Ukukhetha uwoyela Ingqikithi

Impela okungenani wake wazibuza ukuthi iyiphi i-oyela yenjini engcono kakhulu ongayisebenzisa emotweni yakho. Phela, isikhathi sokusebenza kanye ne-mileage yemoto ngaphambi kokulungiswa kokuqala kuzoxhomeka ekukhetheni okulungile. Ngokwemvelo, wonke umuntu ufuna ukuthi lo mjaho ube mude ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuze uxazulule le nkinga, kuyadingeka ukuqonda kahle ukwakheka kanye nezici eziyinhloko zezingxube ze-lubricant.

Izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-lubricant ye-motor

Izingxube zikawoyela ziqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko. Eyokuqala futhi ebaluleke kakhulu kulokhu ukubunjwa kwamafutha ayisisekelo, noma okuthiwa isisekelo. Okwesibili iphakethe lezithasiselo, okufanele lithuthukise kakhulu izici zesisekelo.

Uketshezi lwamafutha ayisisekelo

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zoketshezi oluyisisekelo: amaminerali, i-semi-synthetic kanye ne-synthetic. Ngokusho kokuhlukaniswa kwe-American Petroleum Institute (API), lezi zisekelo azihlukaniswa zibe yi-3, njengoba kuvame ukukholelwa, kodwa ngamaqembu angu-5:

1. Uketshezi oluyisisekelo luyahlanzwa ngokukhetha futhi lukhishwe nge-wax. Ziyinhlanganisela yamaminerali yekhwalithi ephansi kakhulu.
2. Izisekelo lapho i-hydroprocessing yasungulwa. Ngosizo lwalobu buchwepheshe, okuqukethwe kwama-aromatics nama-parafini ekubunjweni kuyancishiswa. Izinga loketshezi oluvelayo lijwayelekile, kodwa lingcono kuneqembu lokuqala.
3. Ukuthola uwoyela wesisekelo weqembu lesi-3, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-deep catalytic hydrocracking. Lena okuthiwa inqubo ye-NS synthesis. Kodwa ngaphambi kwalokho, amafutha acutshungulwa ngendlela efanayo namaqembu 1 no-2. Izingoma ezinjalo zamafutha zingcono kakhulu kunangaphambili ngokwezimfanelo zabo. Inkomba yayo ye-viscosity iphakeme, ekhombisa ukulondolozwa kwezimfanelo zokusebenza ebangeni lokushisa elibanzi. Inkampani yaseNingizimu Korea i-SK Lubricants izuze imiphumela emihle kakhulu yokuhlanza ngokuthuthukisa lobu buchwepheshe. Imikhiqizo yayo isetshenziswa abakhiqizi abahamba phambili emhlabeni. Izinkampani ezifana ne-Esso, i-Mobil, i-Chevron, i-Castrol, i-Shell nezinye zithatha lesi sisekelo kuwoyela wazo owenziwe nge-semi-synthetic ngisho nama-synthetics ashibhile - anezici zekhwalithi. Lokhu kungaphezulu. Lolu ketshezi lusetshenziselwa ukwenza i-Johnson Baby Oil edumile. Okubi kuphela ukuthi ukwakheka okuyisisekelo kwe-SC "iminyaka" ngokushesha kunezisekelo zokwenziwa zeqembu lesi-4.
4. Kuze kube manje, iqembu elidume kakhulu lingelesine. Lezi sezivele ziyizinhlanganisela eziyisisekelo zokwenziwa ngokugcwele, ingxenye eyinhloko okuyi-polyalphaolefins (ngemuva kwalokhu - i-PAO). Atholakala ngokuhlanganisa amaketanga amafushane e-hydrocarbon esebenzisa i-ethylene ne-butylene. Lezi zinto zinenkomba ye-viscosity ephakeme nakakhulu, igcina izakhiwo zazo zokusebenza kokubili emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu (kufika ku-50 ° C) naphezulu (kufika ku-300 ° C).
5. Iqembu lokugcina lihlanganisa izinto ezingabaliwe kukho konke okungenhla. Isibonelo, ama-ester angama-base formulations asuselwa kumafutha emvelo. Kulokhu, isibonelo, kusetshenziswa amafutha kakhukhunathi noma amafutha e-rapeseed. Ngakho kuvela izisekelo zekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu ezivela kubo bonke abaziwa namuhla. Kodwa futhi zibiza izikhathi eziningana ngaphezu kwamafomula amafutha ayisisekelo avela kumafutha amaqembu 3 no-4.

