Incazelo nomgomo wokusebenza kohlelo lokulawulwa kokuzinza ESC

Uhlelo lokulawulwa kokuqina kwe-ESC uhlelo lokuphepha olusebenza ngogesi, inhloso enkulu yawo ukuvikela imoto ekushibilikeni, okungukuthi, ukuvimbela ukuphambuka emzileni obekiwe ngesikhathi sokuhamba okubukhali. I-ESC inelinye igama - "uhlelo lokuqina olushukumisayo". Isifinyezo i-ESC simele i-Electronic Stability Control - elektroniki ukuzinza ukulawula (i-ESC). IStability Assist wuhlelo olunzulu oluhlanganisa amandla e-ABS ne-TCS. Ake sicabangele isimiso sokusebenza kohlelo, izingxenye zalo eziyinhloko, kanye nezici ezinhle nezimbi zokusebenza.

Indlela uhlelo olusebenza ngayo

Ake sibheke umgomo wokusebenza kwe-ESC sisebenzisa isibonelo se-ESP (Electronic Stability Program) esivela kwaBosch, efakwe ezimotweni kusukela ngo-1995.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ku-ESP ukucacisa kahle isikhathi sokuqala kwesimo esingalawuleki (esiphuthumayo). Ngenkathi ushayela, uhlelo lokuzinza luqhubeka ngokuqhathanisa imingcele yokuhamba kwemoto nezenzo zomshayeli. Uhlelo luqala ukusebenza uma izenzo zomuntu ngemuva kwesondo zihluka kumapharamitha wangempela wokuhamba kwemoto. Isibonelo, ukujika okubukhali kwesondo lokushayela ekhoneni elikhulu.

Uhlelo lokuphepha olusebenzayo lungasimamisa ukuhamba kwezimoto ngezindlela eziningana:

• ngokwaphula amasondo athile;
• ushintsho ku-torque yenjini;
• ukushintsha i-engeli yokujikeleza kwamasondo angaphambili (uma kufakwe uhlelo lokuqondisa);
• ushintsho ngezinga lokuncipha kwezinciphisi ezishaqisayo (uma kufakwa ukumiswa okuguqukayo).

Uhlelo lokulawulwa kokuzinza aluvumeli imoto ukuthi yeqe ngale kwe-trajectory esinqunyiwe esinqunyiwe. Uma izinzwa zibona ongaphansi, khona-ke i-ESP ibhuleka isondo langaphakathi langaphakathi iphinde ishintshe ne-torque yenjini. Uma kutholwa i-oversteer, isistimu izobhuleka isondo langaphandle langaphambili futhi iguqule ne-torque.

Ukubhidliza amasondo, i-ESP isebenzisa uhlelo lwe-ABS eyakhelwe phezu kwalo. Umjikelezo womsebenzi uhlanganisa izigaba ezintathu: ukukhuphula ingcindezi, ukugcina ingcindezi, ukunciphisa ingcindezi ohlelweni lwe-braking.

I-torque yenjini iguqulwa uhlelo lokuqina lokuqina ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

• ukukhansela ushintsho lwegiya ku-gearbox ozenzakalelayo;
• umjovo wephethiloli ophuthelwe;
• ukushintsha isikhathi sokushisa;
• ukushintsha i-engeli ye-valve mpintsha;
• ukudubula kabi;
• ukwabiwa kabusha kwe-torque eceleni kwama-asi (ezimotweni ezinamasondo amane).

Idivayisi nezinto eziyinhloko

Uhlelo lokulawulwa kokuzinza luyinhlanganisela yezinhlelo ezilula: i-ABS (ivimba amabhuleki ukuthi angakhiyi), i-EBD (isabalalisa amabhuleki), i-EDS (ikhiya umehluko ngobuchwepheshe), i-TCS (ivimbela ukushelela kwamasondo).

Uhlelo lokuzinza olunamandla lubandakanya izinzwa, i-elektroniki yokulawula iyunithi (i-ECU) kanye ne-actuator - iyunithi ye-hydraulic.

