EYurophu ngemoto

Kulabo abavakashela phesheya ngemoto, sikukhumbuza imithetho yomgwaqo ebaluleke kakhulu kwamanye amazwe.

Amazwe amaningi aseYurophu ayamukela amalayisense okushayela akhishwa ePoland, ngaphandle kwase-Albania. Ukwengeza, isitifiketi sokubhalisa esinerekhodi lamanje lokugunyazwa kwezobuchwepheshe siyadingeka. Abashayeli kufanele bathathe umshwalense wesikweletu ovela eceleni.

EJalimane nase-Austria, amaphoyisa anaka ngokukhethekile isimo sobuchwepheshe bezimoto. Lapho sithatha uhambo, kudingeka futhi siqiniseke ukuthi imoto ihlome ngendlela efanele. Unxantathu oyisixwayiso, ikhithi yosizo lokuqala, amalambu ayisipele, intambo yokudonsa, ujeke, isikrufu samasondo.

Kwamanye amazwe, njengeSlovakia, Austria, Italy, ivesti ekhanyayo nayo iyadingeka. Uma kwenzeka konakala umshayeli nabagibeli emgwaqweni kumele bayigqoke.

Kuwo wonke amazwe aseYurophu, kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukukhuluma nomakhalekhukhwini ngenkathi ushayela, ngaphandle kwekhithi ye-hands-free. Amabhande ezihlalo ayindaba ehlukile. Kokubili abashayeli nabagibeli cishe kuwo wonke amazwe kufanele babophe amabhande abo ezihlalo. Okuhlukile yi-Hungary, lapho abagibeli abangemuva ngaphandle kwezindawo ezakhiwe kungadingeki ukuthi benze kanjalo. Amanye amazwe abeke imingcele kubashayeli abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-65. Badinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe, isibonelo e-Czech Republic, noma bavimbele ukushayela ngemva kweminyaka yobudala engu-75, isibonelo e-UK.

Austria

Umkhawulo wejubane - indawo eyakhiwe i-50 km/h, engakhiwanga i-100 km/h, umgwaqo onguthelawayeka 130 km/h.

Abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 abakwazi ukushayela imoto, ngisho noma benezincwadi zokushayela. Abavakashi abahamba ngemoto kufanele bacabangele ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwesimo sobuchwepheshe bezimoto (okubaluleke kakhulu: amathayi, amabhuleki kanye nekhithi yosizo lokuqala, unxantathu oyisixwayiso kanye ne-refleive vest).

Inani elivumelekile lotshwala egazini lomshayeli ngu-0,5 ppm. Uma sihamba nezingane ezingaphansi kuka-12 nangaphansi kuka-150 cm ubude, sicela ukhumbule ukuthi kufanele sibe nesihlalo semoto sazo.

Enye into ukupaka. Endaweni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i.e. ukupaka okufushane (kusuka kumaminithi angu-30 kuya kumahora angu-3), kwamanye amadolobha, isibonelo e-Vienna, udinga ukuthenga ithikithi lokupaka - i-Parkschein (etholakala kuma-kiosks neziteshi zegesi) noma usebenzise amamitha okupaka. E-Austria, njengakwamanye amazwe amaningi aseYurophu, i-vignette, i. isitika esiqinisekisa ukukhokhwa kwemigwaqo ekhokhelwayo. Amavignette atholakala egalaji likaphethiloli

Izinombolo zocingo eziphuthumayo: izicishamlilo - 122, amaphoyisa - 133, i-ambulensi - 144. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukwazi ukuthi ngonyaka odlule isibopho sokushayela emarobhothini sakhanselwa lapha emini, entwasahlobo nasehlobo.

I-Italy

Umkhawulo wesivinini - indawo enabantu abaningi 50 km/h, indawo engathuthukisiwe 90-100 km/h, umgwaqo omkhulu 130 km/h.

Izinga elisemthethweni lotshwala egazini lingu-0,5 ppm. Nsuku zonke kufanele ngishayele nge-beam ephansi. Izingane zingathuthwa esihlalweni esingaphambili, kodwa kuphela esihlalweni esikhethekile.

