Incazelo kanye nenqubo yokusebenza kohlelo lokupaka oluzenzakalelayo

Ukupaka imoto mhlawumbe yindlela ehamba phambili edala ubunzima kubashayeli, ikakhulukazi abangenalwazi. Kodwa hhayi kudala, uhlelo lokuzenzakalela lwaqala ukufakwa ezimotweni zesimanje, ezenzelwe ukwenza lula impilo yabashayeli.

Luyini uhlelo lwe-Intelligent Auto Parking

Uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo lokupaka luyinkimbinkimbi yezinzwa nabamukeli. Baskena isikhala bese behlinzeka ngokupaka okuphephile noma ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka komshayeli. Ukupaka okuzenzakalelayo kungenziwa kokubili okuhambisanayo nokufana.

IVolkswagen yaba ngeyokuqala ukwakha uhlelo olunjalo. Ngo-2006, kwethulwa ubuchwepheshe obusha bePark Assist kwiVolkswagen Touran. Uhlelo selube yintuthuko yangempela embonini yezimoto. I-autopilot yenze indlela yokupaka yodwa, kepha izinketho bezilinganiselwe. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-4, onjiniyela bakwazi ukuthuthukisa uhlelo. Kulezi zinsuku, itholakala ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezimoto zesimanje.

Inhloso enkulu yokupaka okuzenzakalelayo ukunciphisa isibalo sezingozi ezincane edolobheni, nokusiza abashayeli ukuthi bapake izimoto zabo ezindaweni ezixinene. Indawo yokupaka izimoto ivulwa futhi icishwe ngumshayeli ngokuzimela, uma kunesidingo.

Izakhi eziyinhloko

Isistimu yokupaka okuzenzakalelayo ehlakaniphile isebenza ngokubambisana namadivayisi ahlukahlukene nezakhi zemoto. Iningi labakhiqizi bezimoto lenza izinhlelo zalo, kepha zonke zinezinto ezithile ekubunjweni kwazo, kufaka phakathi:

• Ibhlokhi yokulawula;
• izinzwa ze-ultrasonic;
• ikhompyutha ebhodini;
• amadivayisi okuphatha.

Akuzona zonke izimoto ezingahlonyiswa ngomsebenzi wokupaka. Ukuze isebenze kahle, ukufakwa kwamandla kagesi nokudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo kufanele kufakwe. Izinzwa ziyefana nezinzwa zokupaka, kepha zinebanga elikhuphukile. Izinhlelo ezihlukile ziyahluka ngenani lezinzwa. Ukwenza isibonelo, uhlelo oludumile lwePark Assist lunezinzwa eziyi-12 (ezine ngaphambili nezine ngemuva, okunye okusezinhlangothini zemoto).

Indlela uhlelo lokusebenza olusebenza ngayo

Lapho uhlelo lusebenza, ukufuna indawo efanelekayo kuqala. Izinzwa zihlola isikhala kude no-4,5-5 wamamitha. Imoto ihamba ngokufana nezinye izimoto eziningi futhi lapho nje kutholakala indawo, uhlelo luzokwazisa umshayeli ngayo. Ikhwalithi yokuskena isikhala incike esivinini sokuhamba.

Ngokupaka okufanayo, umshayeli kufanele akhethe uhlangothi azobheka kulo indawo ekahle. Futhi, imodi yokupaka kufanele ivulwe kumamitha ayi-3-4 ukuya endaweni oyifunayo bese ushayela lawa mabanga ukuskena. Uma umshayeli ephuthelwe indawo ephakanyisiwe, usesho luqala phansi.

Okulandelayo, inqubo yokupaka ngokwayo iyaqala. Ngokuya ngomklamo, kungaba nezindlela ezimbili zokupaka:

• okuzenzakalelayo;
• semi-othomathikhi.

В imodi semi-othomathikhi umshayeli ulawula isivinini semoto nge-brake pedal. Kunesivinini esanele sokungenzi lutho sokupaka. Ngesikhathi sokupaka, isiteringi nokulawulwa kokuqina kubhekwa yiyunithi yokulawula. Isikrini sokubonisa imininingwane senza umshayeli ukuthi ame noma agudlise igiya lokuya phambili noma ukuhlehlisa. Ngokuqhuba ngokusebenzisa amandla kagesi, uhlelo luzoyipaka kalula imoto ngendlela efanele nangokuphepha. Ekupheleni kokuhamba, isignali ekhethekile izokhombisa ukusebenza ngempumelelo.

