SDA RF 2020. Isingeniso.
1.1. Imithetho Yethrafikhi Yangempela 2020** ukusungula i-oda lobumbano lomgwaqo
kuyo yonke iRussia Federation (RF). Eminye imithethonqubo yomgwaqo kufanele
zisekelwe ezimfunekweni zeMithetho futhi ungaziphikisi.** Ngemva kwalokho, Imithetho.
1.2. Kusetshenziswa imiqondo nemibandela elandelayo eyisisekelo eMithethweni:
"Umgwaqo" - umgwaqo ophawulwe ngophawu 5.1 ** nokuba ne- for
ohlangothini ngalunye lokuhamba, izindlela zokuhamba zihlukanisiwe ngomugqa ohlukanisayo (futhi uma
ukungabikho - umgoqo womgwaqo), ngaphandle kwemigwaqo ezingeni elifanayo neminye imigwaqo, ujantshi
noma tramways, abahamba ngezinyawo noma umjikelezo izindlela.
** Ngemuva kwalokhu, ukufakwa kwezinombolo zezimpawu zomgwaqo kunikezwa ngokuya ngeSithasiselo 1 (Izimpawu zomgwaqo).
"Isitimela somgwaqo" - imoto ehambisana ne-trailer
(ama-trailer).
"Ibhayisikili" - imoto, ngaphandle kwesihlalo sabakhubazekile, okuyinto
inamasondo okungenani amabili futhi ivame ukuqhutshwa ngamandla emisipha yabantu,
etholakala kule moto, ikakhulukazi ngokusebenzisa ama-pedals noma izibambo, futhi kungenzeka
ube nemoto kagesi enamandla alinganisiwe kakhulu kumodi yokulayisha eqhubekayo, engeqi
0,25 kW, ivaleke ngokuzenzekelayo ngejubane elingaphezu kwama-25 km / h.
"umgibeli wamabhayisikili" - umuntu oshayela ibhayisikili.
"Umzila webhayisikili" – ihlukaniswe ngokwesakhiwo nomgwaqo kanye
umgwaqo oseceleni komgwaqo (noma umgwaqo ohlukile) ohloselwe ukuhamba kwabahamba ngamabhayisikili futhi
kumakwe uphawu 4.4.1.
“Indawo yebhayisikili”
- indawo ehloselwe ukuhamba kwabagibeli bamabhayisikili, isiqalo nesiphetho sayo esimakwe ngokulandelana ngezimpawu 5.33.1 kanye no-5.34.1.
"Umshayeli" - umuntu oshayela imoto,
umshayeli ohola iphakethe, ukhweza noma umhlambi eceleni komgwaqo. Umshayeli ulinganiswa nokuqeqeshwa
ukushayela.
"Kumiswe ngenkani" - ukumisa ukuhamba kwemoto
ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwayo kwezobuchwepheshe noma ingozi edalwe yimpahla ethuthwayo, isimo somshayeli
(umgibeli) noma isithiyo emgwaqeni.
"Hybrid imoto" - imoto enayo
zingaphansi kwezingu-2 izinto eziguqula amandla (ama-motors) no-2 ahlukile
(ebhodini) izinhlelo zokugcina amandla ngenhloso yokuletha
ukuhamba kwezimoto.
"Umgwaqo omkhulu" - umgwaqo omakwe ngezimpawu 2.1, 2.3.1 - 2.3.7 noma 5.1, ngokusho
maqondana nomgwaqo ohlangothini (oseduze), noma umgwaqo ogandayiwe (i-asphalt nosimende kasimende,
izinto zamatshe nokunye okunjalo) maqondana nokungcola, noma yimuphi umgwaqo maqondana nokuphuma kuwo
izindawo ezakhelene. Ukuba khona emgwaqeni wesibili ngaphambi nje kokuhlangana kwesigaba nge
ukumbozwa akukwenzi kulingane ngenani empambanweni yomgwaqo.
"Daytime Running Lights" – amadivaysi okukhanyisa angaphandle ahloselwe
ukwenza ngcono ukubonakala kwemoto ehambayo ngaphambili ngaphambili ngezikhathi zasemini.
"Umgwaqo" - ifakwe noma ishintshwe futhi isetshenziselwe ukunyakaza
izimoto isiqeshana somhlaba noma ubuso besakhiwo sokufakelwa. Umgwaqo uhlanganisa
umzila owodwa noma eminingi yokuhamba, kanye nojantshi, izindlela zomgwaqo, amahlombe nemizila ehlukanisayo
uma ikhona.
