U-Omar - i-crustacean enamandla kakhulu yezikhali zasePoland
Ishothi esebenzayo yesiqalisi se-HIMARS phakathi nokwethulwa kokulwa komcibisholo oqondisiwe we-GMLRS.
Uhlelo lwemishini kabusha yezobuchwepheshe ye-Armed Forces ye-2013-2022 ihlinzeka ngokuthengwa kwamamojula omlilo we-divisional (DMOs) weziqhumane ze-missile zebanga elide "Khomar" njengengxenye yohlelo lokusebenza "Isimanjemanje samabutho acitshwayo kanye nezikhali. " UMnyango Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke unqume ukuthi uHomar uzokwakhiwa njengengxenye yenhlangano yezinkampani zasePoland eholwa nguHuta Stalowa Wola SA, ozosungula ukubambisana nozakwethu wangaphandle, umphakeli wobuchwepheshe be-missile, okhethwe nguMnyango Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke. Izinqumo zokuthi ubani ozoba ngumnikezi welayisensi nokusayinwa kwenkontileka yokusebenza kwawo wonke umsebenzi zingalindelwa kulo nyaka, futhi amamojula okuqala eLobster azolethwa kumayunithi ngo-2018.
Uhlelo lukaHomar lusemthethweni - emithonjeni yezindaba nenkulumo-ze - lwethulwa njengolubizwa kanjalo. Impendulo yesiPolish ku-Iskander, futhi ngokubanzi njengengxenye yalokho okubizwa. I-Polskie Kłów, okungukuthi, inkimbinkimbi yezinhlelo ezicitshwayo okufanele zakhe uhlelo lwasePoland lokuvinjelwa okujwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwama-nuances emfundiso yokuvimbela imicibisholo evamile kanye nokulandisa kwenkulumo-ze okukhulunywe ngakho ekuqaleni, okuvusa isiqubulo esaziwayo mayelana nejikijolo njengomvini waseNyakatho, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi ukumiswa kabusha nokunwetshwa kweRocket yethu. kanye ne-Artillery Forces (i-VRiA) iyadingeka ngenxa yendima enkulu eyenziwa yileli butho elinomusa enkundleni yempi yesimanje. Ukwengeza, ukuqaliswa ngempumelelo kohlelo lwe-Homar kuzonweba amayunithi ezikhali zamarokhethi. Njengamanje, banezinhlelo zemicibisholo eyi-122 mm kuphela: i-WR-40 Langusta, RM-70/85 kanye ne-9K51 Grad, evumela ukudubula ebangeni elingafika ku-20 km (ngemicibisholo yasekuqaleni) kuze kufike ku-40 km (nge-Feniks- Z kanye ne-Feniks-HE), zisebenzisa amarokhethi angagadiwe kuphela. Ukwethulwa kohlobo olusha ngokuphelele lwe-multi-barrel field rocket launcher "i-Khomar" emkhathini kufanele kukhuphule ububanzi bomthelela womlilo, kanye nokunemba kanye namandla omlilo. I-Homar futhi ihloselwe ukwakha kabusha izikhali zasePoland zemicibisholo ye-ballistic eqondisiwe.
Okwedlule nekusasa
Ukwethulwa kohlobo olusha lomcibisholo we-ballistic we-Tactical kusuka e-Khomar empeleni kuzobuyisela amandla okulwa alahlekile ngokuhoxiswa kwezinhlelo ze-missile ze-9K79 Tochka. Ngesikhathi se-Warsaw Pact, i-VRiA yasePoland yayinamabutho adubulayo asebenza nge-tactical kanye ne-tactical missile squadrons, okwathi kukho konke ukuphila kwabo kwakuhlome ngezinhlelo ze-missile zaseSoviet, ezibhalwe emfundisweni yamanje yemisebenzi yokusebenza ye-Warsaw Pact. Ngesikhathi sokuchithwa kwale nyunyana, ama-brigades amane - okuhlanganisa nokuqeqeshwa - kwemicibisholo esebenzayo-tactical eqinisweni elisha lezombangazwe aqanjwa kabusha abe yi-missile regiments, bese ahlakazwa ekupheleni kokusebenza kwe-8K14 / 9K72 Elbrus complexes. , amapharamitha awo obuhlakani nawobuchwepheshe aye anqunywa kusengaphambili iziteleka ezingajwayelekile kuphela (inuzi noma amakhemikhali). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, cishe ithimba lezempi lemicibisholo elicijwayo laqala lahlelwa kabusha, lahlanganiswa laba yimishini yezikhali ezicitshwayo, futhi kancane kancane yaqedwa eminyakeni eyalandela. Ngakho-ke, i-9K52 Luna-M kanye ne-9K79 Tochka izinhlelo zahlala zisebenza isikhathi eside, zihoxiswe ngokuphelele enkonzweni ngo-2001 no-2005. yayingabalulekile. Kodwa-ke, uLun noTochka bachithwa ngaphandle kokushintshwa kwemishini emisha, ngakho-ke i-Ground Forces yalahlekelwa amandla okuletha imicibisholo ebangeni elingama-60-70 km. Manje kufanele uqale cishe yonke into kusukela ekuqaleni ngohlelo lweLobster.