Kufanele ukhokhe ukuze usebenzise izimoto. Sikhokha imali ngemuva kokudlula isigaba esithile. Olunye udaba ukupaka. Enkabeni yemizi emikhulu emini akunakwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukushiya imoto emaphethelweni futhi usebenzise izithuthi zomphakathi. Izihlalo zamahhala zibhalwe ngopende omhlophe, izihlalo ezikhokhelwayo zibhalwe ngopende oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ezimweni eziningi, ungakwazi ukukhokha imali kumitha yokupaka, ngezinye izikhathi udinga ukuthenga ikhadi lokupaka. Ayatholakala ezitolo zamaphephandaba. Sizobakhokhela ngokwesilinganiso kusuka ku-0,5 kuya ku-1,55 euros.

Denmark

Umkhawulo wesivinini - indawo enabantu abaningi 50 km/h, indawo engathuthukisiwe i-80-90 km/h, imigwaqo emikhulu 110-130 km/h.

Izibani ezikhanyayo eziphansi kufanele zikhanyise unyaka wonke. E-Denmark, imigwaqo yezimoto ayikhokhiswa, kodwa kunalokho kufanele ukhokhe ama-tolls kumabhuloho amade kakhulu (Storebaelt, Oresund).

Umuntu onotshwala obufinyelela ku-0,2 ppm egazini uvunyelwe ukushayela. Kukhona ukuhlolwa okuvamile, ngakho-ke kungcono kakhulu ukungazifaki engozini, njengoba izinhlawulo zingaba nzima kakhulu.

Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu ubudala kufanele zihanjiswe ngezihlalo ezikhethekile. Phakathi kweminyaka emithathu neyisithupha ubudala, bahamba bebophe amabhande esihlalweni esiphakeme noma kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi ihhanisi lemoto.

Olunye udaba ukupaka. Uma sifuna ukuhlala edolobheni, endaweni lapho kungekho khona amamitha okupaka, kufanele sibeke ikhadi lokupaka endaweni ebonakalayo (etholakala ehhovisi lezokwaziswa kwezivakashi, amabhange kanye namaphoyisa). Kuyafaneleka ukwazi ukuthi ezindaweni lapho ama-curbs ependwe aphuzi, akufanele ushiye imoto. Futhi, awupaki lapho kunezimpawu ezithi "Akukho Ukuma" noma "Akukho Ukupaka".

Uma ujikela kwesokudla, qaphela ikakhulukazi abagibeli bamabhayisikili abazayo njengoba benelungelo lokuhamba. Uma kwenzeka ingozi encane yomgwaqo (ingozi, akukho abalimele), amaphoyisa aseDenmark awangeneleli. Sicela ubhale imininingwane yomshayeli: igama nesibongo, ikheli lasekhaya, inombolo yokubhaliswa kwemoto, inombolo yomshwalense kanye negama lenkampani yomshwalense.

Imoto eyonakele kufanele idonswe iyiswe esiteshini esigunyaziwe (esixhunywe nokwenziwa kwemoto). I-ASO yazisa inkampani yomshuwalense, umhloli wayo ohlola umonakalo futhi uyala ukulungiswa kwawo.

France

Umkhawulo wesivinini - indawo eyakhiwe i-50 km/h, engakhiwanga i-90 km/h, imigwaqo esheshayo 110 km/h, imigwaqo engu-130 km/h (110 km/h emvuleni).

Kuleli zwe, kuvunyelwe ukushayela utshwala begazi obufinyelela ku-0,5 esigidini ngasinye. Ungathenga ukuhlolwa kotshwala ezitolo ezinkulu. Izingane ezingaphansi kuka-15 nangaphansi kuka-150 cm ubude azivunyelwe ukuhamba esihlalweni esingaphambili. Ngaphandle kwesihlalo esikhethekile. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, akudingekile ukushayela emini ukhanyisa izibani.

I-France ingelinye lamazwe ambalwa e-EU ethule umkhawulo wejubane uma lina. Khona-ke emigwaqweni yezimoto awukwazi ukushayela ngesivinini esingaphezu kuka-110 km / h. Imigwaqo ekhokhelwayo iqoqwa ekuphumeni kwesigaba somgwaqo. Ubude bayo bubekwe opharetha bomgwaqo futhi kuncike: uhlobo lwemoto, ibanga elihanjiwe kanye nesikhathi sosuku.

