Kungani ama-plugs amnyama

Ukubukeka umule omnyama kuma-spark plugs angatshela umnikazi wemoto ngezinkinga ezisemotweni yakhe. Izizathu zalesi simo kungase kube uphethiloli wezinga eliphansi, izinkinga zokuthungela, ukungahambisani kahle kwengxube ye-air-fuel, noma i-carburetor engalungiswanga kahle, njalonjalo. Zonke lezi zinkinga zingatholakala kalula ngokubheka ama-black spark plugs.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka ze-soot

Ngaphambi kokuphendula umbuzo wokuthi kungani amakhandlela amnyama, udinga ukunquma ngempela baphenduka baba mnyama kanjani?. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kuya ngokuthi iyiphi isiqondiso okufanele useshe. okungukuthi, amakhandlela kungaba mnyama bonke ndawonye, ​​noma mhlawumbe eyodwa noma amabili kuphela isethi. futhi, ikhandlela lingaphenduka libe mnyama kuphela ohlangothini olulodwa, noma mhlawumbe kulo lonke ububanzi. futhi ukuhlukanisa okuthiwa "ezimanzi" futhi "ezomile" umule.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinga lokubukeka kanye nemvelo ye-soot ngokuqondile kuncike ekungasebenzi kahle okukhona (uma kukhona):

• I-Nagar emakhandleleni amasha iqala ukwakha okungenani ngemva kwe-200-300 km yokugijima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto efiselekayo ukushayela emgwaqeni onguthelawayeka cishe ngesivinini esifanayo nomthwalo enjinini yangaphakathi evuthayo. Ngakho-ke amakhandlela azosebenza ngemodi elungile, futhi kuzokwazi ukuhlola ngokunembile isimo samayunithi emoto.
• Inani kanye nohlobo lomsizi kuya ngekhwalithi yamafutha asetshenzisiwe. Ngakho-ke, zama ukufaka uphethiloli eziteshini zikaphethiloli eziqinisekisiwe, futhi ungashayeli ngophethiloli noma izingxube ezifanayo. Uma kungenjalo, kuyoba nzima ukusungula imbangela yangempela yokuvela kwe-soot (uma ikhona).
• Enjinini yomlilo yangaphakathi ye-carburetor, isivinini sokungenzi lutho kufanele simiswe ngendlela efanele.

Manje ake siqhubekele embuzweni wokuthi kungani umsizi omnyama uvela kuma-spark plugs. Kungenzeka 11 izizathu eziyisisekelo:

1. Uma ubona ubumnyama ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela, cishe lokhu kubangelwa ukushisa kwe-valve. Okungukuthi, i-soot ekhandlelani iwela ukusuka ngezansi kuya ku-electrode eseceleni (hhayi kuya emaphakathi).
2. Isizathu samakhandlela amnyama kungase kube ukushiswa kwe-valve. Isimo siyefana nesedlule. Amadiphozithi ekhabhoni angangena ku-electrode ephansi.
3. inombolo yokukhanya ekhethiwe ngokungalungile yekhandlela ayibangeli kuphela ukulimala kwayo ekusebenzeni okuqhubekayo, kodwa futhi nobumnyama obungalingani bokuqala. Uma inombolo eshiwo incane, khona-ke ukuma kwe-soot cone kuzoshintsha. Uma kukhulu, khona-ke kuphela phezulu kwekhoni kuzoba mnyama, futhi umzimba uzoba mhlophe.
   Inombolo yokukhanya iyinani elibonisa isikhathi esisithathayo ukuze ikhandlela lifinyelele ekukhanyeni kokukhanya. Ngenombolo enkulu yokukhanya, ishisa kancane, ngokulandelana, ikhandlela liyabanda, futhi ngenombolo encane, liyashisa. Faka ama-spark plugs anesilinganiso sokukhanya esicaciswe umenzi enjinini evuthayo yangaphakathi.
4. Ukugqoka okumnyama okufanayo emakhandleleni kubonisa ukuvutha sekwephuzile.
5. Amakhandlela amnyama ku-injector noma i-carburetor angase avele ngenxa yokuthi ingxube ye-air-fuel ekhiqizwa yibo icebile kakhulu. Ngokuqondene neyokuqala, kunamathuba aphezulu okusebenza okungalungile kwenzwa yokugeleza komoya enkulu (DMRV), ehlinzeka ngolwazi kukhompyutha mayelana nokubunjwa kwengxube. kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ama-injection kaphethiloli avuzile. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-petroli ingena kumasilinda ngisho nalapho i-nozzle ivaliwe. Ngokuqondene ne-carburetor, izizathu zingase zibe yizizathu ezilandelayo - izinga likaphethiloli elilungisiwe ngokungalungile ku-carburetor, ukucindezeleka kwe-valve yokuvala inaliti, ipompo likaphethiloli lidala ukucindezela ngokweqile (i-pusher yedrayivu iphuma ngamandla), ukucindezelwa kwe-float noma yayo. beklaba ngemva kwezindonga zekamelo.

