Kungani ama-black spark plugs. Imvelo yomsizi, okufanele ukwenze
Okuqukethwe
Ingxenye ye-insulating kanye nama-electrode ensimbi azoshisa ngokweqile uma ucosha amakhandlela ashisa kakhulu eyunithi yamandla. Ingxube kaphethiloli-yomoya (i-FA) bese ithungela ngaphambi kwesikhathi: umphumela wokushiswa kwe-detonation utholakala, okuzothi maduzane noma kamuva kukhubaze ukuhlukaniswa kwepiston, ngisho nangaphansi kwegumbi lomlilo. Umphumela uzoba idiphozi yombala eyesabekayo ezingxenyeni zenhlansi.
Inhlansi evela kudivayisi encane ithungela ingxube yesibaseli somoya enjinini yangaphakathi evuthayo. Kwenzeka ukuthi uma injini ingazinzile, kunzima ukuqala injini, futhi lapho kuvela umzila obonakalayo wentuthu ngemuva kwemoto, uqaqa izinto bese uthola ama-spark plugs amnyama. Kubalulekile ngesikhathi esifanayo ukukwazi ukunquma ukuthi umbala, ukuthungwa, imvelo yento ithi.
I-plaque emnyama - kuyini
Ukugqoka okumnyama akuyona into engaphezu kwe-soot - umkhiqizo wama-hydrocarbons ashiswe ngokungaphelele (uphethiloli, uwoyela wenjini) nezinye izinto eziphilayo. Ama-spark plugs amasha (SZ) ambozwe ngekhofi elikhanyayo noma ifilimu kakhilimu ngemuva kwe-200-300 km - lokhu kuvamile ngemoto esebenzayo. Kodwa-ke, idiphozithi emnyama ezingxenyeni zensimbi noma ze-insulator iyethusa.
Kungani ama-plugs amnyama
Isikali sombala sezendlalelo emithonjeni yokuthungela sihlanganisa amathunzi amhlophe, abomvu, amnyama. Ukuhlasela kokugcina okwesabekayo akukubi ngokwako, kodwa njengenkomba yokungasebenzi kahle kwezingxenye nezingxenye zesistimu yokuthungela, izilungiselelo ezingalungile ze-carburetor, nezinye izinkinga eziningi.
Carburetor
Ezimotweni ezinezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ezine-carburetor, amakhandlela aphenduka abe mnyama uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kuphethiloli kanye nezinhlelo zokugcoba. Bheka futhi imbangela kumshini we-crank kanye nesikhathi.
Indlela yokuqonda ukungasebenzi kahle kwekhandlela
Mhlawumbe isivinini sokungenzi lutho sisethwe ngokungalungile. Kodwa ngokuvamile, amakhoyili okushisa kanye nokufakwa okwanele kwezintambo ze-armored ukona.
Umjovo
Ubumnyama bamakhandlela emotweni enephuzu lokunikezwa kwamafutha kuhlotshaniswa nezinguquko ekubunjweni kukaphethiloli. Izinkinga ze-exhaust tract yezinjini zomjovo noma ibhande lesikhathi zizophinde zithinte izakhi zesistimu yokuthungela nge-plaque.
Naka isitayela sakho sokushayela: ukugcwala kwenjini isikhathi eside kunomthelela ekwakhekeni kwensimu emakhandleleni.
Imvelo ye-soot izokhuluma ngezimbangela zokungasebenzi kahle
Izingxenye ze-auto azihlali zimbozwe ngendlela efanayo: ingxenye eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ingase ibe mnyama. Ukusatshalaliswa kwensimu nakho kuhlukile. I-elementi iba mnyama ngohlangothi olulodwa noma umule uvela ichopho noma ocingweni.
Ukugqoka okumnyama esiketini se-spark plug
Iphansi lomzimba wekhandlela - isiketi - lihlala liku-cylinder. Futhi i-soot kule ngxenye iphakamisa ukufuna izizathu ekuqondeni kwekhwalithi ye-petroli nobuqotho be-valve.
Ipulaki ye-spark emnyama kumasilinda angu-4
I-spark izinzile, futhi ikhandlela ku-cylinder yesine limbozwe ngama-deposit amalahle - isifo esivamile se-"classics" yasekhaya.
Izizathu:
- ama-hydraulic pushers (uma ekhona) awabambi ukucindezela;
- ukususwa kwe-valve akulungile;
- ukusatshalaliswa kwegesi kuleli gumbi lokusebenza kuyaphazamiseka;
- ukuqhuma ku-valve plate;
- amakhamera e-camshaft agugile;
- isihlalo sigezekile.
