Ukuhluleka kwenjini kaphethiloli. Izimpawu ezi-5 Zokulungisa Okumba Eqolo
Okuqukethwe
Izinjini zikaphethroli zithathwa njengezingeyona inkinga futhi abashayeli abaningi bayabakhetha ngoba ishibhile ukusebenza edolobheni. Yiqiniso, zishisa kakhulu emgwaqeni kunozakwabo bakadizili, kodwa amabanga amafushane edolobheni awazihlaba umxhwele. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amayunithi kaphethiloli awanazo izithiyo futhi izakhi eziningi zingashaya isikhwama sethu semali kanzima. Yini ephuka kaningi nokuthi ungakugwema kanjani ukuwohloka okubizayo?
Uma amayunithi kaphethiloli amadala asikho isihlungi se-particle noma "isisindo esiphindwe kabili", khona-ke ezinjini zanamuhla lokhu kuvamile kakhulu. Izakhi eziningi nazo zivamile ngamayunithi edizili, njenge-turbocharger, ekwazi ukuthulula isikhwama sakho kokubili umnikazi kaphethiloli kanye "nomuntu obhemayo". Yini enye engahamba kabi? Yini okufanele uyinake ngokukhethekile?
Ukuhlukana kwenjini. Isandiso sochungechunge lwesikhathi
Ngokusho "kochwepheshe" abaningi, uchungechunge lwesikhathi lungunaphakade futhi akufanele ubheke kulo ukuze ungonakalisi lutho. Uma umakhenikha wakho enale mibuzo, kufanelekile ukubheka omunye ongazange athathe izifundo ngokuqondile kubakhiqizi. Eqinisweni, isixazululo esinjalo kwakufanele sinciphise ukumelana kwenjini futhi siqinisekise ukuqina okuphakade, ngeshwa, iqiniso liqinisekisa ngokushesha izinhlelo nezithembiso zabakhiqizi bezimoto nokushayela. Yebo, isikhathi seketango sizohlala isikhathi eside kunasebhandeni, kodwa uma sekuya ngasemaphethelweni bese umshayeli engayinaki isevisi, avele avalelise enjinini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimweni eziningi, ukufaka esikhundleni se-timing chain ngeketanga kubiza kakhulu futhi abashayeli abaningi, abafuna ukuqeda inkinga, bathengisa imoto ngokushesha lapho bezwa imisindo ephazamisayo. Ngakho-ke, lapho uthenga imoto esetshenzisiwe nge-timing chain, kufanele uhlole ngokucophelela isimo sayo ukuze ugweme ingozi ebiza kakhulu.
Bheka futhi: I-brake fluid. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa eyethusayo
Ezinjinini eziningi, okuyinkinga kakhulu i-chain tensioner. Umsebenzi wayo, noma kunalokho ipiston ekhethekile elawula ukungezwani kwayo, incike ekucindezelweni kwamafutha. Uma ingcindezi ingekho, i-tensioner ivamise ukuhlehla (ikakhulukazi uma imile), ngaleyo ndlela yenza iketango libe buthaka. Uma umsindo wensimbi omfushane uzwakala lapho uqalisa injini, iketango aliqini. Uma umsebenzisi wemoto engakulungisi ukungasebenzi ngesikhathi, kungase kunqamuke iketango noma ibhande lesikhathi lingase ligxume, nalo elihlotshaniswa nokuhlangana kwama-valve namapiston.
I-recipe kuphela yokugwema imiphumela engathi sína enjalo ayikona nje ukuhlola okuvamile, kodwa futhi ukushintshwa kwazo zonke izingxenye uma kukhona ukwephulwa okutholakalayo. Ngokwemvelo, yonke ikhithi kufanele ishintshwe, okuhlanganisa ama-tensioners, ama-guide, amagiya, njll. Inani? Lokhu kuncike kakhulu enjinini nobunzima bokufinyelela kumshini wesikhathi. Ngokuvamile kufanele ufake izindleko okungenani ze-PLN 1500, nakuba ezimweni eziningi izindleko zingafika ku-PLN 10.