Emadolobheni amakhulu, kufanele uqaphele ikakhulukazi abahamba ngezinyawo. Bavame ukugeja ilambu elibomvu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abashayeli ngokuvamile abalandeli imithetho eyisisekelo: abasebenzisi isignali yokujika, bavame ukujika kwesokudla ukusuka kumzila wesobunxele noma ngokuphambene nalokho. E-Paris, ithrafikhi engakwesokudla ihamba phambili ezindaweni ezizungezile. Ngaphandle kwenhloko-dolobha, izimoto ezivele zisendaweni ezungezile zibaluleke kakhulu (bheka izimpawu zomgwaqo ezifanele).

E-France, awukwazi ukupaka lapho unqenqema lupendwe khona ngokuphuzi noma lapho kunomugqa ophuzi omazombezombe emgwaqweni ogandayiwe. Kufanele ukhokhele isitobhi. Kunamamitha okupaka emadolobheni amaningi. Uma sishiya imoto endaweni engavunyelwe, kufanele sicabangele ukuthi izodonswa endaweni yokupaka amaphoyisa.

Литва

Isivinini esivumelekile - ukuhlala 50 km/h, indawo engathuthukisiwe 70-90 km/h, umgwaqo onguthelawayeka 110–130 km/h.

Lapho singena endaweni yase-Lithuania, asikho isidingo sokuba nelayisensi yokushayela yamazwe ngamazwe noma ukuthenga umshwalense wendawo wesibopho sezomthetho. Imigwaqo emikhulu imahhala.

Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-3 ubudala kufanele zihanjiswe ngezihlalo ezikhethekile ezibekwe esihlalweni esingemuva semoto. Abanye, abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 ubudala, bangahamba kokubili esihlalweni esingaphambili nasesihlalweni semoto. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-beam ecwilisiwe kusebenza unyaka wonke.

Amathayi asebusika kufanele asetshenziswe kusukela mhla ziyi-10 kuLwezi kuya kumhla lu-1 kuMbasa. Imikhawulo yesivinini iyasebenza. I-alcohol evunyelwe egazini i-0,4 ppm (egazini labashayeli abaneminyaka engaphansi kwe-2 yesipiliyoni kanye nabashayeli bamaloli namabhasi, iyancipha ibe ngu-0,2 ppm). Uma umuntu eshayela ephuzile noma engenazo izincwadi zokushayela, amaphoyisa angase ashaqe imoto.

Uma sibandakanyeka engozini yomgwaqo, kufanele kubizwe amaphoyisa ngokushesha. Kuphela ngemva kokuhambisa umbiko wamaphoyisa lapho siyothola khona isinxephezelo enkampanini yomshwalense. Ukuthola indawo yokupaka e-Lithuania kulula. Sizokhokhela indawo yokupaka.

Germany

Umkhawulo wesivinini - indawo eyakhiwe i-50 km/h, indawo engakhelwe phezulu i-100 km/h, umgwaqo onconywayo ongu-130 km/h.

Imigwaqo yezimoto imahhala. Emadolobheni, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe kwabahamba ngezinyawo nabahamba ngamabhayisikili, okubaluleke kakhulu lapho bewela. Olunye udaba lokupaka izimoto, ngeshwa, emadolobheni amaningi. Ubufakazi benkokhelo ithikithi lokupaka elibekwe ngemuva kwe-windshield. Izakhiwo zokuhlala nezindawo ezizimele zivame ukuba nezimpawu ezithi "Privatgelande" eduze kwazo, okusho ukuthi awukwazi ukupaka endaweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma imoto siyishiya endaweni lapho izophazamisa ukuhamba kwezimoto, kufanele sicabangele ukuthi izodonswa endaweni yokupaka amaphoyisa. Sizokhokha kufikela kuma-euro angu-300 ngeqoqo layo.