Imodi ezenzakalelayo ikuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe ngokuphelele ukubandakanyeka komshayeli. Kuzokwanela nje ukucindezela inkinobho. Uhlelo ngokwalo luzothola indawo futhi lwenze konke ukuhamba. Amandla esiteringini nokudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo kuzoba ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwunithi lokulawula. Umshayeli angaze aphume emotweni abheke inqubo ohlangothini, aqale futhi acishe uhlelo kuphaneli yokulawula. Futhi ungashintshela kumodi enes semi-othomathikhi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Izimo ezingathandeki zokusebenza kohlelo

Njenganoma iyiphi inqubo, uhlelo lokupaka lungenza amaphutha futhi lisebenze ngokungalungile.

1. Ukuma kwezimoto ezingomakhelwane kungathinta ukunemba kokunqunywa kwendawo yokupaka. Ngokufanelekile, kufanele zihambisane nonqenqema lomgwaqo futhi zingadluli ukuphambuka okuhlobene komunye nomunye, kanye nolayini wokupaka ka-5 °. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukupaka okulungile, i-engeli phakathi kwemoto nolayini wokupaka akufanele idlule ku-10 °.
2. Lapho ufuna indawo yokupaka, ibanga eliseceleni phakathi kwezimoto ezimile kumele okungenani libe ngamamitha ayi-0,5.
3. Ukuba khona kwe-trailer yezimoto ezingomakhelwane nakho kungaholela ephutheni ekunqumeni indawo.
4. Ukuvunyelwa okuphezulu komhlaba ezimotweni ezinkulu noma emalolini kungadala amaphutha okuskena. Izinzwa zingamane zingaboni futhi zikuthathe njengendawo engenalutho.
5. Ibhayisikili, isithuthuthu noma udoti endaweni yokupaka endaweni ethile kungenzeka kungabonakali kuzinzwa. Lokhu kufaka nezimoto ezinomzimba nobukhulu obungalingani.
6. Izimo zezulu ezinjengomoya, iqhwa noma imvula zingaphazamisa amagagasi e-ultrasonic.

Izinhlelo zokupaka izimoto ezivela kubakhiqizi abahlukene

Ukulandela iVolkswagen, amanye ama-automaker aqala ukuthuthukisa ngenkuthalo amasistimu afanayo, kepha inqubo nenqubo yokusebenza kwawo iyafana.

• IVolkswagen - Ipaki Isiza;
• I-Audi - Uhlelo Lokupaka;
• Uhlelo lwe-BMW - Remote Park Assist;
• Abakwa-Opel - Advanced Park Assist;
• IMercedes / Ford - Active Park Assist;
• ILexus / iToyota - Uhlelo Lokulekelela Ukupaka Okukhaliphile;
• I-KIA - SPAS (Uhlelo Lomsizi Wokupaka Okuhlakaniphile).

Izinzuzo nokungalungi

Njengokusungula okuningi, lesi sici sinezinzuzo nezingozi zaso. Ama-pluses afaka okulandelayo:

• ukupaka izimoto okulungile nokuphephile noma ungenawo amakhono anele okushayela;
• kuthatha isikhathi esincane ukuthola indawo yokupaka nokupaka. Imoto ithola indawo yokupaka iyodwa futhi ingapaka endaweni lapho kuhlala khona u-20 cm ezimotweni ezingomakhelwane;
• ungakwazi ukulawula ukupaka kude usebenzisa iphaneli yokulawula;
• uhlelo luqala futhi lume ngokucindezela inkinobho eyodwa.

Kepha kukhona nokubi:

• izimoto ezinokupaka okuzenzakalelayo zibiza kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa nezimoto ezifanayo ngaphandle kwayo;
• ukuze uhlelo lusebenze, imoto kufanele ihambisane nemishini yezobuchwepheshe (amandla kagesi, ukuhambisa okuzenzakalelayo, njll.);
• uma kwenzeka ukuwohloka noma ukulahleka kwezinto zesistimu (irimothi, izinzwa), ukubuyiselwa nokulungiswa kuzobiza;
• uhlelo aluhlali lunquma ngokunembile amathuba okupaka kanye nokusebenza kwawo okulungile imibandela ethile kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nayo.

Ukupaka okuzenzakalelayo ngezindlela eziningi intuthuko embonini yezimoto. Kwenza kube lula ukupaka ngesigqi esimatasa samadolobha amakhulu, kepha futhi inezinkinga zayo nezimo zokusebenza. Ngokungangabazeki, lokhu kuyisici esiwusizo nesisebenzayo sezimoto zanamuhla.