Susa isembozo se-valve, ulinganise ingcindezi kusilinda senkinga ekupheleni kokucindezela kokucindezela.
Ikhandlela elimnyama kusilinda esisodwa
Lapho ucingo luvutha, i-elementi imbozwe ngamadiphozi we-soot. Ungalahli ukungasebenzi kahle (ukushiswa) kwe-cylinder ngokwayo.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-black soot
Imvelo yomsizi ingase ihluke. Ukukhipha isici sokuthola ukungasebenzi kahle kwemoto, ngenkathi unaka izici ezilandelayo:
- Ukufana komsizi. I-soot ingagxilwa ku-electrode noma ibe ohlangothini olulodwa lwe-insulator.
- Ukoma kwe-plaque. Ngaphandle, kunganikeza umbono wenqwaba emanzi, ehambisana nephunga elithile likaphethiloli.
- Ukunamafutha. Umhwamuko omningi we-lubricant kumasilinda ufaka ukwakheka okunezimbotshana kwenhlabathi. Lesi isigameko esingamukelekile.
- I-Velvety. Isibonakaliso esesabekayo siwubufakazi bokwakheka okusheshayo kwe-soot, lapho isakhiwo singenaso isikhathi sokuhlanganisa.
- Ifilimu ecwebezelayo. Iqoqa isikhathi eside, yenza ukuthungwa okuminyene.
Ngezinye izikhathi amadiphozithi amnyama ahlanganiswa noqweqwe olubomvu noma olunsundu.
Izimbangela zokubeka emakhandleleni
Ukuxilongwa okuqondile ngombala wesakhiwo ngeke kwenziwe yinoma yimuphi umakhenikha wezimoto onolwazi. Kodwa izinguqulo ezisebenzayo zivela ngokushesha.
Ukutubeka kwevelufa
Ukushisa okuphezulu kwemithwalo emakamelweni omlilo kubhubhisa ngisho nempahla ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa yama-valve.
Izimpawu nezimbangela ze-phenomenon:
- "Ukushaya iminwe" - ukuthungela kusethwe ngokungalungile, uphethiloli wekhwalithi ephansi;
- ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli - izinkinga ngesikhathi;
- ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo kuye kwawohloka - ngenxa yokushiswa kwezingxenye, ukucindezelwa okudingekayo akutholakali;
- kwavela ukuthuthumela kanye nokuduma kwesizinda sokungenzi lutho kwashintsha - umlilo ongemuhle ekamelweni lokusebenza.
Uzophinde uzwe "ukudubula" okuvela ku-muffler kanye nokuvela kupheshana lokuthatha. Amakhandlela embozwe umule.
Inombolo yokushisa ayifani
Ngomklamo ngamunye wenjini, umenzi ngamunye ukhetha isethi yamapulaki ezinhlansi ngokwenombolo yokukhanya. Uma lesi sikhombisi siphezulu, ingxenye yesistimu yokuthungela iyancipha.
Ngakho-ke ukuhlukaniswa kwamakhandlela:
- kubanda - inombolo enkulu ye-incandescent;
- kushisa - inkomba iphansi.
Ingxenye ye-insulating kanye nama-electrode ensimbi azoshisa ngokweqile uma ucosha amakhandlela ashisa kakhulu eyunithi yamandla.
Ama-spark plugs emoto
Ingxube kaphethiloli-yomoya (i-FA) bese ithungela ngaphambi kwesikhathi: umphumela wokushiswa kwe-detonation utholakala, okuzothi maduzane noma kamuva kukhubaze ukuhlukaniswa kwepiston, ngisho nangaphansi kwegumbi lomlilo. Umphumela uzoba idiphozi yombala eyesabekayo ezingxenyeni zenhlansi.
Ukuthungela sekwephuzile
Uma injini inzima ukuyiqalisa, amandla esikhungo sikagesi ehlile, hlola ukuthi imoto ibambezeleke yini. Izakhi zesistimu yokushisa azikho isikhathi sokufudumala - okusho ukuthi uphethiloli awushisi ngokuphelele.
Ingxube ecebile ye-air-fuel
Idizayini yenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi ihlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kukaphethiloli kwengxenye ethile. Uma lokhu kokugcina kuphulwa, uphethiloli uvutha kancane kancane: umphumela uba black SZ.
Isihlungi somoya esivalekile
Entweni yokuhlunga engcolile, ukumelana nokugeleza komoya kuncishisiwe: ingxube kaphethiloli ibe isicetshiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Umphumela uzoba izingxenye zenhlansi ebhenyiwe.