Emidwebeni kawoyela yomndeni wakwaTotal, inkampani yaseFrance iTotalFinaElf isebenzisa izingoma eziyisisekelo zamaqembu 3 no-4.

Izithasiselo zesimanje

Emafutheni ezimoto zanamuhla, iphakheji elengeziwe liyamangalisa futhi lingafinyelela ku-20% wevolumu ephelele yengxube ye-lubricant. Zingahlukaniswa ngokwenhloso:

• Izithasiselo ezandisa inkomba ye-viscosity (i-viscosity-thickener). Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine izimfanelo zokusebenza ebangeni lokushisa elibanzi.
• Izinto ezihlanza futhi ziwashe injini ziyizinto zokuhlanza nezihlakaza. Izinto zokuhlanza zinciphisa ama-asidi akheke emafutheni, avimbele ukugqwala kwezingxenye, futhi aphinde ashaye injini.
• Izithasiselo ezinciphisa ukuguga kwezingxenye zenjini futhi zandise ukuphila kwazo ezindaweni lapho izikhala phakathi kwezingxenye zincane kakhulu ukuze kwakheka ifilimu kawoyela. Zikhangisiwe ezindaweni zensimbi zalezi zingxenye futhi kamuva zakha ungqimba lwensimbi oluncane kakhulu olune-coefficient ephansi yokungqubuzana.
• Izinhlanganisela ezivikela uketshezi olunamafutha ku-oxidation ebangelwa amazinga okushisa aphezulu, ama-nitrogen oxides nomoya-mpilo emoyeni. Lezi zithako zisabela ngamakhemikhali nezinto ezidala izinqubo ze-oxidative.
• Izithasiselo ezivimbela ukugqwala. Zivikela izingxenye ezingaphezulu ezintweni ezakha ama-asidi. Ngenxa yalokho, kwakheka ungqimba oluncane lwefilimu evikelayo kulezi zindawo, okuvimbela inqubo ye-oxidation kanye nokugqwala okulandelayo kwezinsimbi.
• Izilungisi zefriction ukuze zehlise inani lazo phakathi kwezingxenye uma zihlangana enjinini esebenzayo. Kuze kube manje, izinto ezisebenzayo kakhulu yi-molybdenum disulfide ne-graphite. Kodwa kunzima ukuwasebenzisa emafutheni anamuhla, ngoba awakwazi ukuncibilika lapho, asele esesimweni sezinhlayiya ezincane eziqinile. Esikhundleni salokho, i-fatty acid esters ivame ukusetshenziswa, engancibilika kumafutha.
• Izinto ezivimbela ukwakheka kwegwebu. Izungeza ngesivinini esiphezulu se-angular, i-crankshaft ixuba uketshezi olusebenzayo lwenjini, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwegwebu, ngezinye izikhathi libe ngamanani amakhulu, lapho ingxube ye-lubricant ingcolile. Lokhu kusho ukuwohloka kokusebenza kahle kokugcotshwa kwezingxenye eziyinhloko zenjini kanye nokwephulwa kokukhishwa kokushisa. Lezi zithako ziphula amabhamuza omoya akha igwebu.

Uhlobo ngalunye lwamafutha e-Synthetic Aphelele luqukethe zonke izinhlobo ezingeziwe ezibalwe ngenhla. Ukukhethwa kwabo kuphela kwenziwa ngezilinganiso ezahlukene zobuningi kuye ngokuthi uhlobo oluthile lokubunjwa kwamafutha athile.

Izinga lokushisa kanye ne-viscosity classifier

Kunezigaba ezine eziyinhloko ezibonisa ikhwalithi yezinto zokugcoba. Okokuqala, i-SAE classifier, i-Society of Automotive Engineers. Imingcele ebalulekile efana nebanga lokushisa lokusebenza kanye ne-viscosity yamafutha enjini kuncike kuwo. Ngokwaleli zinga, izinto zokuthambisa ziwubusika, ihlobo kanye nesimo sezulu sonke. Ngezansi kunomdwebo obonisa ngokucacile izinga lokushisa lapho uketshezi lukawoyela lwasebusika nolwesimo sezulu sonke lusebenza khona. Izinhlobo zasebusika ezinegama le-viscosity yasebusika: 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W. Eminye isizini yonke.

I-SAE 0W-50 igrisi inebanga lokushisa elibanzi kakhulu lokusebenza. Inombolo ngemva kohlamvu W (ebusika - ebusika) ibonisa i-viscosity ye-lubricant. Lapho le nombolo iphansi, i-viscosity ye-motor fluid iyancipha. Isukela ku-20 kuya ku-60. Ungaphambanisi izinkomba ezifana ne-"viscosity" kanye "ne-viscosity index" - lezi yizici ezahlukene.

