Ukuhlaziywa komlilo kwamapulasitiki
Ukuhlaziywa kwamapulasitiki - ama-macromolecules anesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi - umsebenzi owenziwa kuphela kuma-laboratories akhethekile. Kodwa-ke, ekhaya, ungagqamisa izinto zokwenziwa ezaziwa kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, singakwazi ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi izinto esibhekana nazo (izinto ezihlukene zidinga, isibonelo, izinhlobo ezahlukene zeglue zokujoyina, futhi izimo zokusetshenziswa kwazo nazo zihlukile).
Ukuze wenze izivivinyo, okudingayo nje umthombo womlilo (kungaba ngisho ikhandlela) nezindlawu noma ama-tweezers ukuze ubambe amasampula.
Nokho, ake sithathe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo:
– siqhubela ucwaningo kude nezinto ezivuthayo;
- sisebenzisa amasampula amancane (enendawo engekho ngaphezu kwe-1 cm2);
- isampula ibanjwe ngama-tweezers;
- esimweni esingalindelekile, i-rag emanzi izoba usizo ukucisha umlilo.
Lapho ukhomba, naka ukuvutha kwempahla (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ivutha kalula futhi iyashisa lapho ikhishwa emlilweni), umbala welangabi, iphunga nokubukeka kwezinsalela zokuvutha. Ukuziphatha kwesampula ngesikhathi sokuhlonzwa nokubukeka kwayo ngemva kokudubula kungase kuhluke encazelweni kuye ngezithasiselo ezisetshenzisiwe (abagcwalisi, odayi, imicu yokuqinisa, njll.).
Ukuhlola sizosebenzisa izinto ezitholakala endaweni yethu: izingcezu ze-foil, amabhodlela kanye nokupakishwa, amashubhu, njll. Kwezinye izinto singathola izimpawu zezinto ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni. Faka isampula kuma-tweezers bese uyibeka emlilweni oshisayo:
1. Irabha (isb. ithubhu elingaphakathi): livutha kalula futhi aliphumi lapho likhishwa kumshini wokushisa. Ilangabi liphuzi ngokumnyama futhi lishunqa kakhulu. Sinuka irabha evuthayo. Izinsalela ngemva kokusha ziyinqwaba enamathelayo encibilikisiwe. (isithombe 1)
2. i-celluloid (njengebhola le-ping pong): livutha kakhulu futhi ngeke licime lapho likhishwa kushishi. Impahla ivutha kakhulu ngelangabi eliphuzi elikhanyayo. Ngemva komlilo cishe akukho okusele okusele. (isithombe 2)
3. I-PS polystyrene (isibonelo, inkomishi yeyogathi): ikhanya ngemva kwesikhashana futhi ayicimi lapho ikhishwa kumshini wokushisa. Ilangabi liphuzi-orange, likhiqiza intuthu emnyama, futhi impahla iyathamba futhi iyancibilika. Iphunga limnandi impela. (isithombe 3)
4. I-polyethylene PE i polypropylene PP (isb. iphakethe le-foil): ivutha kalula futhi ayiphumi lapho ikhishwa kumshini wokushisa. Ilangabi liphuzi nge-halo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-material iyancibilika futhi iyehle. Iphunga likapharafini oshile. (isithombe 4)
5. I-PVC ye-polyvinyl chloride (isb. ithubhu): kunzima ukukhanyisa futhi kuvame ukucisha lapho kukhishiwe kumshini wokushisa. Ilangabi liphuzi nge-halo eluhlaza, kukhiqizwa intuthu encane futhi impahla ithambile ngokuphawulekayo. I-PVC evuthayo inephunga elimnandi (i-hydrogen chloride). (Isithombe 5)
6. I-Polymethyl methacrylate PMMA (isibonelo, ucezu “lwengilazi ephilayo”): luyakhanya ngemva kwesikhashana futhi alucimi lapho lukhishwa kumshini wokushisa. Ilangabi liphuzi nge-halo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka; lapho livutha, into iyathamba. Kukhona iphunga lezimbali. (Isithombe 6)
7. I-Poly (ethyl terephthalate) PET (ibhodlela lesoda): ikhanya ngemva kwesikhashana futhi ivamise ukucisha lapho ikhishwa kumshini wokushisa. Ilangabi liphuzi, liyashunqa kancane. Ungase uqaphele iphunga elinamandla. (Isithombe 7)
8. I-PA polyamide (isb. intambo yokudoba): ikhanya ngemva kwesikhashana futhi ngezinye izikhathi iyacima lapho ikhishwa emlilweni. Ilangabi liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokukhanyayo nethiphu eliphuzi. Impahla iyancibilika bese iconsa. Iphunga lisikhumbuza izinwele ezishile. (Isithombe 8)
9. I-Polyveglan PC (isb. i-CD): Ikhanyisa ngemva kwesikhashana futhi ngezinye izikhathi iyacima lapho ikhishwa elangabini. Ishisa ngelangabi elikhanyayo futhi iyabhema. Iphunga liyisici. (Isithombe 9)
Yibone kuvidiyo:
Ukuhlaziywa komlilo kwamapulasitiki