Ukuhlukana kwenjini. Izindandatho ezigugile futhi ezinokukhubazeka 
Esinye isici okwakufanele sikhulise impilo yamayunithi e-drive futhi sibenze "isondlo samahhala", futhi ngenxa yalokho kwaholela ezinkingeni nekhanda lomshayeli. Sikhuluma ngama-piston rings ancipha ukuze kwehliswe ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwenjini. Yebo, i-coefficient of friction yancishiswa, kodwa lokhu ngokushesha kwaphenduka umphumela ohlangothini - ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela okuphezulu kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye encane kanye nesakhiwo esibucayi sabangela ukumuncwa kwamafutha okungafanele, okwaholela ekuwohlokeni kwawo ngesilinganiso esishaqisayo - ngisho ilitha kuwo wonke amakhilomitha angu-1000 ahambayo. Uma umshayeli engaphenduli ngesikhathi futhi engazange ahlole njalo izinga lamafutha kanye nesimo se-pistons, amasilinda namasongo, lokhu kungaholela ekugijimeni okusheshayo kweyunithi yamandla.
Izimpawu? Lokhu kusobala - ukulahlekelwa ngokushesha kwamafutha lapho kungekho ukuvuza, intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka evela epayipini lokukhipha umoya ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukusebenza okuphezulu kweyunithi yamandla kanye nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuphezulu kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma lezi zimpawu zokugcina zenzeka, isigaba sokubanjwa kwenjini singase sibe sibi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kuwufanele ukusabela kusengaphambili. Ukuqeda inkinga kuze kube phakade, isibonelo, kumayunithi e-TSI, kufanelekile ukuguqula ama-pistons abe amasongo amakhulu angenayo inkinga yokukhipha amafutha. Ngeshwa, izindleko zomsebenzi onjalo zivela ku-PLN 5000 kuya ku-10 ayizinkulungwane.
Ukuhlukana kwenjini. Ukufakwa kwe-carbonaceous deposits
Omunye umphumela ohlangothini wokuthuthukisa izinjini ngokombono wemvelo. Nakuba ziningi impela lezi zithako ezinjinini zikadizili, zigcinwa zisezingeni eliphansi ezinjinini ezindala zikaphethiloli. Kodwa-ke, ukuvuselelwa kwegesi ekhipha umoya okunamandla kusetshenziswa, isibonelo ngokuqondisa amagesi e-exhaust abuyele ohlelweni lokuthatha ukuze kuncishiswe izinga lokushisa lawo kanye nokukhishwa kwetiyela kanye ne-soot. Nakuba ezinjinini ezinomjovo ongaqondile, ukungcola kukhukhulwa ngophethiloli ojovwa ezinhlobonhlobo, lokhu akusakwenzeki ngomjovo oqondile. Waba yini umphumela? Ukwakheka kokuthatha kanye nokuvinjelwa kokugeleza komoya okuholela ekulahlekelweni kokucindezelwa kwenjini, ukulahlekelwa amandla nokulahlekelwa isiko lokusebenza. Ukufingqa: injini ilahlekelwa ngokushesha izakhiwo zayo zangempela futhi isebenza kabi kakhulu kuzo zonke izici.
Izimpawu kulula ukuzibona, ngoba, njengoba sesishilo kakade, injini igijima kakhulu - izwakala kakhulu, inamandla amancane, idlidliza, njll. Ukuze uqiniseke, kufanelekile ukuhlola i-inlet nge-endoscope ku-workshop yochwepheshe, bese ukuhlanza noma ukushintsha indawo yokungena. Inketho yokuqala ilula futhi ihlanganisa ukuthambisa insipho ngamakhemikhali akhethekile, bese imunca ukungcola. Lena indlela eshibhile, kodwa engathembekile futhi eyingozi. Kungcono kakhulu ukudiliza izakhi ezihloselwe ukuhlanza, okungukuthi i-inlet, ikhanda, ama-valve, njll. Izindleko zendlela yokuqala zingama-PLN angamakhulu amaningana, indlela yesibili inokwethenjelwa kakhulu, kodwa ibiza kakhulu - kufika ku-2000 PLN. .
