Kungani izimoto zinezikhathi ezihlukene zokushintsha uwoyela?

Izikhathi zokushintsha uwoyela wezimoto zincike ekwenziweni, imodeli, nonyaka wemoto yakho. Uhlobo olufanele lukawoyela nendlela imoto esetshenziswa ngayo nayo ibalulekile.

Ukushintsha uwoyela kungomunye wemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu yokugcina imoto, futhi kunezizathu ezimbalwa zokuthi kungani izimoto zinezikhathi ezihlukene zokushintsha uwoyela, okuhlanganisa:

• Uhlobo lwamafutha asetshenziswa ku-crankcase
• Uhlobo lwesevisi lapho imoto isetshenziswa khona
• uhlobo lwenjini

Amafutha okwenziwa, njenge-Mobil 1 Advanced Full Synthetic Motor Oil, aklanyelwe ukusebenza phezu kwebanga lokushisa elibanzi. Iphinde yakhelwe ukumelana nokuwohloka isikhathi eside kunamafutha eprimiyamu avamile. Ngenxa yokuthi yakhelwe ukuthi ihlale isikhathi eside, iphinde ibe nesikhawu esihlukile sokushintsha uwoyela kunamafutha weprimiyamu avamile, nakuba abelana ngesicaciso esifanayo se-SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers).

Lapho usebenza khona kunomthelela

Indlela oshayela ngayo imoto yakho kanye nezimo osebenza ngaphansi kwazo kuzoba nomthelela othile ezikhathini zokudonsa amanzi. Isibonelo, uma imoto yakho isebenza endaweni eshisayo, eyomile futhi enothuli, uwoyela ungaguga ngokushesha. Akuvamile ukuthi ngisho nowoyela ojwayelekile we-premium wehluleke esikhathini esingaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu ngaphansi kwalezi zimo. Yingakho ezinye iziphathimandla zezimoto zincoma ukushintsha uwoyela wakho okungenani kanye ngenyanga uma usebenza endaweni ewugwadule futhi ushayela kakhulu.

Ngokufanayo, uma ushayela endaweni ebanda kakhulu, uwoyela osemotweni yakho nawo ungehlisa izinga ngokushesha. Ngenxa yokuthi injini ingase ingafinyeleli izinga lokushisa elivamile lokusebenza ngenxa yokubanda okukhulu, ukungcola kunganqwabelana emafutheni. Isibonelo, kwezinye izimo zezulu, akuvamile ukuthi amazinga okushisa ahlale ngaphansi kuka-0°F isikhathi eside. Kulawa mazinga okushisa aphansi aqhubekayo, amaketanga kapharafini amangqamuzana akhona ngokwemvelo emafutheni aqala ukuqina, enze udaka oluningi ku-crankcase olufuna ukuhlala luqinile. Udinga i-block heater ukuze ugcine i-viscous yamafutha ngaphansi kwalezi zimo. Uma ungashisi, uzibeka engcupheni yokulimaza injini kuze kube yilapho injini izifudumeza ngokwanele ukuthi uwoyela ubuye ube yi-viscous.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amafutha okwenziwa, njengoba akhiqizwa, angahlala e-viscous emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu. Nokho, ngisho nowoyela wokwenziwa udinga usizo oluthile lapho amazinga okushisa ezinjini zegesi esondela -40°F isikhathi eside.

Izinjini zikadizili zinezidingo zazo

Nakuba zombili izinjini zikadizili nekaphethiloli zisebenza ngezimiso ezifanayo eziyisisekelo, ziyahluka endleleni ezifinyelela ngayo imiphumela yazo. Izinjini zikadizili zisebenza ngomfutho ophakeme kakhulu kunezinjini zegesi. Udizili futhi uthembele emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanye nezingcindezi kusilinda ngasinye ukuze uthungele ingxube yomoya/yephethiloli ejovwayo ukuze inikeze amandla. Udizili usebenza ngengcindezi efika ku-compression ratio engu-25:1.

