Izici zedivayisi, izinzuzo nezinkinga zokuqalisa kwegiya

I-starter iyithuluzi elidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lokuqala injini. Enye yezinhlobonhlobo zayo ukuqala nge-gearbox. Lo mshini ubonwa njengosebenza kahle kakhulu futhi unikeza ukuqala okusheshayo kakhulu kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Kodwa-ke, kanye nezinzuzo zayo eziningi, nayo inezinkinga zayo.

Yini i-starter eno-gearbox

Ukuqala kwamagiya kungenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zedivayisi enikeza injini ukuqala emotweni. U-gearbox uyakwazi ukushintsha ijubane ne-torque ye-starter shaft, athuthukise ukusebenza kwayo. Ngokuya ngezimo ezicacisiwe, u-gearbox angakhuphula futhi anciphise inani le-torque. Ukuqala okusheshayo nokulula kwenjini kuqinisekiswa ngokuxhumana okusebenzayo kwe-bendix kanye ne-armature, lapho kukhona u-gearbox.

Umshini wokuqalisa ono-gearbox wenza kube lula ukuqala injini, noma kumazinga okushisa aphansi. Ngakho-ke, ezifundeni ezinezimo ezibandayo, kunconywa ukufaka lolu hlobo lwedivayisi ezimotweni.

Umklamo kanye nohlelo lokuqalisa kwamagiya

Isiqalo esino-gearbox siqukethe izingxenye ezimbalwa eziyinhloko, ezibandakanya:

• i-bendix (ifreewheel);
• motor kagesi;
• edluliselwe retractor;
• gearbox (imvamisa iplanethi);
• imaski;
• imfoloko.

Indima enkulu ekusebenzeni kwento idlalwe ngesinciphisi. Kungenxa yokuthi i-bendix ihlangana nenjini, iqala ngempumelelo injini yomlilo yangaphakathi noma ngabe ishaja ephansi yebhethri.

Ukusebenza kokuqalisa nge-gearbox kwenzeka ngezigaba eziningana:

1. i-current isetshenziswa kuma-windings we-relay solenoid;
2. isibhamu semoto kagesi sidonswa, ukudluliswa kuqala umsebenzi waso;
3. I-Bendix ifakiwe emsebenzini;
4. oxhumana nabo be-patch bavaliwe, kusetshenziswa i-voltage kagesi kubo;
5. i-starter motor ikhanyisiwe;
6. ukujikeleza kwesikhali kuqala, i-torque idluliselwa ku-bendix nge-gearbox.

Ngemuva kwalokho, i-bendix isebenza ku-flywheel yenjini, iqala ukujikeleza kwayo. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi indlela yokusebenza icishe ifane nesiqalo esivamile, ukudluliswa kwe-torque nge-gearbox kunikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kwenjini eqala.

Umehluko kusiqalo esivamile

Ukuba khona kuka-gearbox umehluko obalulekile wesakhiwo kusuka enguqulweni ejwayelekile.

• Indlela yegiya isebenza kahle kakhulu. Isibonelo, i-starter ene-gearbox iyakwazi ukuqala injini yomlilo yangaphakathi noma ngebhethri eliphansi. Emotweni ene-starter evamile, injini ngeke iqale kulokhu.
• Isiqalo esine-gearbox asinawo ama-splines asebenzisana ne-bendix ejwayelekile.
• Indlu yegiya yenziwe ngepulasitiki eliqinile. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokwakha.
• Isiqalo esino-gearbox sidinga ukusetshenziswa kwamandla amancane. Iyakwazi ukusebenza ngisho nakumandla aphansi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuqala kahle kwenjini ezimeni ezinzima.

Yakha izinzuzo nezinkinga

Isiqalo segiya sibhekwa njengenketho yedivayisi esithuthuke kakhulu nethembekile. Kodwa-ke, uma lo mshini ubungeke ube nokubi, ukusetshenziswa kwalolu hlobo lokuqalisa bekuzokwanda kakhulu.

Izinzuzo ezibalulekile zifaka:

• injini eshesha kakhulu iqala ngisho emazingeni okushisa aphansi;
• ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi;
• ubukhulu obumbene nesisindo esincane.

Kanye nobuhle, i-gear starter inezinkinga zayo:

• ubunzima bokulungiswa (imishini ngokuvamile idinga ukushintshwa);
• ubuthakathaka besakhiwo (ukunciphisa isisindo, izingxenye zepulasitiki zisetshenzisiwe ezingamelana nomthwalo kuphela kuze kube yimikhawulo ethile).

Ukungasebenzi kahle okuvamile

Uma i-starter inephutha, nakanjani izinkinga zokuqala injini zizovela. Uma injini yomlilo yangaphakathi iqala umsebenzi wayo ngobunzima, kungahle kube nezizathu eziningana.

• I-starter motor ayisebenzi lapho ukhiye uvulwa kukhiye wokuthungela. Iphutha kufanele libhekwe koxhumana nabo be-patch bedluliseli le-solenoid. Ngemuva kokuqaqa idivayisi, udinga ukuhlola oxhumana nabo, uma kutholakala ukungasebenzi kahle, kumiselele.
• I-starter motor yinhle, kodwa injini ayiqali kahle. Izinkinga zingavela ku-gearbox noma ku-bendix. Kunconywa ukuqaqa ukuqala futhi uhlole izinto ezichaziwe. Uma iphutha liqinisekisiwe, izingxenye zenkinga zingashintshwa noma i-starter entsha ingathengwa.
• Ukudluliswa kwe-retractor kusebenza kahle, kepha izinkinga ngokuqala kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi zisekhona. Isizathu mhlawumbe sifihliwe ekushayeleni kwemoto.

Uma kutholakala izinkinga ngokusebenza kuka-gearbox, kunconywa ukuthi ushintshe i-starter ufake entsha.

Ngaphandle kwesipiliyoni, kunzima kakhulu ukulungisa i-starter nge-gearbox. Ngemuva kokuqaqa idivaysi, ungabheka kuphela ubuqotho bezingxenye zayo. Kungcono ukuphathisa ukuqedwa kwezinkinga ngokufaka izinsimbi kumuntu osebenza ngogesi.

Kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe i-starter ene-gearbox yabashayeli bezimoto abahlala beqhuba imoto ezindaweni ezibandayo. Idivayisi izohlinzeka ngesiqalo esithe xaxa senjini lapho isiqalisi esivamile singabi namandla. Umshini wegiye unempilo yenkonzo eyandisiwe. Ububi obukhulu besakhiwo ukuthi cishe bungalungiswa.