Kungani imoto yaqala ukusebenzisa uwoyela owengeziwe?

Ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kawoyela kuzojabulisa noma yimuphi umnikazi wemoto. Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zalokhu futhi akumele kunganakwa. Kepha lokhu akuvezi njalo ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-ICE.

Kwezinye izimo, inkinga ingaxazululeka kalula nangendlela engabizi. Kwabanye, kudinga ukulungiswa okungathí sina ngakho-ke kubiza kakhulu. Ake sibheke izizathu eziyisishiyagalombili eziphambili.

1 Amafutha angalungile

Ake siqale ngezinkinga okulula ukuzixazulula. Okunye kwalokhu ukusetshenziswa kwe-oyili engalungile yamafutha, ongagwebuzela bese akha imali eningi yokugcina imali. Kulokhu, ukucindezelwa kuwo wonke amasilinda kuzoba okufanayo, i-turbine izosebenza kahle, akukho ukuvuza, kepha imoto idla uwoyela owengeziwe yize ushayela ngendlela ejwayelekile futhi ethule.

Kwesinye isikhathi uwoyela wenjini angahlangabezana ngisho nokucaciswa komkhiqizi, kepha uma kungokwalolo hlobo oluhlukile, kuvela inkinga efanayo. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, ungashintshela ku-oyile onokubonakala okuphezulu. Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi uwoyela bemikhiqizo ehlukile awanakuhlanganiswa.

2 Vala uphawu

Esinye isizathu "sokudla" kawoyela, esingabuye sixazululwe kalula, ukugqokwa kwe-valve seal. Ngenxa yamafutha nokushisa okuphezulu, balahlekelwa yi-elasticity yabo, baqinise futhi baqale ukuvumela uwoyela kwisilinda.

Lapho injini iyehla, i-vacuum enamanani amaningi yanda lapho i-throttle valve ivaliwe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuvumela i-oyela ukuba ifakwe ngaphakathi kwezimpawu zamalambu. Ukuzibeka esikhundleni akulula futhi akubizi.

3 Ukuvuza kusuka ezinqwini nasekuthwalweni

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, noma yiziphi izimpawu zamanzi ziyaphela ngenxa yokuvuza kwamafutha. Kuvela inkinga efanayo ne-crankshaft, lapho okudlidliza phakathi kokujikeleza kwayo kukhulu futhi, ngokufanelekile, kwenzeka kakhulu ukuqina okuthwala. Lokhu kungalimaza ingxenye, ngakho-ke izinyathelo kufanele zithathwe.

I-crankshaft ethwele ngemuva noma i-camshaft oil seal nayo ingavuza, ibangele izinkinga ngamazinga aphansi kawoyela. Ngendlela, kulula ukuthola indawo yokuvuza kawoyela ezimweni ezinjalo, ngoba ukungcola nothuli kuqala ukuqongelela lapho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaconsi kawoyela angabonakala ku-asphalt ngaphansi kwemoto.

I-4 Crankcase umoya omncane

Enye yezizathu ezejwayelekile zokwanda kokusetshenziswa kwamafutha ukungcola kohlelo lokungena komoya we-cranksel. Kulesi simo, kukhona ukunqwabelana kwensipho evela kaphethiloli ongashiswanga, isinaphi, amaconsi amanzi kanye nogrisi. Konke lokhu kungangena kulondolozi lwamafutha, okuzothinta kakhulu izakhiwo zalo zokugcoba.

Ukuphefumula okwanele kwe-crankcase kuvumela uwoyela ukuthi uqhubeke nezakhiwo zawo ngaphezulu komthombo okhethiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlelo lwehlisa ingcindezi yamagesi we crankcase, lenza ukuthi kusebenze ukusebenza kwenjini, futhi futhi linciphise ukuphuma okulimazayo.

Lapho iba ngcolile, ingcindezi eyandayo izophoqa i-oyili emgodini wesilinda lapho izoshisa khona. Lokhu kungavimba igesi elawula i-valve. Ngenxa yalokho, "isifiso" esandisiwe sawoyela.

5 ukungasebenzi kahle kweTurbine

I-turbocharger ingenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kwezinye izinjini zesimanje (noma ngabe iyunithi kaphethiloli noma udizili). Ikuvumela ukuthi ukhulise uhla lokususwa kwe-torque. Ngenxa ye-turbine, imoto iba namandla aphendulayo futhi ashukumisayo phakathi nohambo. Ngasikhathi sinye, uhlelo lolu luyinkimbinkimbi impela futhi lusebenza emazingeni okushisa amakhulu.

Inkinga iphakama lapho izinga lamafutha lehla kanye ne-turbocharger ingatholi ukuthambisa okufanele (nangayo ukupholisa). Imvamisa inkinga nge-turbocharger itholakala emabheleni agqokile. Ngenxa yokusebenza okungafanele kwalowo ofaka noma abagudluzi, inani elikhulu lamafutha lingena ekuhambeni komoya kohlelo, likuvale. Lokhu kuholela ekugqokeni okusheshayo komshini obona imithwalo enkulu. Isixazululo kuphela kulezi zimo ukufaka esikhundleni amabhele noma ukufaka esikhundleni se-turbocharger. Okuyikho, yeha, akushibhile nakancane.

6 Amafutha ohlelweni lokupholisa

Izizathu ezinikezwe ngenhla azikabi yingozi yemoto, ikakhulukazi uma umshayeli eqaphile. Kepha lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo zinemiphumela efinyelela kude futhi zikhomba ukulimala kwenjini.

Okunye kokungasebenzi kahle okudabukisayo kukwenza uzizwe lapho kuvela uwoyela ku-okupholile. Le yinkinga enkulu, ngoba i-injini epholile neyokuthambisa yangaphakathi yokuthambisa injini itholakala kumasongo ahlukile angaxhunyiwe komunye nomunye. Ukuxuba uketshezi ezimbili ngokuqinisekile kuzoholela ekuhlulekeni kwephiko lonke lamandla.

Isizathu esivame kakhulu kuleli cala ukuvela kokuqhekeka ezindongeni zensimbi yesilinda, futhi ngenxa yomonakalo wohlelo lokupholisa - ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa yokwehluleka kwepompo.

7 izingxenye ezihlangene ze-piston

Ukugqokwa kwengxenye kubonakala ngokusobala lapho intuthu iphunyuka epayipini yokuphelelwa umoya. Kulokhu, awasusi i-grease ezindongeni zesilinda, yingakho eshisa ngaphandle. Phezu kokukhipha intuthu eningi, imoto enjalo nayo izosebenzisa uphethiloli omkhulu futhi izolahlekelwa ngamandla amakhulu (ukucindezela kuzokwehla). Kulokhu, kunesixazululo esisodwa kuphela - ukweqisa.

Ukulimazeka kumasilinda

I-dessert - iphupho elibi kakhulu labanikazi bezimoto - ukubukeka kwemihuzuko ezindongeni zamasilinda. Lokhu kuphinde kuholele ekusetshenzisweni kukawoyela ngakho-ke ukuvakasha kwesevisi.

Ukulungiswa kwamaphutha anjalo kudla isikhathi futhi kubiza kakhulu. Uma iyunithi ikufanele ukutshalwa kwemali, ungavuma ukulungisa umsebenzi. Kepha kaningi kunalokho, kulula ukuthenga enye imoto.

Lo monakalo wenzeka ngenxa yokushoda kukawoyela ezindongeni zesilinda, okuholela ekwandeni kwezingxabano. Lokhu kungahle kubangelwe yingcindezi enganele, isitayela sokushayela esinolaka, uwoyela osezingeni eliphansi, nezinye izinto.