EJalimane, ukunakwa okukhethekile kukhokhwa esimweni sobuchwepheshe bemoto. Uma singenakho ukuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe ngaphandle kwenhlawulo ephezulu, imoto izodonswa futhi sizokhokha imali emisiwe yokuhlolwa. Ngokufanayo, lapho singenawo amaphepha agcwele, noma lapho amaphoyisa ethola ukungasebenzi kahle kwemoto yethu. Olunye ugibe i-radar, evame ukufakwa emadolobheni ukuze ibambe abashayeli ngamalambu abomvu. Uma sihamba emigwaqweni yaseJalimane, singaba notshwala obufika ku-0,5 ppm egazini lethu. Izingane kufanele zihanjiswe ngezihlalo zokuphepha kwezingane. 

Slovakia

Umkhawulo wejubane - indawo eyakhiwe i-50 km/h, engakhiwanga i-90 km/h, umgwaqo onguthelawayeka 130 km/h.

Izindleko ziyasebenza, kodwa emigwaqweni yekilasi lokuqala kuphela. Bamakwe ngemoto emhlophe endaweni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. I-vignette yezinsuku eziyisikhombisa izosibiza: cishe ama-euro angu-5, inyanga engu-10, kanye nama-euro angu-36,5 wonyaka. Ukwehluleka ukuthobela le mfuneko kujeziswa ngenhlawulo. Ungathenga ama-vignettes eziteshini zikaphethiloli. Ukushayela uphuzile akukho emthethweni e-Slovakia. Uma kunezinkinga ngemoto, singashayela usizo lomgwaqo kule nombolo 0123. Ukupaka emadolobheni amakhulu kuyakhokhelwa. Lapho kungekho mitha yokupaka, kufanele uthenge ikhadi lokupaka. Ayatholakala esitolo samaphephandaba.

Qaphela ikakhulukazi lapha

Abantu baseHungary abavumeli utshwala bungene egazini labashayeli. Ukushayela nge-double throttle kuzoholela ekuhoxisweni kwelayisensi yakho yokushayela ngokushesha. Ngaphandle kwendawo yokuhlala, kudingeka sikhanyise izibani zangaphambili ezicwilisiwe. Umshayeli nomgibeli ongaphambili kumele babophe amabhande abo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi basezindaweni ezakhiwe noma cha. Abagibeli abangemuva kuphela ezindaweni ezakhiwe. Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 azivunyelwe ukuhlala esihlalweni esingaphambili. Sipaka kuphela ezindaweni eziqokwe ngokukhethekile lapho ngokuvamile kufakwa khona amamitha okupaka.

AmaCzech anomunye wemithetho yomgwaqo enzima kakhulu eYurophu. Ukuya lapho ohambweni, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi udinga ukushayela unyaka wonke ukhanyise amalambu angaphambili. Kufanele futhi sihambe sibophe amabhande. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingane ezifika ku-136 cm ubude nesisindo esingafika ku-36 kg kufanele zihanjiswe kuphela ngezihlalo ezikhethekile zezingane. Ukupaka e-Czech Republic kuyakhokhelwa. Kungcono ukukhokha imali kumitha yokupaka. Ungayishiyi imoto yakho eceleni komgwaqo. Uma siya ePrague, kungcono ukuhlala emaphethelweni futhi sisebenzise izithuthi zomphakathi.

Inhlawulo yokweqisa kancane kwejubane elivunyelwe izobiza thina kusuka ku-500 kuya ku-2000 kroons, i.е. cishe ama-euro angama-20 kuye kwangama-70. E-Czech Republic, ukushayela uphuze utshwala nezinye izinto ezidakayo akuvunyelwe. Uma sibanjwe icala elinjalo, sibhekene nesigwebo sejele esifinyelela eminyakeni emi-3, inhlawulo yama-900 kuya ku-1800 euros. Kusebenza isigwebo esifanayo uma wenqaba ukuthatha i-breathalyzer noma ukuthatha isampula yegazi.

Kufanele ukhokhe ukuze ushayele emigwaqweni emikhulu nasemigwaqweni esheshayo. Ungathenga ama-vignettes eziteshini zikaphethiloli. Ukuntuleka kwe-vignette kungabiza kuze kufike ku-PLN 14.