Njengoba izinjini zikadizili zisebenza kulokho okwaziwa ngokuthi umjikelezo ovaliwe (azinawo umthombo wangaphandle wokuthungela), futhi zivame ukusunduza ukungcola kumafutha enjini ngenani eliphakeme kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimo ezinzima ezinjinini zikadizili zidala izinkinga ezengeziwe kuwoyela. Ukuze kubhekwane nale nkinga, izinkampani zikawoyela zenza izithambisi zenjini kadizili ukuze zikwazi ukumelana nokushisa, ukungcola neminye imikhiqizo ehlobene nokuvutha. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwenza uwoyela we-diesel umelane nowoyela wenjini yegesi. Isikhathi esinconyiwe sokushintsha uwoyela ezinjinini eziningi zikadizili siphakathi kwamamayela angu-10,000 no-15,000, kuye ngomkhiqizi, kuyilapho izinjini zezimoto zidinga ukushintsha kukawoyela phakathi kwamamayela angu-3,000 no-7,000 kuye ngohlobo lukawoyela. Amafutha e-premium ajwayelekile adinga ukushintshwa ngemuva kwamamayela angaba ngu-3,000, kanti uwoyela wokwenziwa wekhwalithi ephezulu ungahlala amakhilomitha angama-7,000.

I-Turbocharging iyicala elikhethekile.

Ikesi elilodwa elikhethekile i-turbocharging. Ku-turbocharging, amagesi e-exhaust ayaphambukiswa ukusuka ekugelezeni okuvamile kuya ku-catalyst futhi aphume epayipini le-exhaust aye kudivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-compressor. I-compressor yona inyusa umfutho ohlangothini lwenjini ukuze ingxube yomoya/yamafutha engena kusilinda ngayinye icindezeleke. Ngokulandelayo, ukushajwa kukaphethiloli womoya okucindezelwe kwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwenjini futhi ngaleyo ndlela amandla ayo aphumayo. I-Turbocharging iwanyusa kakhulu amandla athile enjini. Nakuba ungekho umthetho ojwayelekile mayelana nenani lamandla aphumayo, njengoba isistimu ngayinye ihlukile, kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi i-turbocharger ingenza injini enamasilinda amane isebenze njenge-six-cylinder kanye ne-six-cylinder injini isebenze njengesishiyagalombili. -isilinda.

Ukusebenza kwenjini okuthuthukisiwe nokuphuma kwamandla kuyizinzuzo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-turbocharging. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwe-equation, i-turbocharging inyusa izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwenjini. Izinga lokushisa eliphakanyisiwe lidalula uwoyela we-premium ovamile kuze kube yilapho kudingeka ushintshwe njalo phakathi kwamamayela angu-5,000 ukuze ugcine amandla futhi ugweme umonakalo.

Yebo, izikhathi zokushintsha uwoyela ziyahlukahluka

Ngakho, izimoto ezahlukene zinezikhathi ezahlukene zokushintsha uwoyela. Uma uwoyela enziwe ngokuphelele, isikhawu sokushintsha kwawo sinde kunesezingxube noma ezivamile. Uma imoto isebenza endaweni eshisayo, eyomile enezimo zesihlabathi, amafutha enjini elayishiwe kufanele ashintshwe ngokushesha kunasendaweni epholile. Kungokufanayo uma imoto isebenza endaweni ebandayo. Ngalunye lwalezi zinhlobo zomsebenzi lwaziwa njengesevisi lapho injini isebenza khona. Okokugcina, uma injini ingudizili noma ine-turbocharged, izikhawu zokushintsha uwoyela zihlukile.

Uma udinga ukushintsha uwoyela, i-AvtoTachki ingakwenza ekhaya noma ehhovisi usebenzisa i-Mobil 1 yamafutha enjini evamile noma yokwenziwa.