Kuyafaneleka ukungeza lapha ukuthi ibutho lasePoland alikaze lihlome ngezinhlelo zemicibisholo yasensimini yezinga elikhulu kuneGrad, okungukuthi, 9K57 Uragan (220 mm) noma 9K58 Smerch (300 mm). Ngakho-ke, ukuqaliswa kohlelo lwe-Khomar kuzovumela, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuthola amakhono amasha ngokuphelele emkhakheni wezinhlelo zamaconsi amaningi (okukhulu nakakhulu, uma sicabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwemiklamo ye-missile ngokwayo, eyenziwa phezu eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule) futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ibuyisela amandla okulwa emkhakheni wemicibisholo ecitshwayo ye-ballistic esebenza ngokunemba kakhulu. Ngakho-ke ake sibone ukuthi yikuphi okunikezwayo ongakhetha kukho.
I-HIMARS ATACMS
Emjahweni wenkontileka ye-Lobster ezayo, i-Lockheed Martin (i-LMC) kanye ne-HIMARS yayo (i-High Mobility Artillery Rocket System), i.e. isistimu ye-missile yezikhali ezihamba phambili ezihamba phambili, kunjalo, zinesikhundla esiqine kakhulu. Ngokwesakhiwo, iphuma kusistimu eyaziwa kudala i-M270 MLRS (uhlelo lwamarokhethi amaningi), olwethulwa eButhweni Lezempi lase-US ngo-1983. Iziqalisi zangempela ze-MLRS, i-M993, zisebenzise i-chassis elandelwa umkhondo ye-M987. Isiqalisi ngasinye se-MLRS besihlome ngamasistimu emicibisholo eyi-6 mm caliber amabili anemijikelezo engama-227 lilinye. Uhlobo lwerokhethi evamile kwakuyi-M26 engagadiwe enobubanzi obungu-32 km, iphethe i-cluster warhead equkethe imizuliswano yokuhlukana kweziqhumane eziqhuma phezulu engu-644 M77. Ngokushesha, i-missile ye-M26A1 yathuthukiswa ngebanga lenyuka laya ku-45 km, liphethe amarokhethi angaphansi kwe-M518 HEAT amasha angu-85, athembeke kakhulu kune-M77 (amaphesenti aphansi e-ordnance engaqhunyiswa). Kwakukhona futhi umcibisholo ocitshwayo ophakathi nendawo, i-M26A2, owawufana ncamashi nenguqulo ye-A1 ekwakhiweni, kodwa wawusephethe imicibisholo eyinsalela ye-M77 ngaphambi kokuba ukukhiqizwa kwama-M85 amasha kufinyelele esikalini esifanele.
Uhlelo lwe-M270 / A1 / B1 MLRS luphenduke umklamo ophumelele kakhulu, luzibonakalise ezingxabanweni eziningi ezihlomile, futhi seluthole abamukeli abaningi e-NATO (USA, Great Britain, France, Germany, Netherlands, Italy, Denmark. , Norway, Greece, Turkey) futhi ayinakho kuphela (okuhlanganisa i-Israel, Japan, Republic of Korea, Finland). Ngesikhathi sokuziphendukela kwayo, i-MLRS ngo-1986 nayo yaba isiqalisi sesizukulwane esisha sezikhali ezicitshwayo (ngokokuhlukaniswa kwe-NATO) zeButho Lase-US, i.e. ibutho lezempi le-missile system MGM-140 (ATACMS), ethathe indawo ye-MGM-52 Lance endala.
