kunoma yikuphi, izinguquko zegiya kufanele zibe bushelelezi, ngaphandle kokushelela. Njengoba i-accelerator pedal icindezelekile ezindaweni D no-R, imoto kufanele igibele kancane kodwa ngokuqinisekile. Izinguquko endaweni yesikhethi akufanele zihambisane nokungqongqoza nokujeza. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlola ukusabela ekukhahleleni phansi, i.e. ecindezela igesi yonke indlela. Ukukhipha isisu kufanele kusheshe, ngaphandle kwemisindo ephazamisayo futhi kungabi nomthelela ofana ne-clutch slippage emotweni ene-manual transmission. Uma ubhuleka, isibonelo, lapho usondela empambanweni yomgwaqo, umshini kufanele wehle ngokushelela nangokuthula.

Ake sibone ukuthi kukhona yini ukudlidliza. Ukudlidliza ngesikhathi sokusheshisa kuwuphawu lwesiguquli esigugile. Lapho ijubane ngamagiya aphakeme, inaliti ye-tachometer kufanele ihambe kahle ikhuphuke esikalini. Noma yikuphi ukweqa okungazelelwe nokungadingekile kusivinini senjini kukhombisa ukwehluleka. Ake sibheke ukuthi isibani sokulawula u-gearbox kudeshibhodi sivuliwe yini nokuthi kukhona yini imilayezo esibukweni sekhompyutha, isibonelo, mayelana nokusebenza esimweni esiphuthumayo. Lapho uhlola imoto ekuphakameni, kubalulekile ukuhlola umonakalo obonakalayo wemishini emzimbeni webhokisi kanye nokuvuza kwamafutha. Amanye amabhokisi anekhono lokuhlola isimo samafutha. Bese kuba khona ukukhweza okwengeziwe ngaphansi kwe-hood. Ngokumaka, hlola kokubili isimo kanye nephunga lamafutha (uma lingekho iphunga elivuthayo). Ake sizame ukuthola ukuthi amafutha asebhokisini ashintshwa nini. Yiqiniso, abakhiqizi abaningi abahlinzeki nhlobo ukushintshwa, kodwa ochwepheshe bayavuma - zonke izinkulungwane ezingama-60-80. km kufanelekile ukwenza.

Masiqaphele ngama-CVT nama-automated transmissions. Esimweni sokuqala, ukulungiswa okungenzeka kungase kubize kakhulu kunesimo sokudluliselwa kwakudala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuwona wonke umuntu ozothanda i-CVT gearboxes. Ihlanganiswe nezinjini ezingaqinile nezithule kancane, injini yemoto ikhala ngesivinini esikhulu lapho igijima kakhulu, okukhinyabeza ukunethezeka kokushayela futhi kungabangela ukucasuka.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-automated transmissions angama-classical mechanical transmissions ane-clutch eyengeziwe ozishintshayo nokulawula igiyashift. Isebenza kanjani ekusebenzeni? Ngeshwa, ezimweni eziningi kuhamba kancane kakhulu. Noma yimuphi umshayeli omaphakathi onokudluliswa kwesandla kwakudala uzoshintsha ngokushesha nangokushelela. Imishini ye-Pseudo-automatic, futhi yilokho okufanele ukubizwa ngakho, isebenza ngokuvilapha, ngokuvamile ayikwazi ukulungisa ukudluliselwa esimweni somgwaqo kanye nentando yomshayeli. Ukulawulwa kwe-automation kwenza umklamo ube inkimbinkimbi ngokuphathelene nokudluliswa kwezandla, kuwenze ulondolozeke.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-othomathikhi efakwe emotweni esetshenzisiwe esiyithandayo, kufanelekile ukuthatha umuntu osenesikhathi eside eshayela i-othomathikhi. Uma ungabaza ngesimo sokudluliswa kwemoto, cela imoto ukuthi ihlolwe yi-workshop yochwepheshe ukuze kuhlolwe isimo sayo.

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Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo - ukungasebenzi kahle

Ukudluliswa ngakunye okuzenzakalelayo kuzodinga ukulungiswa ngokushesha noma kamuva. Kunzima ukulinganisa ibanga elingamamayela okufanele lilungiswe - okuningi kuncike ezimeni zokusebenza (idolobha, umgwaqo omkhulu) kanye nemikhuba yabasebenzisi. Kungacatshangwa ukuthi amabhokisi we-hydraulic classic afakwe ezimotweni ezingasindi kakhulu zama-80s nama-90s ayehlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, nakuba asebenza kabi kancane futhi anda ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, kodwa uma esetshenziswe kahle, ayehlala isikhathi eside kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinjini kanye nokudluliselwa okuxhunywe ku-othomathikhi kuguge kancane - kwakungekho izinguquko ezingazelelwe emthwalweni kanye nethuba lokufaka ama-jerks lapho amagiya eguquguqukayo ayengafakwanga, okwakungenzeka ngebhokisi le-manual. Ezimotweni zanamuhla, lobu budlelwano buyanyakaziswa - izimoto zinamandla okushintsha izindlela zibe "nolaka", kwezinye zingaphoqelela inqubo yokulawula ukwethulwa, okuthi, ngobunzima obukhulu bebhokisi uqobo, kusho ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi lokhu Imishini idinga ukulungiswa ngemuva kokugijima okungaphansi kwezinkulungwane ezingama-200 km.

Ama-automatic transmissions kubiza kakhulu ukuwalungisa kunozakwabo abayimishini. Lokhu kungenxa, ikakhulukazi, inkimbinkimbi enkulu yomklamo. Izindleko ezijwayelekile zokulungisa imoto ngokuvamile ziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3-6. zl. Uma kwenzeka ukuwohloka, kubalulekile ukuthola i-workshop ethembekile nethembekile ezonakekela ukulungiswa ngaphandle kwezindleko. Kuyafaneleka ukufunda izibuyekezo eziku-inthanethi. Kungase kube ngcono ukuthumela ibhokisi ngeposi endaweni yesevisi ngisho namakhilomitha angamakhulu ambalwa ukusuka lapho sihlala khona kunokubheka imali ebonakalayo endaweni. Njengoba kungenakwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kokulungisa ngaphambi kokufaka i-gearbox emotweni, kufanele sidinga isiqinisekiso (izinsizakalo ezinokwethenjelwa ngokuvamile zinikeza izinyanga ezingu-6) kanye nedokhumenti eqinisekisa ukulungiswa - ewusizo lapho uthengisa kabusha ibhokisi. imoto.