Ukwakhiwa kwe-viscosity ephansi njenge-5W20 kusiza imoto ukuthi iqale ngokushesha esimweni sezulu esibandayo ngokunciphisa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezingxenye zenjini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ifilimu elincanyana likawoyela abakha lingakwazi ukuphuka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu (100-150 ° C), okuholela ekusebenzeni okumile kwezinye izingxenye zenjini. Lokhu kwenzeka ezinjinini lapho izikhala phakathi kwezingxenye zingakuvumeli ukusetshenziswa kwengxube yamafutha e-viscosity ephansi. Ngakho-ke, ekusebenzeni, abakhiqizi benjini yezimoto bafuna izinketho zokuyekethisa. Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokugcoba kufanele kwenziwe ngesisekelo semibhalo yezobuchwepheshe yomkhiqizi wemoto.

I-viscosity enconyiwe kakhulu yezinjini ezintsha zesimanje zingama-30. Ngemuva kwe-mileage ethile, ungashintshela kuma-viscous amaningi, isibonelo, i-5W40. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amafutha e-viscous amaningi anenani lama-50 aholela ekukhuphuleni okukhulayo eqenjini le-piston kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamafutha. Ngabo, injini inzima kakhulu ukuqala ezimweni ezibandayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lezi zinhlanganisela zidala ifilimu yamafutha aminyene futhi ezinzile.

Izihlukanisi eziyinhloko zezinkomba zekhwalithi

API

Isigaba sesibili esikhulu kunazo zonke sase-US yi-API, i-brainchild ye-American Petroleum Institute. Uhlukanisa izinjini zezimoto zibe izinhlobo ezintathu. Uma uhlamvu lokuqala lwesigaba luyi-S, khona-ke le nkomba ingeyamayunithi kaphethiloli. Uma uhlamvu lokuqala luyi-C, khona-ke inkomba ibonisa izinjini ze-diesel. Isifinyezo se-EU simele i-Advanced Energy Efficient Lubricant Blend.

Ngaphezu kwalokho (ngesiLatini), balandela izinhlamvu ezibonisa inkomba yobudala yezinjini lapho uwoyela wenjini uhloselwe khona. Ezinjini zikaphethiloli, izigaba eziningana zibalulekile namuhla:

• SG, SH - Lezi zigaba zibhekisela kumayunithi kagesi amadala akhiqizwa phakathi kuka-1989 no-1996. Okwamanje ayisasebenzi.
• I-SJ - I-lubricant enale API ingatholakala kwezentengiso, isetshenziselwa izinjini ezakhiwe phakathi kuka-1996 no-2001. Lokhu okokugcoba kunezici ezinhle. Kukhona ukuhambisana emuva nesigaba SH.
• SL - isigaba besisebenza kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2004. Idizayinelwe amayunithi kagesi akhiqizwa ngo-2001-2003. Le nhlanganisela ye-lubricant ethuthukisiwe ingasetshenziswa kuma-valve amaningi kanye nezinjini ezishiswe ngama-turbocharged. Ihambisana nezinguqulo zangaphambilini ze-SJ.
• CM - Lesi sigaba samafutha samukelwa ekupheleni kuka-2004 futhi sisebenza ezinjini ezikhiqizwa kusukela ngawo lowo nyaka. Uma kuqhathaniswa nesigaba sangaphambilini, lawa manzi anamafutha anokumelana okuphezulu kwe-antioxidant futhi angcono ekuvimbeleni amadiphozithi namadiphozithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokumelana nokugqoka kwezingxenye kanye nokuphepha kwemvelo kuye kwanda.
• I-SN iyindinganiso yamafutha ekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu ahambisana nama-powertrains akamuva. Banciphisa kakhulu izinga le-phosphorus, ngakho-ke lawa mafutha asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezine-aftertreatment of exhaust gas. Idizayinelwe izinjini ezakhiwe kusukela ngo-2010.

