Kungani kuma-hot high revs
Okuqukethwe
Imodi yokungenzi lutho (XX) yenjini yemoto ene-accelerator ekhishwe kanye nokudluliselwa endaweni engathathi hlangothi kuzo zonke izinjini, ngaphandle kwezindala kakhulu, ilawulwa ngamadivaysi ahlukene futhi kufanele izinzile. Ikakhulukazi ngenjini efudumele ngokugcwele, lapho zonke izimo ze-dosing efanele yengxube kaphethiloli zenziwa.
Isivinini sokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft ku-XNUMX isethwe ngendlela eyakhayo, ukunemba kokugcinwa kwayo kubonisa ukusebenza kwengxenye yezinto ezibonakalayo.
Unganquma kanjani ukuthi ijubane lokungenzi lutho laqala ukuntanta
Izinguquko ze-cyclic noma ze-chaotic ngesivinini sokujikeleza zibonakala ngokucacile ngokusabela kwenaliti ye-tachometer noma ngendlebe. Noma yikuphi ukuguquguquka okubonakalayo akwamukelekile. Izinjini ze-carburetor ezindala noma izinjini zikadizili ngaphandle kokulawula i-elekthronikhi zingase zibe nokweqa isivinini lapho ushintsha imithwalo.
Lapha, umthwalo akufanele ucatshangelwe kuphela ukubandakanyeka kokudluliselwa. Injini inamayunithi anamathisele, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okungashintshi. Kungaba:
- osebenza ngogesi oshintsha ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kusuka ku-generator, ngaleyo ndlela alayishe i-belt drive yakhe kusukela ku-crankshaft pulley;
- umthwalo oguquguqukayo ofanayo osuka empompini yokuqondisa amandla ngesikhathi sokujikeleza kwayo;
- ukucindezela i-pedal ye-brake, okwenza i-booster ye-brake isebenze;
- ukuvula i-compressor ye-air conditioning yesistimu yesimo sezulu;
- ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa lenjini.
Kumamotho esimanje kukhona impendulo ngenzwa yokuma ye-crankshaft. Iyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi (ECU) ibona umehluko phakathi kwesivinini esisethwe kuhlelo kanye nesivinini sangempela, ngemva kwalokho ukunikezwa komoya owengeziwe, uphethiloli, noma ukuguqulwa kwesikhathi sokuthungela kulungisa isimo.
Kodwa uma kukhona ukungasebenzi kahle ohlelweni, uhla lokulawula alanele, noma isilawuli asinaso isikhathi sokwenza izinguquko ezisheshayo, injini ishintsha isivinini, i-vibrates kanye ne-twitches.
Yini ebangela ama-RPM aphezulu enjinini eshisayo?
Ungakwazi ukuhlanganisa izizathu zokwenyuka kwesivinini kuwo wonke ama-motor. Lezi izinguquko ekubunjweni kwengxube, izinkinga zokuthungela noma ingxenye yemishini.
Amaphutha kufanele acaciswe enhlanganweni ngayinye yokuhamba komsebenzi, isifutho sakudala sikaphethiloli ku-carburetor, ukunikezwa okulawulwa ohlelweni lomjovo we-elekthronikhi noma ama-asembly fuel injini kadizili.
I-Carburetor ICE
Isici esihlukile salezi zinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ukungabi bikho kwempendulo ngesivinini. I-carburetor ikhipha inani elithile lengxube esekelwe isivinini sokugeleza komoya odlula kuyo.
Lesi sivinini sincike ebuningini bokujikeleza, kodwa akudingekile ukulinda ukusabela okuqondile kuzo zonke izici. I-motor ingalahlekelwa isivinini kunoma yimuphi umthwalo ngendlela yokungasebenzi kahle noma uxhumano lwabathengi, futhi isinxephezelo asinikezwa.
Isimo esiphambene singenzeka futhi, lapho izinguquko ziphakeme, kodwa uhlelo lwe-carburetor oluyize lungasabela ngendlela kuphela - ukwengeza ingxube eyengeziwe, ukugcina lezi zinguquko ezikhulayo. Ngakho-ke, cishe yonke into ithinta isivinini sokujikeleza.
Ngokuvamile, ukusebenza kwe-autonomous XX system kuyaphazamiseka ngenxa yokuvinjelwa kwe-carburetor. Imizamo yokulungisa iholela ekusebenzeni okungazinzile kanye nokwanda okubukhali kokuqukethwe kwezinto eziyingozi ku-exhaust, futhi ekuhambeni injini ingase igweme ngesikhathi esingafaneleki kakhulu. Ngenhlanhla, izinjini ze-carbureted cishe zihambile.
Umjovo
Ibona ukwanda kwejubane, i-ECM izonikeza umyalo wokuwanciphisa. Isiteshi somoya sizombozwa umlawuli ojwayelekile, kodwa amandla aso anomkhawulo.
Isimo esijwayelekile ukugeleza komoya oweqile udlula umzila wokulawula. Uhlelo luzofaka inani elifanele likaphethiloli, ijubane lizokhula. Akunakwenzeka ukulungisa iphutha, isiteshi XX sesivele sivalwe ngokuphelele.
Kuzovela isignali yephutha, isilawuli sizongena kumodi ephuthumayo yokugcina isivinini esikhuphukile, ngoba akuphephile ukumisa injini.