Ukuhlukana kwenjini. Ama-electronics anephutha njengezinzwa, iyunithi yokulawula injini, amakhoyili okuthungela
Izinzwa eziningi ziyisishayo sabashayeli. Ziningi zazo futhi ngayinye inesibopho samapharamitha ahlukene, futhi uma enye yazo ihluleka, iyunithi yamandla ngokuvamile iyeka ukusebenza ngokujwayelekile, iyaphuma, ingene kumodi ephuthumayo, njll. Sikhuluma ngezinzwa zokuma kwe-crankshaft, indawo ye-camshaft, i-detonation, isisindo somoya ngokuvamile sibizwa ngokuthi i-flow meter noma i-lambda probe. Ngeshwa, izinzwa ziyehluleka kaningi, ikakhulukazi uma zisetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinokhahlo.
Uma inzwa ihluleka, ungayibukeli phansi, susa amaphutha, ama-plugs, njll. Inzwa eyonakalisiwe kufanele ishintshwe, ngoba ukuvuselelwa nokulungiswa akunakwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko zokushintshwa azikho ngokweqile - ngokuvamile zisuka ku-PLN 100 ziye ku-PLN 300. Imiphumela yokunganaki ukwehluleka kwenzwa nokuzama ukuyidlula ingaba yingozi kakhulu, okungaholela ekulimaleni kwezinye izingxenye zenjini kanye nemishini yayo.
Uma sikhuluma nge-elekthronikhi, ukuwohloka okungathí sina kakhulu futhi okubiza kakhulu kuzoba ukuwohloka kwesilawuli semoto. Izimpawu zivame ukuza ngokuzumayo futhi zihlanganisa izinkinga zokuqala iyunithi, ukungasebenzi kahle, undulating, njll Kunezizathu eziningi: kusukela ekufakweni okusha kwe-HBO, umonakalo ngenxa yokugqoka, ukuchayeka ezintweni eziyingozi njengokushisa noma umswakama, njll. Umshayeli angavuselelwa uma inkinga iwukuthi, isibonelo, -1500 PLN.
Ukwehluleka kwekhoyili yokubasa nakho kuyabiza, ngokuvamile kuboniswa ngokungenzi lutho kwenjini (rpm), ukuphelelwa amandla, ukukhanya kwenjini, noma izinkinga zokuqalisa iyunithi yokushayela. Uma amakhoyili alimele, kufanele ashintshwe amasha - izindleko zingaba ngamakhulu amaningana we-zloty ucezu ngalunye.
Ukuhlukana kwenjini. Izinkinga ngama-turbocharger
Ungabhala izincwadi mayelana nezinkinga ze-turbo. Ngokusebenza kahle nokugcinwa kahle, zingahlala amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamakhilomitha, ukuphatha imoto engenalwazi, imizamo enesimiso esilungisiwe, ukuntuleka kokunakekelwa kokupholisa okufanele kanye nokugcoba "kungakwazi ukuqeda" i-turbocharger ngemva kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa. amakhilomitha. Ungayisebenzisa kanjani kahle imoto ene-turbocharged? Ungayigijimisi injini ngesivinini esiphezulu, gwema ukumisa imoto ngokushesha ngemva kokushayela okude noma okuguquguqukayo, sebenzisa okokugcoba okufanele, shintsha uwoyela njalo, njll.
Izimpawu zokuqala ezingabonakala ngenkathi ushayela ukwanda komsindo wenjini uma ivuliwe. Ngokuvamile umsindo uvela cishe ku-1500-2000 rpm. Uma izwakala ngokucacile, i-metallic, kufanelekile ukuhlola i-turbine ku-workshop yochwepheshe. Ukuqeda izikhala zokuqala noma ukubuyisela izindleko ze-turbine ukusuka ku-500 kuye ku-1500 PLN. Uma i-turbine izoshintshwa, izindleko zikhuphuka izikhathi eziningana. Kodwa-ke, uma i-turbine ilimele futhi izingxenye zayo zingena ngaphakathi kwedrayivu, injini ingalimala ngokuphelele.
Bheka futhi: I-Kia Stonic ekuhlolweni kwethu