Ezitshalweni zamandla kadizili, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-API okuhlukile kusebenza:

• I-CF - yezimoto kusukela ngo-1990 ezinezinjini zedizili ezijova ngokungaqondile.
• I-CG-4: Yamaloli namabhasi akhiwa ngemuva kuka-1994 ngezinjini zikadizili ezine-turbocharged.
• I-CH-4: Lawa ma-lubricant alungele izinjini zejubane eliphezulu.
• I-SI-4 - lesi sigaba samafutha sihlangabezana nezidingo zekhwalithi ephezulu, kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-soot kanye ne-oxidation yezinga eliphezulu lokushisa. Amanzi anjalo ezimoto akhiqizelwa amayunithi esimanje edizili anegesi yokuphuma kabusha ekhiqizwa kusukela ngo-2002.
• I-CJ-4 iyisigaba sesimanje sezinjini zikadizili ezisindayo ezikhiqizwe kusukela ngo-2007.

Inombolo 4 ekupheleni kwezimpawu ibonisa ukuthi uwoyela wenjini uhloselwe izinjini ze-diesel ezine-stroke. Uma inombolo ingu-2, lokhu kuyinto yezinjini ezine-stroke ezimbili. Manje kuthengiswa ama-lubricant amaningi asemhlabeni wonke, okungukuthi, ukufakwa kwenjini kaphethiloli ne-diesel. Isibonelo, izinhlobo eziningi zamafutha e-French Total zinegama le-API SN / CF kumathini. Uma inhlanganisela yokuqala iqala ngohlamvu S, khona-ke le grisi ihloselwe ngokuyinhloko izitshalo zamandla kaphethiloli, kodwa futhi ingathululelwa enjini yedizili egijima kumafutha esigaba se-CF.

I-ACEA

Izithambisi eziphelele zokwenziwa kanye ne-semi-synthetic zihambisana kakhulu nezinga le-ACEA, i-Association of European Manufacturers, ehlanganisa abaholi bomhlaba embonini yezimoto, njengeBMW, Mercedes-Benz, Audi nabanye. Lesi sigaba sibeka izidingo eziqinile ezicini zamafutha enjini. Zonke izingxube zokugcoba zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amakhulu ama-3:

• I-A / B - leli qembu lihlanganisa izinto zokuthambisa zikaphethiloli (A) nezinjini zikadizili (B) zezimoto ezincane: izimoto, amaveni namabhasi amancane.
• C - ukuqokwa koketshezi olugcoba izinjini zazo zombili izinhlobo, ngezisusa zokuhlanza igesi ephumayo.
• E - ukumaka izinto zokugcoba ezinjinini zikadizili ezisebenza ngaphansi kwezimo zomthwalo osindayo. Afakwe emalolini.

Isibonelo, i-A5 / B5 yisigaba sesimanje kakhulu sokuthambisa esinenkomba ye-viscosity ephezulu kanye nokuzinza kwezakhiwo phezu kwebanga lokushisa elibanzi. Lawa mafutha anezikhawu ezinde zokudonsa amanzi futhi asetshenziswa ezinjinini eziningi zesimanje. Kumapharamitha amaningana, aze adlule ngisho nezingxube ze-API SN ne-CJ-4.

Namuhla, izinto zokugcoba ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zisesigabeni A3/B4. Futhi banokusimama okuhle kwempahla phezu kwebanga lokushisa elibanzi. Zisetshenziswa ezitshalweni zamandla ezisebenza kakhulu lapho kusetshenziswa umjovo oqondile wamafutha.

I-A3 / B3 - cishe izici ezifanayo, yizinjini zikadizili kuphela ezingasebenzisa lezi zithuthuthu unyaka wonke. Futhi banezikhawu ezinwetshiwe zokudonsa amanzi.

I-A1/B1: Lezi zingxube zamafutha zingabekezelela ukuncishiswa kwe-viscosity emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Uma isigaba esinjalo samafutha ashibhile sinikezwa isitshalo samandla ezimoto, singasetshenziswa.

Iqembu C liqukethe izigaba ezi-4:

• I-C1 - ekubunjweni kwalezi zingxube kukhona i-phosphorus encane, inokuqukethwe komlotha ophansi. Ifanele izimoto ezineziguquli zezindlela ezintathu ze-catalytic kanye nezihlungi ze-diesel particulate, ezinweba impilo yalezi zingxenye.
• I-C2: Anezici ezifanayo namajoyinti e-C1, ngaphezu kwamandla okunciphisa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezingxenye zesikhungo samandla.
• I-C3 - Lawa ma-lubricant akhelwe amayunithi ahlangabezana nezidingo eziphezulu zemvelo.
• I-C4 - Izinjini ezihlangabezana nezimfuneko ze-Euro ezinyukile zokugxiliswa kwe-phosphorus, umlotha nesibabule kumagesi e-exhaust.

Izinombolo zivame ukubonakala ekugcineni kwezigaba ze-ACEA. Lona unyaka okwamukelwa ngawo umkhakha noma unyaka okwenziwe ngawo izinguquko zokugcina.