"Ithrafikhi yomgwaqo" - iqoqo lobudlelwano bomphakathi obuvela ku
inqubo yokuhambisa abantu nezimpahla ngezimoto noma ezingenazo emigwaqweni.
"ingozi yomgwaqo" - isigameko esenzeka ohlelweni
ukuhamba emgwaqeni wemoto kanye nokuzibandakanya kwayo, lapho abantu babulawa noma balimala khona,
izimoto, izakhiwo, izimpahla zilimele noma okunye ukulimala kwempahla kubangelwa.
"Ukuwela ujantshi" - ukuwela umgwaqo ngamathrekhi wesitimela
ezingeni elifanayo.
"Umzila wemoto" - imoto jikelele
ukusetshenziswa (ibhasi, trolleybus, tram), okuhloselwe ukuthuthwa kwabantu emigwaqweni nasekuhambeni
ngomzila osethiwe ngezitobhu eziqokiwe.
"Imoto eyimishini" - imoto eshayelwa
ihamba ngenjini. Leli gama lisebenza nakunoma yibaphi ogandaganda nemishini ezizihambelayo.
"Moped" - Imoto enamasondo amabili noma amathathu,
isivinini esikhulu sokuklama esingadluli ku-50 km / h, esinenjini yangaphakathi
amandla omlilo ngevolumu yokusebenza engeqi kuma-cubic metres angama-50. cm, noma imoto kagesi elinganiselwe kakhulu
amandla kumodi yokulayisha eqhubekayo engaphezu kuka-0,25 kW nangaphansi kuka-4 kW. Ilinganiswa nama-moped
ama-quads anezici ezifanayo zobuchwepheshe.
"Isithuthuthu" - imoto enamasondo amabili enecala
nge-trailer noma ngaphandle kwayo, ukufuduka kwayo (esimweni senjini yomlilo yangaphakathi)
idlula ama-cubic metres angama-50 cm noma ijubane elikhulu lokuklama (nganoma iyiphi injini) lidlula ama-50 km / h. TO
amabhayisikili amathathu alinganiswa nezithuthuthu, kanye nama-quadricycle anokwehla kwesithuthuthu noma isiteringi
uhlobo lwesithuthuthu, esinesisindo esingalayishiwe esingeqile kuma-400 kg (550 kg wezinto zokuhamba
kusho ukuthi kuhloselwe ukuthuthwa kwempahla) ngaphandle kokubheka ubukhulu bamabhethri (esimweni sikagesi
izimoto), namandla amakhulu asebenzayo engedluli ku-15 kW.
"Indawo" - indawo eyakhiwe, indawo yokungena nokuphuma kuyo
eziphawulwe ngezimpawu 5.23.1 - 5.26.
“Ukubonakala okunganele” – Ukubonakala komgwaqo kungaphansi kwamamitha angama-300 ngaphansi kwezimo
inkungu, imvula, iqhwa, nokunye okunjalo, futhi kusihlwa.
"Ukudlula" - ngaphambi kwemoto eyodwa noma ngaphezulu,
okuhambisana nokungena kulayini (ohlangothini lwendlela yokuhamba) okuhloselwe ukuminyana kwezimoto, futhi
ukubuyela okulandelayo kulayini owawungene ngaphambili (ohlangothini lwendlela yokuhamba).
"Umgwaqo" - ingxenye yomgwaqo oseduze ngqo nomgwaqo wenqola
ezingeni elifanayo nayo, kwehluka ngohlobo lokumboza noma okugqanyisiwe kusetshenziswa umaki 1.2
esetshenziselwa ukushayela, ukumisa nokupaka ngokuya ngemithetho yeTraffic 2020 yaseRussia (RF).
"Imfundo Yokushayela" - umsebenzi wokufundisa wenhlangano eyenza imisebenzi yezemfundo futhi asebenzise izinhlelo eziyisisekelo zokuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe kubashayeli bezimoto zezigaba ezifanele nezigatshana, abaziqu zabo zihlangabezana nezidingo zemfundo ezibalulwe ezincwadini zereferensi yeziqu kanye (noma) namazinga ochwepheshe (uma ekhona ), efundisa ukushayela imoto.
"ukufunda ukushayela" - umuntu, ngokuhambisana nenqubo emisiwe, aqeqeshelwe umsebenzi ofanele enhlanganweni eyenza imisebenzi yezemfundo futhi esebenzisa izinhlelo eziyisisekelo zokuqeqesha abashayeli bezimoto zezigaba ezifanele nezigatshana, onamakhono okuqala okushayela futhi owazi kahle izidingo zeMithetho.