   "Dry" umule ekhandlelani

6. Ukuguga okuphawulekayo noma ukucindezeleka kwe-valve yebhola ye-economizer yemodi yamandla kuma-carburetor ICEs. Okungukuthi, uphethiloli owengeziwe ungena enjini yomlilo yangaphakathi hhayi kuphela emandleni, kodwa futhi nasezindleleni ezivamile.
7. Isihlungi somoya esivalekile singase sibe imbangela yepulaki ye-spark emnyama. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlola isimo sayo futhi uyishintshe uma kunesidingo. hlola futhi i-airdamper actuator.
8. Izinkinga ngesistimu yokuthungela - i-angle yokuthungela esethwe ngokungalungile, ukwephulwa kokufakwa kwezintambo ezinama-voltage aphezulu, ukwephulwa kobuqotho bekhava noma isilayidi sokusabalalisa, ukuwohloka ekusebenzeni kwekhoyili yokuthungela, izinkinga ngamakhandlela ngokwawo. Izizathu ezingenhla zingaholela ekuphazamisekeni kwenhlansi, noma inhlansi ebuthakathaka. Ngenxa yalokhu, akuwona wonke uphethiloli ovuthayo, futhi amakhandlela amnyama akha ukukhanya.
9. Izinkinga ngomshini we-valve wenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. okungukuthi, kungaba ukushiswa kwama-valve, noma izikhala zawo ezishisayo ezingashintshiwe. Umphumela walokhu ukushiswa okungaphelele kwengxube ye-air-fuel kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-soot emakhandleleni.
10. Ezimotweni zomjovo, kungenzeka ukuthi isilawuli sikaphethiloli asisebenzi, futhi kunomfutho owedlulele esitimeleni sikaphethiloli.
11. Ukucindezela okuphansi kusilinda okuhambisana nepulaki yenhlansi emnyama. Ungahlola kanjani ukucindezela ungafunda kwesinye isihloko.

Imvamisa, lapho ukuthungela sekwephuzile kusethiwe futhi kusebenza kungxube yomoya kaphethiloli enothile, kuvela imiphumela elandelayo:

• ukudubula okungalungile (iphutha le-P0300 livela kuma-ICE womjovo);
• izinkinga ngokuqala injini yomlilo yangaphakathi;
• ukusebenza okungazinzile kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, ikakhulukazi uma ingenzi lutho, futhi ngenxa yalokho, izinga elikhulayo lokudlidliza.

ngokuqhubekayo sizokutshela ukuthi ungaqeda kanjani ukuhlukana okusohlwini nokuthi ungawahlanza kanjani ama-spark plugs.

Okufanele ukwenze lapho kuvela umule

Okokuqala, udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi ukungcoliswa kukawoyela kanye nokushisa ngokweqile, okuholela ku-soot kuma-spark plugs, kuyingozi kakhulu ohlelweni lokuthungela. Ukushisa ngokweqile kuyingozi kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi kukhona ithuba lokuhluleka kwama-electrode emakhandlela ngaphandle kokuthola ithuba lokuthola kabusha.

Uma kuvele ikhandlela elilodwa elimnyama emotweni yakho, ungakwazi ukuhlonza ukuwohloka ngokushintsha amakhandlela. Uma emva kwalokho ikhandlela elisha libuye libe mnyama, futhi elidala lihlanjululwe, kusho ukuthi indaba ayikho emakhandlela, kodwa ku-cylinder. Futhi uma kungekho lutho olushintshile, khona-ke kuphakama imibuzo mayelana nokusebenza kwekhandlela ngokwayo.

Amadiphozithi kawoyela

Kwezinye izimo, amakhandlela angase abe manzi futhi abe mnyama. Isizathu esivame kakhulu saleli qiniso yi-ingress yamafutha ekamelweni elivuthayo. Izimpawu ezengeziwe zalokhu kuhlukana zimi kanje:

Amafutha ekhandlelani

• ukuqala okunzima kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi;
• ukukhishwa emsebenzini wesilinda esihambisanayo;
• ama-ice twitches ngesikhathi sokusebenza;
• intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ekuphumeni.

Amafutha angangena ekamelweni elivuthayo ngezindlela ezimbili - kusuka ngezansi noma ngaphezulu. Esimweni sokuqala, ingena ngamasongo e-piston. Futhi lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esibi kakhulu, ngoba ngokuvamile sisongela ukulungiswa kwenjini. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ungenza nge decoking motor. Uma uwoyela ungena ekamelweni elivuthayo phezulu, khona-ke usuka ekhanda lesilinda eduze kwemikhombandlela yamavalvu. Isizathu salokhu ukugqokwa kwezimpawu ze-valve stem. Ukuze ususe lokhu kuhlukaniswa, udinga kuphela ukukhetha amakepisi amasha, ekhwalithi ephezulu bese uwashintsha.