Kumafutha enjini Ephelele, izigaba ezintathu zangaphambilini zokushisa, i-viscosity nokusebenza yizo eziyinhloko. Ngokusekelwe kumanani akho, ungakhetha ingxube yokuthambisa yanoma yikuphi ukwakheka nemodeli yomshini.

TotalFinaElf Product Imindeni

Inkampani yaseFrance ikhiqiza uwoyela wezimoto ngaphansi kwamagama e-Elf neTotal brand. Okuthandwa kakhulu futhi okuguquguqukayo namuhla umndeni we-Total Quartz wamafutha okugcoba. Ngokulandelayo, ihlanganisa uchungechunge olufana ne-9000, 7000, Ineo, Racing. Uchungechunge lweTotal Classic nalo luyakhiqizwa.

Uchungechunge 9000

I-Quartz 9000 lubricant line inamagatsha amaningana:

• I-TOTAL QUARTZ 9000 itholakala ku-5W40 kanye namabanga we-viscosity we-0W. Uwoyela ugunyazwe ukuthi usetshenziswe ezimotweni ezivela kubakhiqizi abafana neBMW, Porsche, Mercedes-Benz (MB), Volkswagen (VW), Peugeot kanye neSitroen (PSA). Ikhiqizwe kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bokwenziwa. Inempahla ephezulu yokulwa nempahla kanye ne-antioxidant. I-high viscosity index yenza kube lula ukuqala injini emakhazeni, futhi iphinde igcine izimfanelo zayo eziyisisekelo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ngaphakathi kwenjini. Ivikela injini ekugugeni nasekufakweni kwemali eyingozi. Isebenza kahle ezimweni ezinzima, njengokushayela kwedolobha ngokuma njalo, ukushayela kwezemidlalo. Uketshezi olunamafutha - jikelele, ukucaciswa kwe-SAE - SN / CF. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-ACEA - A3 / B4. Ngezinjini zikaphethiloli nekadizili ezakhiwe kusukela ngo-2000.
• I-9000 ENERGY itholakala ku-SAE 0W-30, 0W40, 5W-30, 5W-40 imininingwane. Amafutha anezimvume ezisemthethweni zeMercedes-Benz, Volkswagen, BMW, Porsche, KIA. Le nto yokwenziwa ifanele zonke izinjini zikaphethiloli zesimanje, okuhlanganisa nalezo ezifakwe iziguquli ze-catalytic, ama-turbocharger namadizayini amakhanda angama-valve angama-cylinder. Ngendlela efanayo, ingakwazi ukusevisa izinjini zikadizili, ezishisekayo ngokwemvelo nezine-turbocharged. Ayifanele kuphela amayunithi anezinhlayiya zokuhlunga. Izingxube zokugcoba zijwayela imithwalo ephezulu kanye nezimo zokushisa. Ikuphatha kahle kakhulu ukushayela okunamandla, okunesivinini esikhulu. Izikhawu zokushintsha zandisiwe. Ngokucaciswa kwe-ACEA, ziyi-class A3/B4. Ikhwalithi ye-API yi-SN/CF. Emuva iyahambisana ne-SM ne-SL.
• I-ENERGY HKS G-310 5W-30 ingamafutha okwenziwa athuthukiswe yiTotal yezimoto zakwaHyundai neKia ezivela eNingizimu Korea. Kusetshenziswa umenzi njengento yokuqala yokugcwalisa. Ingasetshenziswa kuwo wonke amayunithi kaphethiloli walezi zimoto. Inezici ezinhle kakhulu zokulwa nokugqoka. Izinkomba zekhwalithi: ngokusho kwe-ACEA - A5, ngokusho kwe-API - SM. Ukuzinza okuhle kakhulu kanye nokumelana nezinqubo ze-oxidative kuvumela izikhawu ezinwetshiwe zokudonsa kuze kufike ku-30 km. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ezimweni zokusebenza zaseRussia leli nani lingaphansi izikhathi ezi-000. Ukukhethwa kwamafutha ezimoto ezintsha zaseKorea kwavunywa ngo-2.
• 9000 FUTURE - Lo mugqa womkhiqizo utholakala kumabanga amathathu e-SAE viscosity: 0W-20, 5W-20, 5W

