I-Paris Air Show 2017 - izindiza nezindiza ezinophephela emhlane
Ngokungangabazeki enye yezihlabani ezinkulu kulo nyaka, i-Lockheed Martin F-35A Lightning II. Emibukisweni yansuku zonke, umshayeli wefekthri wethule inqwaba yemidlalo ye-acrobatic emoyeni, engafinyeleleki endizeni yesizukulwane sesine, naphezu komkhawulo wokulayishwa ngokweqile ku-4 g.
NgoJuni 19-25, inhloko-dolobha yaseFrance iphinde yaba yindawo lapho ukunakwa kochwepheshe bemboni yezindiza kanye nomkhathi kuhlonishwa khona. I-52nd International Aviation and Space Salon (Salon International de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace) e-Paris inikeze ithuba lokwethula ama-premiere ambalwa omkhakha wezempi kanye namasosha emboni yezokundiza emhlabeni jikelele. Ababonisi abangaphezu kuka-2000 banikeze amashumi ezinkulungwane zezivakashi, kuhlanganise nezintatheli ezigunyaziwe ezingaba ngu-5000, ngamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo.
Isethi yagcwaliswa yisimo sezulu esishisayo ngempela, okuyinto, ngakolunye uhlangothi, engazange yonakalise izibukeli, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ivumele abashayeli bezindiza ekubonisweni ukuba bacabange ngokugcwele amakhono emishini.
Izindiza zokulwa ezinenjongo eziningi
Sizoqala lokhu kubuyekezwa ngezinhlobo ezinhlanu zezindiza zokulwa ezinendima eziningi ezethulwa "emvelweni", singabali amamodeli afihlwe emahholo. Ukuba khona kwabo okuningi kuhlanganisa umphumela wezidingo zamabutho ahlomile emazweni aseYurophu, ukuhlela ushintsho ezizukulwaneni zezindiza ezisetshenziswayo. Ngokweminye imibiko, eminyakeni ezayo, amazwe aseZwekazi Elidala azothenga izimoto ezintsha zaleli klasi ezingaba ngu-300. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi abadlali abathathu kwabahlanu ababalulekile kule ngxenye yemakethe babonise imikhiqizo yabo eParis, okungenzeka ukuthi izohlukanisa le makethe phakathi kwabo. Sikhuluma ngayo: I-Airbus Defense & Space, eyethule i-Eurofighter Typhoon endaweni yayo, inkampani yaseFrance i-Dassault Aviation ne-Rafale yayo kanye ne-American giant Lockheed Martin, imibala yayo yayivikelwe yi-F-16C (esimeni sase-US. Umnyango Wezokuvikela). I-Defence, esenethuba lokuthengiswa kwelayisense e-India, okuqinisekiswe isimemezelo sokuthunyelwa kuleli zwe lomugqa wokuhlanganisa we-Block 70) kanye ne-F-35A Lightning II. Ngokungeziwe kule mishini, indiza yesimanje iMirage 2000D MLU ikhonjiswe esitebeleni se-ejensi yaseFrance i-DGA. Ngeshwa, naphezu kwezimemezelo zokuqala, isiShayina esilingana ne-F-35, i-Shenyang J-31, asikafiki eParis. Owokugcina, njengezimoto zaseRussia, wethulwa nje njengenhlekisa. Phakathi kwalabo abalahlekile kukhona ne-Boeing ne-F/A-18E/F Super Hornet yayo, kanye ne-Saab, eyandizela phezu kwenguqulo ye-JAS-39E Gripen ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kweSalon.
Ukuba khona kwe-F-35A Lightning II eParis bekujabulisa kakhulu. Abantu baseMelika, uma kubhekwa isidingo saseYurophu, esingafaki nje kuphela inguqulo "yakudala" ye-F-35A, bafuna ukusebenzisa wonke amathuba ukuze bathole amaphuzu okukhangisa. Izindiza ezimbili ezilandelanayo ezisuka e-Hill base ekucushweni kwe-Block 3i (okuningi kulokhu kamuva) zandizela enhloko-dolobha yase-France, kodwa phakathi nemibukiso yansuku zonke yomshini wokundiza, umshayeli wefekthri yakwa-Lockheed Martin wahlala esicongweni. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi zombili lezi zimoto bezingenazo (ezibonakala ngaphandle) izinto ezikhulisa indawo esebenza kahle yokubonisa i-radar, kuze kube manje "eyayijwayelekile" kwabangewona abase-US imibukiso ethi B-2A Spirit noma i-F-22A Raptor. Umshini wafaka umbukiso wendiza oguquguqukayo, nokho, owawukhawulelwe ku-g-force eyayingakwazi ukudlula u-7 g, okwakuwumphumela wokusebenzisa isofthiwe ye-Block 3i - naphezu kwalokhu, ukuhambahamba kungase kusimangaze. Azikho izindiza zaseMelika 4 noma 4,5. ayinazo ngisho nezici zendiza eziqhathanisekayo, futhi okuwukuphela kwemiklamo enamandla afanayo kwamanye amazwe ane-controlled thrust vector.
Lo nyaka ube nezithelo ezinhle kakhulu ohlelweni lwe-F-35 (bona i-WiT 1 kanye no-5/2017). Umkhiqizi useqalile ukudiliva ama-F-35C amancane e-Lemur Naval Aviation Base, lapho kwakhiwa khona iqembu lokuqala lezempi laseMelika ngesisekelo salezi zindiza (ukungena ukulungela ukulwa kokuqala ngo-2019), i-USMC idlulisa u-F. -35Bs ukuya esikhungweni se-Iwakuni e-Japan ngezimoto ezengeziwe ze-US Air Force zenze uhambo lokuqala e-Europe. Inkontileka yenqwaba yevolumu ephansi ye-10 iholele ekwehlisweni kwentengo ka-$94,6 wezigidi ze-F-35A Lightning II. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yomibili imigqa yokuhlangana yokugcina yangaphandle yaqala ukusebenza, e-Italy (i-F-35B yokuqala yase-Italy yakhiwa) naseJapane (i-Japanese F-35A yokuqala). Imicimbi emibili ebalulekile ihlelelwe ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka - ukulethwa kwe-Norwegian F-35A yokuqala esizindeni sase-Erland kanye nokuphothulwa kwesigaba socwaningo nentuthuko. Njengamanje, indiza yomndeni i-F-35 isetshenziswa ezisekelweni eziyi-35 emhlabeni jikelele, isikhathi sabo sokundiza sesisonke sisondela esiqongweni samahora ayi-12, okukhombisa isikali sohlelo (cishe amayunithi angama-100 alethiwe kuze kube manje). Amanani akhuphukayo okukhiqiza abone u-Lockheed Martin efika ku- $000 million ngentengo ye-F-220A Lightning II ngo-2019. Yebo, lokhu kuzokwenzeka uma sikwazi ukuqeda inkontileka, okuxoxiswana ngayo njengamanje, yenkontileka yokuqala yesikhathi eside (ivolumu ephezulu), okufanele ihlanganise amaqoqo amathathu okukhiqiza ngamakhophi angaba ngu-35.