Amakhabhoni afakwa ku-insulator

Umlede obomvu ekhandlelani

Kwezinye izimo, amadiphozithi ekhabhoni akheka ngokwemvelo egumbini elivuthayo angagqashula ku-piston ngesivinini esiphezulu senjini futhi anamathele kusivimbeli se-spark plug. Umphumela walokhu kuzoba izikhala emsebenzini wesilinda esihambisanayo. Kulokhu, injini yomlilo yangaphakathi "izohamba". Lesi yisimo esingenabungozi kakhulu, kungani ama-spark plugs eba mnyama. Ungayiqeda ngokuhlanza indawo yazo noma ngokufaka ezintsha.

Uma injini yakho evuthayo yangaphakathi ine amakhandlela amnyama nabomvu, khona-ke lokhu kusho ukuthi uthela uphethiloli ngenani eleqile lezithasiselo ngezinsimbi. Ngeke isetshenziswe isikhathi eside, ngenxa yokuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, idiphozi yensimbi yenza i-coating conductive ebusweni be-insulator yamakhandlela. I-Sparking izowohloka futhi ikhandlela lizohluleka maduzane.

Ukuhlanza ama-spark plugs

Ukuhlanza ama-spark plugs

Amakhandlela kufanele ahlanzwe njalo, kanye nokuhlola isimo sawo. Kunconywa ukwenza lokhu ngemva kwe-8 ... amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-10. Kulula kakhulu ukwenza lokhu ngesikhathi sokushintsha uwoyela enjinini yangaphakathi evuthayo. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqala kwezimpawu ezichazwe ngenhla, kungenziwa kusenesikhathi.

Kuyafaneleka ukusho ngokushesha ukuthi indlela endala yokusebenzisa i-sandpaper ukuhlanza ama-electrode kufanele isetshenziswe Akunconywa. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngale ndlela kukhona ingozi yokulimala kwesendlalelo sokuzivikela kubo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi amakhandlela e-iridium. Bane-electrode emaphakathi encane ehlanganiswe ne-iridium, insimbi eyigugu neyivelakancane.

Ukuhlanza ama-spark plug uzodinga:

• okokuhlanza ukususa i-plaque nokugqwala;
• izinkomishi zepulasitiki ezilahlwayo (emva kokuphela kwenqubo yokuhlanza, kufanele zilahlwe, azikwazi ukusetshenziselwa imikhiqizo yokudla esikhathini esizayo);
• ibhulashi elincane elinenqwaba eqinile noma isixubho;
• amanikiniki.

Inqubo yokuhlanza yenziwa ngokuya nge-algorithm elandelayo:

Inqubo yokuhlanza

1. I-ejenti yokuhlanza ithululelwa engilazini elungiselelwe kusengaphambili ukuze ifake ngokuphelele ama-electrode ekhandlela (ngaphandle kwe-insulator) kuwo.
2. Gcoba amakhandlela engilazini bese ushiya i-30 ... imizuzu engu-40 (kule nqubo, ukusabela kokuhlanza kwamakhemikhali kubonakala, okungabonwa ngeso lenyama).
3. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esibekiwe, amakhandlela akhishwa engilazini, futhi ngebhulashi noma isixubho, i-plaque isuswa ebusweni bekhandlela, ikakhulukazi ukunaka ama-electrode.
4. Hlanza amakhandlela emanzini afudumele agobhozayo, ususe ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali nokungcola ebusweni bawo.
5. Ngemuva kokugeza, sula amakhandlela omile nge-rag elungiselelwe kusengaphambili.
6. Isigaba sokugcina ukomisa amakhandlela ku-radiator, kuhhavini (emazingeni okushisa aphansi +60 ... + 70 ° C) noma nge-dryer yezinwele noma i-heater fan (into eyinhloko ukuthi amanzi asele kuwo. iyahwamuka ngokuphelele).

Inqubo kumele yenziwe ngokucophelela, kuhlanzwe futhi kukhishwe konke ukungcola kanye noqweqwe olukhona ngaphezulu. khumbula, lokho amakhandlela awashiwe futhi ahlanzwa asebenza kahle ngo-10-15% kunalawo angcolile.

Imiphumela

Ukubonakala kwe-black spark plug ku-carburetor noma i-injector kungabangelwa izizathu ezihlukahlukene. ngokuvamile eziningana zazo. Isibonelo, amakhandlela akhethwe ngokungalungile, ukusebenza isikhathi eside kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi ngesivinini esikhulu, ukuthungela okusethiwe ngokungalungile, ama-valve stem seal angalungile, nokunye. Ngakho-ke, sincoma ukuthi, lapho izimpawu ezichazwe ngenhla zivela, umane uhlole njalo isimo se-spark plugs emotweni yakho.

Hlola futhi uhlanze amakhandlela kukho konke ukushintsha kwamafutha (8 - 10 km. Kubalulekile ukuthi igebe elifanele libekwe, futhi isivikelo se-spark plug sihlanzekile. Kunconywa ukushintsha amakhandlela njalo 40 ... 50 amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane (platinum kanye iridium - ngemva 80 ... 90 ayizinkulungwane).

Ngakho ngeke nje unwebe impilo yenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, kodwa futhi ugcine amandla nokushayela induduzo. Ungabona ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nendlela yokuxilonga injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ngombala we-soot kuma-spark plug.