1. I-TOTAL QUARTZ 9000 FUTURE GF-5 0W-20 yathuthukiswa amaFulentshi ngezinjini zikaphethiloli zezimoto zaseJapan iMitsubishi, Honda, Toyota. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kokucaciswa kwe-API - SN, leli grisi liphinda lihlangabezane nezidingo eziqinile zesimanje zezinga le-American-Japanese ILSAC, nesigaba se-GF-5. Ukubunjwa kuhlanzwa kahle nge-phosphorus, eqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezinhlelo zokuqeda igesi yokukhipha.
2. Ukwakhiwa kwe-FUTURE ECOB 5W-20 kuyafana ngekhwalithi ne-GF-5 0W-20. Inamamodeli wezimoto zakwaFord, ngaphandle kweFord Ka, Focus ST, Focus. Ngokusho kwesigaba samazwe ngamazwe se-ACEA isigaba A1 / B1, ngokusho kwe-API - SN.
3. I-FUTURE NFC 5W-30 ihlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zabakhiqizi bezimoto. Kunezimvume zakwaFord zesevisi yewaranti yezimoto zalo mkhiqizi. Kunconyelwe futhi ezimotweni ze-KIA, kodwa hhayi kuwo wonke amamodeli. Amafutha avamile azo zombili izinhlobo zezinjini. Ifanele izinjini ezivuthayo ezine-valve ene-turbocharged kanye nezinjini zokujova eziqondile. Ingathululelwa ezitshalweni zamandla ngokushiswa kwe-catalytic after exhaust, kanye nalezo ezisebenza ngegesi eliwuketshezi kanye nophethiloli ongafakwanga. Ngokusho kwesigaba se-API - SL / CF, ngokusho kwe-ACEA - A5 / B5 kanye ne-A1 / B1.

I-Ineo-series

Lolu chungechunge luhlanganisa imikhiqizo yokwenziwa yekhwalithi ephezulu, okuhlanganisa amafutha enjini AMA-SAPS APHANSI anokuqukethwe okuphansi kwama-sulfate, i-phosphorus nomlotha wesulfure. Izithasiselo kula mafutha zisekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-LOW SAPS. Amagesi akhipha umoya lapho usebenzisa amafutha anjalo ahambisana nezidingo zemvelo ze-Euro 4, kanye ne-Euro 5.

• I-TOTAL QUARTZ INEO MC3 5W-30 kanye ne-5W-40 uketshezi olusebenzayo lokwenziwa lukaphethiloli nezinjini zikadizili. Kusetshenziswe ubuchwepheshe beSAPS obuphansi. Abakhiqizi bezimoto BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen, KIA, Hyundai, General Motors (Opel, Vauxhall, Chevrolet) batusa ukuthulula le ngxube ezimotweni zabo ngesikhathi sewaranti kanye nesevisi yangemuva kwewaranti. Isetshenziswa ezimotweni ezinama-catalytic converters anezindlela ezintathu zokukhipha amagesi aphuma ngemuva kokushiswa, kanye nasezihlungini eziyizinhlayiya ezinciphisa i-CO2, i-CO kanye nokukhishwa kwe-soot. Lawa manzi okwenziwa athobela ukusebenza kwe-Euro 5 namazinga emvelo. Amakilasi ACEA C3, API SN/CF.
• I-INEO ECS 5W-30 iwuketshezi lokwenziwa lwesimo sezulu sonke olunokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-phosphorus nesibabule. Kunconywe abakhiqizi abafana neToyota, Peugeot, Citroen. Inokuqukethwe komlotha ophansi we-sulfate. Iphesenti lezithasiselo eziqukethe insimbi kule ngxube liyancipha. I-lubricant yokonga amandla, yonga uphethiloli ongafika ku-3,5%. Isiza ukwehlisa i-CO2 nokukhishwa kwensisi ngokulawula ukukhishwa kwegesi. Ithuthukisa ukusebenza kweziguquli ze-catalytic. Ithobelana ne-ACEA C Alukho ulwazi lwe-API olutholakalayo.
• I-INEO EFFICIENCY 0W-30: yakhelwe ngokukhethekile izinjini ze-BMW, ​​ihlangabezana ne-ACEA C2, imininingwane ye-C3. Izakhiwo zokulwa nokugqokwa, okokuhlanza kanye nezihlakazekayo zalolu ketshezi lwemoto zisezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Kuhle kakhulu izinga lokushisa eliphansi fluidity. Isetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nezinhlelo zokwelashwa kwegesi ephumayo, njenge-catalyst ye-3-way, isihlungi se-particle.
• I-INEO LONG LIFE 5W-30 isizukulwane esisha sezinto zokwenziwa komlotha ophansi. La mafutha atholakala emhlabeni wonke aklanyelwe ngokukhethekile abakhiqizi bezimoto baseJalimane: BMW, MB, VW, Porsche. Inweba impilo yesistimu yokwelashwa kwegesi ephumayo kanye nezihlungi zezinhlayiyana. Ukwakhiwa kwengxube kuqukethe izikhathi ezi-2 ngaphansi kwezinhlanganisela zensimbi kunamafutha wendabuko. Ngakho-ke, inesikhawu eside phakathi kokushintshwa. Ngokucaciswa kwe-ACEA, inesigaba C3. Ukwakheka kwamafutha kwenziwa ngokobuchwepheshe be-LOW SAPS, inokumelana okuphezulu ne-oxidation.