Izinkinga ngesistimu yokushisa
Uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle ohlelweni lokuthungela, ikhandlela lisheshe libe ngcolile, limbozwe ngekhabhoni ngesimo se-velvety soot. Iminyaka yobudala ye-insulator kuleli cala ifushane.
Ukucindezela okwedlulele kumzila kaphethiloli
Ngokuvamile, inzwa ye-fuel ilawula, futhi isistimu ye-fuel ngokwayo ilungisa ukucindezela kumzila wesitimela. Kodwa ukwehluleka kungenzeka kunoma iyiphi i-node: khona-ke amakhandlela azenzakalelayo amnyama aqinisekisiwe.
Ukuzihlanza kabi
Uma imoto iqhutshwa ngesigqi sohambo olufushane kanye nokubhuleka njalo, amakhandlela akanaso isikhathi sokufudumala kumodi yokuzihlanza. Izingxenye ngeke zibe mnyama kakhulu: zizomane zingcolile, njengoba amafutha avela ku-crankcase engezwa ku-soot. Ukungcola kungavala igebe phakathi kwama-electrode: khona-ke inhlansi izonyamalala ngokuphelele noma izovela njalo kwesinye isikhathi.
Ukulahlekelwa kokucindezelwa
Uhlu lwezizathu zokuthi kungani umfutho wegumbi elivuthayo lehla ekupheleni kwe-compression stroke lude. Lapha, ukuguga kwamasilinda, ukupheka izingxenye zenjini, ukucindezelwa kwama-valve. Izinkinga ezisohlwini wukubonakala kokukhula okumnyama kudivayisi yokuthungela.
Uphethiloli ongafanelekile
Izibaseli ezine-octane ephansi noma izithuthukisi ze-octane ezinesulfure ngokuvamile ziholela ekufakweni kwepulagi yenhlansi engadingeki. Ungashintshi kuphethiloli wekhwalithi ephezulu, injini izoma.
Amaphutha
Amakhandlela angafaneleki, angalungile noma acekeleke phansi ngesikhathi sokusebenza enza kube nzima ukuthungela uphethiloli. Faka ikhithi entsha ukuze ukhohlwe ngenkinga.
Okufanele ukwenze lapho kuvela umule
Idiphozithi emakhandlelani yizimpawu zokuwohloka kwezingxenye ezihambisanayo, izinhlelo, imihlangano. Ukushintshwa okulula kwezakhi zecala akukwazi ukulungiswa, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthola izimbangela zokuvela kokukhula kwe-soot.
Amadiphozithi kawoyela
Amadiphozithi okuthungwa okunamafutha akhombisa ukungena kwamafutha egunjini lokusebenza. Into engathandeki ihambisana nesiqalo esinzima sesitshalo samandla (ikakhulukazi esimweni sezulu esibandayo), ukweqa imijikelezo kumasilinda. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, injini iyanyakaza, futhi kuphuma intuthu empunga ku-muffler.
I-Lubrication ingena kumasilinda ngezindlela ezahlukene:
- Phansi. Amafutha angena emasongweni episton. Kubalulekile ukulungisa inkinga ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokulinda inhloko-dolobha yenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlobisa kwe-motor kusindisa.
- Ngenhla. Izigxivizo zikawoyela ziyaguga, okuphula ukuvaleka kwekhanda lesilinda. Inkinga ixazululwa ngokushintsha ama-caps anesici.
Isendlalelo senhlaka enowoyela ewugqinsi enemikhondo kaphethiloli ongashisiwe kanye nokungcola kwemishini ku-SZ kubonisa ukuwohloka kwamagumbi asebenzayo avuthayo. Imiphumela ebikezelwayo: ukukhubeka kwenjini, ukwehla ngokushesha kwamandla eyunithi.
Amakhabhoni afakwa ku-insulator
Abashayeli bezimoto abangenalwazi bashintsha ingxenye, bebona iminonjana yomsizi kusivikelo. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, amadiphozithi emakamelweni avuthayo kuyinqubo engokwemvelo. Lapho isivinini senjini sikhuphuka, izinhlayiya zomsizi ziyagqabhuka ama-piston bese zinamathela kuzitsha zobumba ze-spark plug.
Isici sokumboza okumnyama ku-insulator sakhiwe ngenani elikhulu lezithasiselo zikaphethiloli eziqukethe insimbi. Ingxenye imbozwe nge-metallic conductive deposits ephazamisa inhlansi. Leli khandlela elizenzakalelayo ngeke lihlale isikhathi eside.