“Ukubonakala okulinganiselwe” – ukubonakala komshayeli emgwaqeni lapho uya khona
ithrafikhi enqunyelwe indawo, imingcele yejometri yomgwaqo, izimila,
izakhiwo, izakhiwo noma ezinye izinto, kufaka phakathi izimoto.
"Ingozi kuthrafikhi" - isimo esivele ngesikhathi somgwaqo
ukunyakaza lapho ukuqhubeka kokuhamba ngendlela efanayo nangejubane elifanayo kudala usongo
ukwenzeka kwengozi yomgwaqo.
"Izimpahla Eziyingozi" - izinto, imikhiqizo evela kubo, izimboni nezinye imfucuza
imisebenzi yezomnotho, ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo, ezingaba yingozi
impilo nempilo yabantu, ukulimaza imvelo, ukulimaza noma ukucekela phansi impahla ebonakalayo.
"Advance" - ukuhamba kwemoto ngesivinini esikhulu kunaleso
ijubane lemoto edlulayo.
“Izinto zokuhamba ezihleliwe zeqembu lezingane” – ezokuthutha ebhasini ezingahlobene
imoto ye-shuttle, iqembu lezingane zabantu abayisishiyagalombili noma ngaphezulu, eyenziwe ngaphandle kwabo
abazali noma abanye abameli bezomthetho.
"I-convoy yezokuthutha ehleliwe" - iqembu labathathu noma ngaphezulu
izimoto eziqhutshwa ngamandla zilandelana ngqo kulayini owodwa
ukunyakaza ngamalambu angaphambili kuhambisane nemoto yekhanda nge
ezindaweni ezingaphandle ezinezikimu zombala ezikhethekile futhi kufakwe amabhikhoni akhanyayo
imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokubomvu.
“Ikholomu yonyawo ehlelekile” - iqembu labantu eliqokwe ngokuhambisana nesigatshana 4.2 seMithetho, ezihamba ndawonye emgwaqeni endaweni eyodwa
isiqondiso.
"Ima" - ukumisa ngamabomu ukuhamba kwemoto
kuze kube yimizuzu emi-5, nangokuningi, uma kunesidingo sokugibela noma ukwehla kwabagibeli noma
ukulayisha noma ukwehlisa imoto.
"Safety Island" - ingxenye yohlelo lomgwaqo,
ukuhlukanisa imizila (kufaka phakathi imizila yabagibeli bamabhayisikili),
kanye nemizila kanye nojantshi, behlukaniswe ngokwakheka
ukunqamuka kwendlela yokuhamba noma okumakiwe
izindlela zobuchwepheshe zokuphathwa kwethrafikhi kanye
yakhelwe ukumisa abahamba ngezinyawo lapho bewela umgwaqo ohamba izimoto
imigwaqo. Isiqhingi sokuphepha singafaka ingxenye yokwehlukanisa
umzila lapho kubekwa khona abahamba ngezinyawo.
“Indawo yokupaka (indawo yokupaka)” - imakwe ngokukhethekile futhi
indawo edingekayo efakwe futhi ifakwe, okuyingxenye yomgwaqo futhi
(noma) eduze kwendlela yezithuthi (
izikhala ezingaphansi kwesiteji noma ngaphansi kwebhuloho, izikwele nezinye izinto zenethiwekhi yomgwaqo, izakhiwo,
izakhiwo noma izakhiwo ezihloselwe ukupaka izimoto ngokuhlelekile
ngesisekelo noma ngaphandle kokukhokhisa imali ngesinqumo somnikazi noma omunye umnikazi womgwaqo wezimoto,
umnikazi wesiza somhlaba noma umnikazi wengxenye ehambisanayo yesakhiwo, isakhiwo noma isakhiwo.
"Passenger" – umuntu, ngaphandle komshayeli, osemotweni
(kuyo), kanye nomuntu ongena emotweni (ahlale phezu kwayo) noma ophumayo
imoto (yehla).
"Imigwaqo" - indawo yempambanondlela, inkombandlela noma amagatsha emigwaqo
ileveli eyodwa, kukhawulwe yimigqa engokomfanekiso exhuma ngokulandelana okuphambene, iningi
buqamama nendawo maphakathi nomgwaqo, ukuqala kokuzungezwa kwemigwaqo yezithuthi. Iphuma ku-
izindawo ezakhelene.
"Ukwakha kabusha" - ukushiya umzila onabantu abaningi noma umugqa ogcwele
ukugcina inkomba yokuqala yokuhamba.