• I-INEO FIRST 0W-30 iwukwenziwa kwendawo yonke eyenzelwe i-PSA (i-Peugeot, i-Citroen) njengoketshezi lwenjini lokugcwalisa kuqala. Isetshenziswa ezinjinini ezintsha, ze-e-HDI neziyingxube ezikhiqizwa yi-PSA. Futhi ilungele izinjini zakwaFord. Ifomula yomlotha ephansi enokuqukethwe okuphansi kwesulfure, i-phosphorus kanye nezingxenye zensimbi ivumela ukuthi okokugcoba kusetshenziswe ezinjinini zakamuva ezifakwe izinhlelo zokuqeda igesi ephumayo, kanye nezihlungi zezinhlayiya. Ngokusho kokucaciswa kwe-ACEA, inezinga le-C1, C2.
• I-INEO HKS D 5W-30 nayo yakhelwe njengoketshezi lokuqala lokugcwalisa izimoto ze-KIA ne-Hyundai. Ihlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqinile zekhwalithi kanye nezemvelo ezamukelwa abakhiqizi bezimoto baseKorea. Ilungele izinjini zikadizili, okuhlanganisa nezihlungi zakamuva ze-particle. Ngokusho kwe-ACEA, ikhwalithi iku-LEVEL C2.

Uchungechunge lomjaho

Lolu chungechunge luhlanganisa amafutha enjini yokwenziwa yesimo sezulu yonke kaphethiloli nezinjini zikadizili: RACING 10W-50 kanye ne-10W-60. Amafutha enzelwe izimoto ze-BMW M-series.

Zizophinde zifaniswe nezimoto zabanye abakhiqizi uma behambisana nemibhalo yezobuchwepheshe yalezi zinhlobo. Vele uvikele injini ekugugeni, susa amadiphozithi ekhabhoni nezinye izinto ezifakwayo. Ziqukethe izithasiselo zesimanje zokuhlanza nezihlakazayo. Ifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinzima: ukugibela kwezemidlalo okunolaka kanye nokuminyana kwezimoto ezinde. Zihambisana namakilasi e-SL/CF API.

Uchungechunge 7000

Lolu chungechunge luhlanganisa okokuthambisa okwenziwa kanye ne-semi-synthetic, indawo yonke, kanye nezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi zikadizili.

• IYONKE IQUARTZ 7000 10W-40 ingamafutha enjini yokwenziwa. Ama-Homologation ezinhlobo ze-PSA, MB kanye ne-VW avunyelwe. Ingasetshenziswa ezimotweni ezifakwe ama-catalysts angemuva kokushiswa, kanye nalapho kufakwa uphethiloli ngophethiloli ongafakwa umkhondo noma igesi eliwuketshezi. Ifanele udizili, uphethiloli we-biodiesel. Ilungele izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ezine-turbocharged kanye nezinjini ezinama-valve amaningi. Lolu ketshezi lwenjini kufanele lusetshenziswe kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokushayela. Ukushayela kwezemidlalo kanye nesiminyaminya esingaguquki sasedolobheni akukona okwakhe. Imininingwane ye-ACEA - A3 / B4, API - SL / CF.