Injini kadizili
Udizili nawo uhlukile, kusukela ezinhlelweni zikaphethiloli ezilula kakhulu ezinamaphampu emishini, kuya kumasiginali alawulwa nge-elekthronikhi avela kuzinzwa eziningi, kodwa isisekelo sayo yonke into ukugeleza komoya okukalwa yi-ECU.
Isizathu esivamile sokuphulwa yi-valve yokubuyisela kabusha, eklanyelwe ukunikeza ingxenye ye-exhaust emuva ekuthatheni. Izimo esebenza ngaphansi kwazo zifaka isandla ekungcoleni nasekuhlulekeni.
Ezinye izigebengu nazo zingenzeka, ipompo yengcindezi ephezulu, izinzwa, izilawuli, ama-intake manifold, ama-injection. Ukuxilongwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kuyadingeka.
Izindlela zokuxazulula inkinga
Ngokuvamile akunzima ukuqeda ukwephulwa, isikhathi esiningi sichithwa ekusesheni kwayo ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene.
IMisa air flow inzwa
I-DMRV inganikeza ukufundwa okuhlanekezelwe, yethule iphutha ezibalweni zekhompyutha. Lesi sakamuva sikwazi ukuvikela kalula ukukhohlisa, kodwa ngokuvamile ngaphakathi kwemingcele emincane.
Khona-ke uzovele acime inzwa ngokusobala enephutha, aqale umthethonqubo ngokusho kokufundwa kwabo bonke abanye, akhulise isivinini se-XX futhi usethe ikhodi yephutha.
I-DMRV engalungile ihlolwa ngokuya ngedatha yesithwebuli ngezindlela ezihlukene, isignali yayo kufanele ihambisane nesethi evamile. Okufanayo kungenziwa nge-multimeter, kodwa hhayi kuwo wonke ama-motor. Inzwa idinga ukushintshwa. Ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukuyigeza futhi uyibuyisele, kodwa akufanele uhlale unethemba layo.
Inzwa ye-RHC
Eqinisweni, lena akuyona inzwa, kodwa i-actuator. Iqukethe i-valve yomoya elawulwa yi-stepper motor.
Izinkinga zenzeka ngenxa yokungcoliswa kwe-actuator, umhlangano we-throttle lapho umlawuli efakwe esiteshini se-bypass, kanye nokugqoka kwemishini. I-IAC iguqulwa ibe yintsha, futhi umhlangano we-throttle kufanele ususwe futhi ushiswe ngokuphelele.
I-DPDZ
Inzwa ye-throttle position ingaba nomklamo ngendlela ye-potentiometer elula enomgwaqo wamalahle kanye nesilayidi. Le nqubo iguga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi iqala ukunikeza amakhefu namaphutha.
Ayibizi, itholwa kalula yisithwebuli futhi ishintshwa ngokushesha. Ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukubuyisela ukusebenza ngokulungisa isikhundla ukuze i-damper evaliwe inikeze i-zero ecacile kukhompyutha.
I-Throttle
Isiteshi somoya esine-throttle sivame ukungcola, emva kwalokho i-damper ayivali ngokuphelele. Lokhu kulingana nokucindezela kancane i-gas pedal, okuholela ekwandeni kwejubane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, alikho iphutha elikhiqizwayo, njengoba i-TPS iphinde ibonise ukuvulwa okuncane. Isixazululo ukugeza ipayipi le-throttle ngabahlanzi. Kwesinye isikhathi kwenzeka okufanayo ngenxa yokuguga. Khona-ke umhlangano uyashintshwa.
Inzwa yokushisa yenjini
Ukwakheka kwengxube kuncike ekushiseni kwemoto. Uma inzwa ehambisanayo isebenza ngephutha elikhulu, i-ECU ilungisa lokhu njengokunganele kokufudumala, yengeza isivinini sokungenzi lutho.
Ngokuqhathanisa izinga lokushisa langempela nokufundwa kwesithwebuli, kungenzeka ukukhomba nokwenqaba uphethiloli we-diesel, emva kwalokho konke kunqunywa ngokushintshwa okungabizi.
Ukudla okuningi
Ipheshana lonke lokungenisa kufanele livalwe, ngoba kune-vacuum lapho i-throttle ivaliwe. Noma yikuphi ukuvuza kuma-gaskets noma impahla yezingxenye kuholela ekudonseni umoya ongaziwa, ukuphazamiseka kanye nokwenyuka kwesivinini.
Ukuxilongwa kuyadingeka kusetshenziswa ijeneretha yentuthu noma ukuhlolwa kwekhabhoni, okungukuthi, ngokuchitha izindawo ezisolisayo ngezifutho ezivuthayo.
ECU
Akuvamile, kodwa amaphutha e-ECU ayenzeka, kusukela ekugugeni noma ukungena kwamanzi esakhiweni sawo esivaliwe. Iyunithi ingabuyiselwa ngokuthengiswa kuchwepheshe, ukuhlanza othintana nabo futhi esikhundleni sezakhi.
Kodwa ngokuvamile imane ithathelwe indawo entsha noma eyaziwayo enhle evela ekuhlakazweni kwemoto. Eqinisweni, ukwehluleka kwe-ECU kuholela ekubonakalisweni okungathí sina kunokwenyuka kwesivinini.
Kuyinto engathandeki ukushayela ngesivinini esikhulu. Lena imodi yesimo esiphuthumayo, engaholela ekulimaleni okusha kwenjini. Kodwa ukufika endaweni yokulungisa kuvunyelwe uwedwa.