I-ATACMS ekuqaleni yasungulwa yi-Ling-Temco-Vought Corporation (LTV, ngaleso sikhathi eyayiyingxenye yeqembu le-Loral, manje eseyi-Lockheed Martin Missiles & Fire Control). Ubukhulu berokhethi kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukulayisha isiqukathi sokwethulwa kwayo esikhundleni sephakheji elilodwa lamarawundi angama-227-mm, ngenxa yalokho i-MLRS engase ibe isiqhumane se-missile ecitshwayo.
Kodwa-ke, i-MLRS, ngenxa yesibungu sayo esinesisindo esingamathani angama-25, yayinomkhawulo wokuhamba kwamasu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iButho Lezempi Lase-US kuphela elasebenzisa i-MLRS Embuthweni Wezempi Wase-US, futhi yayisinda kakhulu kuMbutho Wasolwandle. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, inguqulo elula ye-M270 yathuthukiswa, i.e. isistimu ekhethwe e-US njenge-M142 HIMARS, iphromothwe njenge-HIMARS e-Poland. Uhlelo olusha lusebenzisa iloli elingamathani angu-5 elisuka kuchungechunge lwe-Oshkosh FMTV ekucushweni okungu-6x6 njengesithwali. I-chassis yayo ifakwe isiqalisi sephakethe elilodwa lemizuliswano eyisithupha engu-227mm noma umjikelezo owodwa we-ATACMS. Ukunciphisa isisindo sokulwa sibe amathani angu-11 kanye nobukhulu obuncane obuholele
ukuthi i-HIMARS iphinde yathenga i-USMC. Osolwandle manje sebengakwazi ukuthutha iziqalisi ze-HIMARS ngendiza yokuthutha i-KC-130J Super Hercules abayisebenzisayo. I-American HIMARS inezindawo zokulala ezihlomile, okwandisa ukuphepha, okuhlanganisa nempi ye-asymmetric. Isistimu yokulawula umlilo yekhompuyutha ikuvumela ukuthi uqondise isiqalisi kanye nomlilo ngaphakathi kwemoto. Uhlelo lokuzulazula lusebenzisa amapulatifomu angasebenzi kanye ne-GPS.
Ngokukhetha i-HIMARS, i-Poland ingakhetha ngokuzimela isithwali sama-asi amathathu noma amane. I-LMC ihlinzeka ngokuhlanganiswa nanoma iyiphi i-chassis, ngakho-ke i-FMTV akufanele ibe yinto engavamile kuButho LasePoland.
I-HIMARS missile launcher ifakwe kwisisekelo esijikelezayo, ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo lungakwazi ukukhetha ngokukhululekile indawo yokudubula futhi lunomkhakha omkhulu womlilo, okunciphisa isikhathi sokungena empini nokushintsha izikhundla. Ilukuluku endabeni ye-HIMARS ukwenqatshwa kwemilenze ye-hydraulic esongwayo, okubangela ukuthi isiqalisi sokudubula sinyakaze ngobudlova ngemva kokuba kuqhunyiswe iphrojekthi ngayinye. Nokho, lokhu akuthinti ukunemba komlilo. Kungani? Ngenxa yomqondo owamukelwe wohlelo lokusebenza, i-HIMARS ishisa kuphela amakhatriji anembe kakhulu, i.e. I-M30/M31 ku-227mm kanye ne-ATACMS. Yebo, i-HIMARS iyakwazi ukudubula noma yiziphi izinhlamvu ze-MLRS Family of Munitions (MFOM), okuhlanganisa imindeni yamarokhethi e-M26 kanye ne-M28. Ukunyakaziswa kweziqalisi, okubonakala ngemva kokudubula izinhlamvu ze-MFOM, akuthinti ukunemba kokushaya imicibisholo, kokubili okuqondiswayo nokungaqondisiwe. I-M26 projectile engahlosiwe ishiya umhlahlandlela weshubhu lokuqalisa ngaphambi kokuba impendulo yayo izwakale ngokwanele ukuthinta ukunemba. Ngemuva kokudubula, ukushwiba okuqondile kuyama ngokushesha, okuvumela i-salvo elandelayo ukuthi ifinyelele ukunemba okuhloswe ngakho.