Izinzwa ziqapha imingcele ethile yokuhamba kwemoto bese ziyidlulisela kuphiko lokulawula. Ngosizo lwezinzwa, i-ESC ihlola okwenziwa ngumuntu osesondweni, kanye nemingcele yokuhamba kwemoto.

Uhlelo lokulawula ukuqina kwezimoto lusebenzisa ingcindezi yamabhuleki kanye nama sensors angle ama-steering wheel kanye ne-light light switch yokuhlola indlela umuntu aziphatha ngayo. Imingcele yokuhamba kwezimoto ihlolwe yizinzwa zokucindezela ukubopha, isivinini samasondo, isivinini semoto ye-angular, ukushesha kwe-longitudinal kanye ne-lateral.

Ngokuya ngemininingwane etholwe kusuka kuzinzwa, iyunithi yokulawula ikhiqiza amasiginali wokulawula okwenziwa yizinhlelo eziyingxenye ye-ESC. Imiyalo ye-ECU ithola:

• ama-valve wokungena nokukhiya ama-valve;
• ama-valves aphezulu wokucindezela kanye ne-traction control changeover valve;
• amalambu okuxwayisa i-ABS, i-ESP nohlelo lwamabhuleki.

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, i-ECU ixhumana neyunithi yokulawula ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo, kanye neyunithi yokulawula injini. Iyunithi yokulawula ayigcini ngokuthola amasiginali avela kulezi zinhlelo, kepha futhi ikhiqiza izenzo zokulawula zezakhi zazo.

Khubaza i-ESC

Uma uhlelo lokuzinza olunamandla "luphazamisa" umshayeli ngenkathi ushayela, khona-ke lungakhubazeka. Imvamisa kunenkinobho ezinikele kudeshibhodi yalezi zinhloso. Kunconywa ukukhubaza i-ESC ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• lapho usebenzisa isondo elincane le-spare (stowaway);
• lapho usebenzisa amasondo obubanzi obuhlukile;
• lapho ushayela otshanini, iqhwa elingalingani, umgwaqo ongekho emgwaqweni, isihlabathi;
• lapho ugibele ngamaketanga eqhwa;
• ngesikhathi unyakazisa imoto, ebhajwe eqhweni / odakeni;
• lapho kuhlolwa umshini kusitendi esinamandla.

Izinzuzo zesistimu nokubi

Ake sicabangele izinzuzo nezingozi zokusebenzisa uhlelo lokuqina olushukumisayo. Izinzuzo ze-ESC:

• kusiza ukugcina imoto ngaphakathi kwe-trajectory enikeziwe;
• kuvimbela imoto ekugingqikeni;
• ukuzinza kwezitimela zomgwaqo;
• kuvimbela ukushayisana.

nemibi:

• i-esc idinga ukukhubazeka ezimweni ezithile;
• engasebenzi ngejubane eliphezulu nemisebe yokujika emincane.

Isicelo

ECanada, e-USA kanye nasemazweni e-European Union, kusukela ngo-2011, uhlelo lokulawula ukuzinza luyimpoqo kuzo zonke izimoto. Qaphela ukuthi amagama ohlelo ayahluka ngokuya ngomkhiqizi. Isifinyezo se-ESC sisetshenziswa ezimotweni zakwaKia, Hyundai, Honda; I-ESP (Electronic Stability Program) - ezimotweni eziningi eYurophu naseMelika; I-VSC (Vehicle Stability Control) ezimotweni zakwaToyota; Uhlelo lwe-DSC (Dynamic Stability Control) kuLand Rover, BMW, izimoto zeJaguar.

IDynamic Stability Control ingumsizi omuhle kakhulu oseceleni komgwaqo, ikakhulukazi kubashayeli abangenalwazi. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi amathuba we-elektroniki nawo awunamkhawulo. Uhlelo luyehlisa kakhulu amathuba engozi ezimweni eziningi, kepha umshayeli akufanele alahle ukuqapha.