• 7000 DIESEL 10W-40 - Le nhlanganisela yenjini kadizili yenziwe kusetshenziswa ifomula entsha. Kwengezwe izithasiselo zesimanje ezisebenzayo. Kukhona ukugunyazwa okusemthethweni kwe-PSA, MB. Ukumelana okuphezulu nezinqubo ze-oxidative, izakhiwo ezinhle ze-antiwear kanye ne-detergent zenza kube nokwenzeka ukusebenzisa uwoyela ezinjinini zanamuhla ezivuthayo zikadizili - i-atmospheric, i-turbocharged. Ayakhelwe izimo zokusebenza ezinzima ezinezimo ezishisayo zokushisa. Ihambisana ne-ACEA A3/B4 kanye ne-API SL/CF.
• I-7000 ENEGGY 10W-40 - idalwe kusisekelo se-semi-synthetic, yendawo yonke. Umkhiqizo ugunyazwe ukusetshenziswa ngabakhiqizi baseJalimane: MB kanye ne-VW. I-lubricant yakhelwe zombili izinhlobo zezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ezinomjovo kaphethiloli oqondile nongaqondile. Ama-turbocharged, izinjini zamavalvu aphezulu nazo zisetshenziswa kahle yila mafutha. Ngokuvamile ucabanga ngalolu hlobo lukaphethiloli njenge-LPG, uphethiloli ongafakwa umthofu. Izici eziyinhloko ziyafana namafutha adlule ochungechunge lwe-7000.

Uchungechunge 5000

Lokhu kubandakanya ukwakhiwa kwezomnotho kwamafutha asekelwe kumaminerali. Naphezu kwalokhu, bahlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zezindinganiso zamanje.

• I-5000 DIESEL 15W-40 iyinhlanganisela yesizini yonke yamafutha amaminerali ezinjini zikadizili. Kugunyazwe ukusetshenziswa yi-PSA (ezimotweni zabo zakwaPeugeot, Citroen) kanye neVolkswagen ne-Isuzu. Igrisi inezithako zesimanje eziqinisekisa izinto ezinhle zokulwa nokugqokwa, okokuhlanza kanye ne-antioxidant. Ingasetshenziselwa amayunithi amandla e-turbocharged kanye nezifiso zemvelo, kanye nezinjini ezinomjovo kaphethiloli ongaqondile. Ifanele izinjini zikadizili ngaphandle kwesihlungi sezinhlayiya. I-ACEA-B3, API-CF.

• I-5000 15W-40 ingamafutha amaminerali azo zombili izinhlobo zezinjini. Umkhiqizo ugunyazwe ngabakwaPSA (Peugeot, Citroen), Volkswagen, Isuzu, Mercedes-Benz. Inazo zonke izimfanelo ezitholakala ekwakhekeni kwamafutha okuthambisa okwedlule kwalolu chungechunge. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingasetshenziswa ezimotweni ezinama-catalytic converters ashisa amagesi akhipha umoya. Ungasebenzisa uphethiloli ongafakwa i-leaded noma i-LPG njengophethiloli. Abadidiyeli be-ACEA bamnike isigaba A3 / B4, i-API - SL / CF.

Uchungechunge lwakudala

Lezi zinto zokugcoba aziyona ingxenye yomndeni wakwaQuartz. Kunama-lubricant ama-3 alolu chungechunge olunikezwa emakethe yaseRussia. Abakabi nazo izimvume ezisemthethweni ezivela kubakhiqizi bezimoto.

• I-CLASSIC 5W-30 iyilubricant yekhwalithi ephezulu enezinjongo eziningi ehlangana namakilasi okusebenza aphakeme kakhulu e-ACEA - A5/B5. Ngokwezinga le-API, lihambisana ne-API SL / CF. Ine-fluidity enhle, ezoqinisekisa ukuthi injini elula iqala kunoma yiliphi izinga lokushisa kanye nokonga kukaphethiloli. Ilungele izinjini ezinama-multi-valve turbocharged kanjalo nezinjini zikadizili ezinomjovo oqondile.
• I-CLASSIC 5W-40 kanye ne-10W-40 amafutha okwenziwa emhlabeni wonke ezimotweni zabagibeli. Izinto zokuhlanza, i-antioxidant kanye ne-anti-corrosion yalezi ziketshezi zezimoto zihlangabezana nezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokucaciswa kwamazwe ngamazwe. Ku-ACEA, i-lineups ithole izigaba A3 / B4. Ngokwezinga le-SAE, banamakilasi SL/CF. Kunconyelwe ukusetshenziswa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zama-powertrains: ama-valve amaningi, ama-turbocharged, afakwe isiguquli se-catalytic. Iphinde ilungele izinjini zikadizili ezishibhile ngokwemvelo noma ezine-turbocharged.

Njengoba kubonakala kulokhu okungenhla, indawo yokuhluza yaseFrance i-TotalFinaElf ikhiqiza okothambisa okuyikhwalithi ezinjini zezimoto. Zigunyazwe ngokusemthethweni futhi zigunyazwe ngabakhiqizi bezimoto abahamba phambili emhlabeni. Lawa mafutha angasetshenziswa ngempumelelo kumamodeli ezimoto zezinye izinhlobo.