Imicibisholo engu-M30 / M31 yaziwa ngokuthi i-GMLRS (Guided MLRS), okuyi-MLRS eqondisiwe ekwazi ukuzulazula nokulungisa inkambo phakathi nendiza. Ziyintuthuko yamarokhethi angaqondisiwe i-M26. I-missile ngayinye ifakwe isistimu yokuqondisa evimbela umsindo esekelwe ku-inertial ne-satellite navigation ye-GPS, ikhala elinama-rudder aerodynamic. Ikhono lokulungisa i-trajectory (kanye nokucaba kwayo) kweprojectile engenayo kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukukhulisa ibanga lendiza libe ngu-70 km (min. 15 km) futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kwehliswe iphutha le-Probable circular (CEP) libe ngaphansi kuka-10 m. I-GMLRS inobude obungu-396 cm futhi vele i-227 mm (okuyigama) ububanzi. Ekuqaleni, i-rocket ye-M30 yayiphethe amarokhethi angu-404 M85. I-M31, ebizwa nangokuthi yi-GMLRS Unitary, yayinekhanda lempi elihlanganisiwe eline-TNT elingana no-90 kg, efakwe i-fuse esebenza kabili (thintana noma ukuqhuma okubambezelekile ngokungena ngesenzo). Inguqulo yamanje ye-GMLRS eyodwa ekukhiqizweni yi-M31A1, enenketho eyengeziwe yokuqhuma kwe-airburst ngenxa ye-proximity fuse. U-Lockheed Martin uphinde wafaneleka i-M30A1 AW (Alternative Warhead). Ibonakala ngokuhlangabezana nezidingo ze-M30 ecitshwayo ecishe ibe ngu-1% uma iqhathaniswa nethagethi yangaphezulu ihlanganiswe nezinga elinguziro lezinhlamvu.
Emhlabeni, izikhali ze-cluster, ngeshwa, zine-PR embi kakhulu, ngakho iqembu elikhulu lamazwe lijoyine lokho okubizwa ngokuthi. I-Convention on Cluster Munitions, ukuchithwa kwezikhali ezinjalo. Ngenhlanhla, i-Poland ayikho phakathi kwawo, futhi awekho amazwe ambalwa azivikela ngokungathi sína noma angabakhiqizi bezikhali zamaqoqo, okuhlanganisa i-US ne-Israel (kanye ne-Russia, i-China, i-Turkey, i-Republic of Korea, i-India, i-Belarus ne-Finland). ). Umuntu angase azibuze ukuthi ngabe iPoland izodinga yini izikhali ezingamaqoqo ezingama-227mm ezingagadiwe. Mayelana nalokhu, abamele i-LMC sebekulungele ukuphakamisa ukusetshenziswa kwekhanda lempi le-M30A1 AW.
Ngokuthenga uhlelo lwe-HIMARS, iPoland ingathola nezinhlamvu zokuqeqeshwa, i.e. amarokhethi angaqondisiwe i-M28A2 ane-aerodynamics ehlanekezelwe ngamabomu kanye nobubanzi obuncishisiwe baba ngu-8÷15 km.
Yonke imicibisholo engu-227mm ingagcinwa kumamojula awo avaliwe iminyaka eyi-10 ngaphandle kwesidingo sanoma yikuphi ukulungiswa.
