Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezingxube zokhonkolo ze-asphalt

Ukwakheka okujwayelekile kukakhonkolo we-asphalt kucishe kube okulandelayo: itshe elichotshoziwe, isihlabathi (ochotshoziwe noma wemvelo), impuphu yamaminerali kanye nebitume. Ukwakheka kokugcina kokumbozwa kutholakala ngokubala kahle ubukhulu, ukubuka ukushisa okuthile nokuxinana usebenzisa inqubo ekhethekile.

Asphalt base ukhonkolo - isibopho esitholwe ngokuxuba i-mineral powder ne-bitumen. Ngemuva kokuxuba isihlabathi entweni enjalo, kutholakala ingxube, ebizwa ngokuthi isisombululo se-asphalt.
I-asphalt yamanzi - leli ithuluzi elibalulekile lokuthola imifantu enamathela futhi ngosizo lwalo ungakwazi ukuqeda kalula imifantu https://xn--80aakhkbhgn2dnv0i.xn--p1ai/product/mastika-05. Ukuze kwandiswe impilo yesevisi yendawo egandaywe ngetiyela izikhathi eziningi, i-Mastic 05 iyithuluzi elingasetshenziswa ngisho ngaphandle kokuhlangenwe nakho okukhethekile nekhono emsebenzini wetiyela.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuxubana kokhonkolo we-asphalt. Zihlukaniswa yizinga lokushisa lapho ukwakheka kubekwe khona, kanye nezinga le-viscosity yebitume. Lezi zingxube ziyashisa, ziyafudumala futhi ziyabanda. Ngezansi sizoxoxa ngomgomo wokubeka usebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuxubana kwe-asphalt.

1. Umxube we-asphalt oshisayo ulungiswa kusetshenziswa ibitume elibukhali. Ithempelesha yokulungiselela ukwakheka igcinwa ngaphakathi kobubanzi obungu-140-160 ° C, kuyilapho kubeka kwenziwa ezingeni lokushisa cishe le-120 ° C (kepha hhayi ngaphansi kwalokho). Isakhiwo sakhiwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokubambana.

2. Amamiksi wezinga lokushisa eliphakathi (okufudumele), ngesikhathi sokulungiselela adinga amazinga okushisa kusuka ku-90 kuye ku-130 ° C. I-flooring yenziwa ngo-t = 50-80 ° C. Kulokhu, ukwakheka kuthatha isikhathi eside ukwakheka - kusuka emahoreni ambalwa kuye emasontweni amabili. Isikhathi sincike ohlotsheni lwebhitume elisetshenzisiwe.

3. Ukulungiswa kohlobo lwesithathu lwemixube - kusetshenziswa amakhaza, ibitume eliketshezi. Umbuso wezinga lokushisa uyadingeka lapha kuphela ngesikhathi sokulungiselela (kufika ku-120 ° C), ngenkathi ukubeka kwenziwa ngemuva kokuba ingxube selehlile. Kukhona, yiqiniso, kubuchwepheshe obunjalo kanye nokususa - isikhathi sokuqina nokwakheka kwenhlanganisela kuleli cala side kakhulu - kusuka ezinsukwini ezingama-20 kuye enyangeni. Leli gama libuye lincike ohlotsheni nasekusheshiseni kokuqina kwebitume elikhethiwe, nethrafikhi yezokuthutha, kanye nezimo zezulu.

Futhi, izinhlobo zemixube kakhonkolo ye-asphalt ziyahlukaniswa ngokuya ngosayizi wezinhlayiya zengxenye eqinile, enamaminerali yokwakhiwa. Kukhona ukhonkolo we-asphalt okhonjiwe (usayizi wezinhlayiyana - kufika ku-25 mm), uhlolwe kahle (kufika ku-15 mm) nesihlabathi (usayizi ophakeme wokusanhlamvu - 5 mm).

Ngokusho kokwakheka nezinhlobo zezisekelo, kunezinhlobo ezilandelayo zemixube kakhonkolo we-asphalt:

a) yokulungiselela ukwakheka kokhonkolo okufudumele nokushisayo okushisayo:
• i-polygravel (okuqukethwe kwe-rubble ekubunjweni - 50-65%);
• itshe eliphakathi nendawo (35-50% lamatshe achotshoziwe);
• i-gravel ephansi (i-20-35% gravel engxenyeni);
• isihlabathi esinesihlabathi esichoboziwe, usayizi wezinhlayiyana 1,25-5,00 mm;
• isihlabathi esisuselwa esihlabathini semvelo,
• usayizi wezinhlayiyana - 1,25-5,00 mm;

b) yokulungiselela ukhonkolo wohlobo lwe-asphalt olubandayo:
• itshe elichotshoziwe - izingxenyana 5-15 noma 3-10 mm;
• igravel ephansi - izingxenyana 5-15 noma 3-10 mm;
• sandy, ngosayizi wezinhlayiyana eziyi-1,25-5,00 mm;

Isendlalelo esingezansi sendawo yokuhamba ukhonkolo we-asphalt kuvame ukwenziwa ngokubalwa kwamaphesenti angu-50-70 wamatshe achotshoziwe. Futhi, uhlobo lwenhlanganisela ye-asphalt incike endleleni yokuhlanganiswa esetshenziswe kungqimba lomgwaqo. Kunezingxube ezisakazwayo, ezigoqiwe, ezigoqiwe nezinyakazisiwe (ezihlanganiswe nepuleti elidlidlizelayo).