"Umuntu ohamba ngezinyawo" - umuntu ongaphandle kwemoto emgwaqeni, noma
endleleni yabahamba ngezinyawo noma ngebhayisikili futhi ayisebenzi kuzo. Abahamba ngezinyawo bayalinganiswa
abantu abahamba ngezihlalo ezinamasondo, abashayela ibhayisikili, i-moped, isithuthuthu, abaphethe
ama-sleds, ikalishi, ingane noma isihlalo esinamasondo, kanye nezikeyiti ezinamasondo ezisetshenziselwa ukunyakaza,
ama-scooter nezinye izindlela ezifanayo.
"Indlela yezinyawo" - ifakwe noma ijwayele ukunyakaza
isiqephu somhlaba sabahamba ngezinyawo noma ubuso besakhiwo sokufakelwa, esibhalwe uphawu 4.5.1.
"Indawo yabahamba ngezinyawo" - indawo ebekelwe abantu abahamba ngezinyawo,
ukuqala nokuphela kwayo kumakwe ngokulandelana ngezimpawu u-5.33 no-5.34.
“Indlela yabahamba ngezinyawo nebhayisikili (indlela yebhayisikili)” -
into yomgwaqo ehlukaniswe ngokwakhiwa nomgwaqo wezimoto (noma umgwaqo ohlukile) ohloselwe
ukunyakaza okuhlukene noma okuhlangene kwabagibeli bamabhayisikili nabahamba ngezinyawo futhi kumakwe ngezimpawu 4.5.2 - 4.5.7.
"Umzila" - noma yimiphi imizila ye-longitudinal ye-carriageway,
imakwa noma ayimakiwe ngemaki futhi inobubanzi obanele ukunyakaza kwezimoto kokukodwa
irowu.
“Umzila wamabhayisikili” - umzila wendlela yenqola ohlosiwe
для движения на велосипедах и мопедах, отделенная от остальной проезжей
izingxenye ezinokumakwa okuvundlisiwe futhi ezimakwe ngophawu 5.14.2
“I-Advantage (okubalulekile)” - ilungelo lokushayela kuqala
umkhombandlela ohlosiwe maqondana nabanye abasebenzisi bomgwaqo.
"Ake" - into emile emzileni (inephutha noma
imoto elimele, isici sokuhamba, izinto zangaphandle, njll.), okungavumeli
qhubeka ushayela kulo mzila.
Akunasithiyo ukuminyana kwezimoto noma imoto emile kulo mzila
ngokuya ngezidingo zeMithetho.
“Indawo ezungezile” - indawo eseduze nayo
umgwaqo futhi akuhloselwe ukuhamba kwezimoto (amagceke, izindawo zokuhlala,
izindawo zokupaka, amagalaji kaphethiloli, amabhizinisi nokunye okunjalo). Ukunyakaza endaweni eseduzane kwenziwa ngaphakathi
ngokuhambisana nale Mithetho yemithetho yethrafikhi ka-2020.
"I-trailer" - imoto engenawo injini futhi
okuhloswe ngayo ukuhamba esitimeleni ngemoto eqhutshwa ngamandla. Igama lisakazeka
futhi yama-semi-trailer kanye nokuqaqa ama-trailer.
"Umgwaqo" - ingxenye yomgwaqo ehloselwe ukunyakaza
izimoto ezingenamkhondo.
"Umugqa wokuhlukanisa" - ingxenye yomgwaqo, eyabiwe ngendlela eyakhayo futhi
(noma) ngokusebenzisa ukumakwa 1.2, ukuhlukanisa izindlela zezimoto eziseduze, kanye nomzila wezimoto
eyenzelwe ukuhamba nokumisa izimoto.
"Isisindo esiphezulu esivunyelwe" - ubuningi bemoto ehlomile
kusho ngomthwalo, umshayeli nabagibeli, osungulwe ngumenzi njenge
ubuningi obuvumelekile. Ngobukhulu obuvumelekile besethi yezimoto, okungukuthi
kuhlanganiswe futhi kuhamba konke, isamba sobuningi bezithuthi ezivumelekile
izimali ezifakiwe ekwakhiweni.
"Isilungisi" - umuntu ogunyazwe ngokufanelekile ukwenza kanjalo
ukulawulwa kwethrafikhi esebenzisa amasiginali asungulwe yiMithetho Yomgwaqo 2020, futhi ngqo
ukwenza umthethonqubo ocacisiwe. Isilawuli somgwaqo kufanele sibe ngomfaniswano futhi / noma sibe
uphawu oluhlukile nemishini. Abalawuli babandakanya amaphoyisa nezimoto zamasosha.
ukuhlolwa, kanye nabasebenzi bezinsizakalo zokulungiswa kwemigwaqo, intela ezingeni lokuwela futhi
ukuwela ngesikebhe lapho benza imisebenzi yabo esemthethweni.
Abalawuli baphinde bahlanganise abantu abagunyaziwe phakathi kwabasebenzi bezikhungo zokuphepha kwezokuthutha abenza imisebenzi yokuhlola, ukuhlola okwengeziwe, ukuhlola kabusha, ukubheka kanye (noma) nenhlolokhono ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwezokuthutha, maqondana nokulawulwa kwethrafikhi ezingxenyeni zemigwaqo emikhulu enqunyiwe. ngomthetho kaHulumeni weRussian Federation Federation yangoJulayi 18, 2016 No 686 “Ngokunqunywa kwezingxenye zemigwaqo, izitimela kanye nemigwaqo yamanzi ephakathi nezwe, amaheliport, izindawo zokufikela, kanye nezinye izakhiwo, izakhiwo, amadivaysi kanye nemishini eqinisekisa ukusebenza kwenxanxathela yezokuthutha, okuyizinto zengqalasizinda yezokuthutha”.
"Indawo yokupaka" - ukumisa ngamabomu ukuhamba kwemoto
isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu emi-5 ngezizathu ezingahlobene nokugibela noma ukwehla kwabagibeli noma ukulayisha noma
ethula imoto.
"Isikhathi sasebusuku" - isikhathi sokuphumula kusukela ekupheleni kokuhwalala kuya
ekuseni ngovivi.
"Imoto" - idivayisi eklanyelwe ukuthuthwa
imigwaqo yabantu, izimpahla noma imishini efakwe kuyo.
"I-Pavement" - ingxenye yomgwaqo ehloselwe ukunyakaza kwabahamba ngezinyawo kanye
eduze kwendlela yokuhamba noma indlela yokuhamba, noma ehlukaniswe kubo ngotshani.
“Nikeza indlela (ungaphazamisi)” - imfuneko ukuthi
umsebenzisi womgwaqo akumele aqale, aqhubeke noma aqhubeke nokunyakaza, ukuzivocavoca umzimba
noma yimuphi umzila uma ungaphoqa abanye abasebenzisi bomgwaqo abanobuhlobo naye
inzuzo, shintsha indlela noma ijubane.
"Umsebenzisi womgwaqo" - umuntu othola okuqondile
ukubamba iqhaza kwinqubo yokunyakaza njengomshayeli, ohamba ngezinyawo, umgibeli wemoto.
"Ibhasi lesikole" - imoto ekhethekile (ibhasi) ehlangabezana nezimfuneko zezimoto zokuthutha izingane ezisungulwe ngumthetho wemithethonqubo yezobuchwepheshe, futhi ephethwe noma ngenye indlela ngokusemthethweni engaphansi kwenhlangano yemfundo yasenkulisa noma yemfundo evamile.
"Imoto kagesi" - imoto eshayelwa
kuphela imoto kagesi futhi ikhokhiswe ngu
umthombo wangaphandle kagesi.
1.3. Abasebenzisi bomgwaqo baphoqelekile ukuthi bazi futhi bahambisane nezidingo zeMithetho ephathelene nabo,
izimpawu zamarobhothi, izimpawu nezimpawu, kanye nokulandela imiyalo yabalawuli bezimoto abasebenza ngaphakathi
imikhawulo yamalungelo abanikezwe wona nokulawula ithrafikhi ngamasinali amisiwe.
1.4. Ukuhamba kwezimoto ngakwesokunene kumiswa emigwaqweni.
1.5. Abasebenzisi bomgwaqo kumele benze ngendlela yokuthi bangazibeki engcupheni
ukunyakaza futhi ungalimazi.
Akuvunyelwe ukonakalisa noma ukungcolisa ubuso bomgwaqo, ukususa,
ukuvimba, ukulimaza, ukufakwa okungagunyaziwe kwezimpawu zomgwaqo, amarobhothi nezinye izindlela zobuchwepheshe
inhlangano yezimoto, shiya izinto emgwaqweni eziphazamisa ukuhamba. Umuntu ophazamise
ubophezelekile ukuthatha zonke izindlela zokukuqeda, futhi uma lokhu kungenzeki, khona-ke ngezindlela ezitholakalayo
qinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzisi bomgwaqo bayaziswa ngobungozi futhi bazise amaphoyisa.
1.6. Abantu abaphula iMithetho ye-2020 banesibopho ngokuhambisana nomthetho osebenzayo.