Kunzima ukucabangela ngokweqile inzuzo yesistimu ye-HIMARS ngokombono womsebenzisi (ikakhulukazi emazweni angakwazi ukukhokhela ukwethulwa kwezinhlelo eziningi zezikhali ezihlukene) - ikhono lokuguqula kalula futhi ngokushesha isiqhumane sokudubula sibe isiqhumane sezikhali ezicitshwayo. Kulokhu, umcibisholo we-ATACMS okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla. Sizowudlula umlando wokuthuthuka kwayo, sivaleleke kunketho ehlongozwayo yasePoland. Kuwukuhluka kwe-ATACMS Block 1A (Unitary) - enekhanda lempi elilodwa elingahlukani ekundizeni - ngebanga elingu-300 km, i.e. umcibisholo osebenzayo-tactical (ngokusho kwesigaba sangaphambili se-Warsaw Pact) - ngokuhambisana nezidingo zohlelo lwe-Homar. I-ATACMS conical fuselage emise okwefuselage yayifakwe izindawo ezine ze-aerodynamic ezivezwa ngemva kokudubula. Cishe u-2/3 wobude be-hull uhlala injini eqinile ephehlayo. I-warhead kanye nesistimu yokuqondisa kufakwe engxenyeni engaphambili, kusetshenziswa ukuzulazula kwe-GPS okungamelana ne-jam kanye nesathelayithi. Inhlamvu inobude obungaba ngu-396 cm nobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-61. I-warhead inesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-500 (cishe ama-230 kg - isisindo sayo yonke iphrojekthi iyimfihlo). I-CEP ifinyelela inani elingaphakathi kwamamitha ayi-10, okwenza i-Block IA inembe kangangokuthi ingasetshenziswa ngaphandle kokwesaba ukubangela umonakalo omkhulu wengozi (indawo yokucekela phansi icishe ibe yi-100 m). Lokhu kungaba okubaluleke kakhulu uma lo mcibisholo udutshulwe ezindaweni ezihlosiwe ezindaweni zasemadolobheni noma uthintana ngqo namasosha akhe. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuklanywa kwe-warhead kanye nendlela yokuqhunyiswa kwayo, ngokusho kwabameleli be-BMO, ilungile ngokushaya ngempumelelo izinhlobonhlobo zezinhloso, zombili eziqinisiwe nezibizwa ngokuthi zithambile. Lokhu kufakazelwe kokubili phakathi nokuhlolwa kokufaneleka nangesikhathi sokusebenzisa ukulwa.
Isiqalisi sohlelo lweLynx siqhumisa ama-projectiles angu-160mm LAR.
Ngendlela, amandla esiphakamiso se-LMC ayimiphumela yokulwa yokusetshenziswa kwemicibisholo ye-GMLRS ne-ATACMS kanye namavolumu ayo okukhiqiza. Okwamanje, imicibisholo ecitshwayo ye-GMLRS engu-3100 idutshulwe empini (kwengaphezu kuka-30 ekhiqiziwe!). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izingcezu ze-000 zazo zonke ukuguqulwa kwemicibisholo ye-ATACMS sezivele zakhiqizwa (kuhlanganise ne-3700 Block IA Unitary), futhi abaningi abangaba ngu-900 babo baxoshwa ezimweni zokulwa. Lokhu kwenza i-ATACMS mhlawumbe ibe imicibisholo ecitshwayo eqondiswayo yesimanje esetshenziswa kakhulu ekulweni engxenyeni yekhulu edlule.
Kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi i-HIMARS ka-Lockheed Martin njengomnikelo ka-Homar iwuhlelo oluthembeke kakhulu, olufakazelwe impi futhi olusebenzayo olubonakala ngokutholakala kokusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu, okuholela ekusebenzeni kahle okukhulu kokulwa. Ibanga elisebenzayo lesistimu ku-300 km linikeza ikhono lokuletha isiteleka esisheshayo nesinembile. Ukusebenzisana nokuhlanganiswa nabanye ozakwethu be-NATO kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukusekela ngokuhlanganyela ukusebenza, futhi kungaba isengezo esinengqondo ohlelweni lwezindiza lwe-AGM-158 JASSM oseluyaliwe. U-Lockheed Martin ukulungele ukubambisana kakhulu nemboni yezokuvikela yasePoland ekuhlinzekeni ngohlelo lwe-Homar olusekelwe ku-HIMARS, oluvumela inhlobonhlobo yopholoni, kanye nokugcinwa kwabo kanye nokwenza kube yisimanje okwalandela.
Okunye ukudubula kwesiqalisi se-Lynx, kulokhu kudubula umcibisholo ocijile ongu-160mm Accular.
i-lynx
Izinkampani zakwa-Israel, i.e. I-Israel Military Industries (IMI) kanye ne-Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) yenze isiphakamiso esiyimbangi e-US, futhi iziphakamiso zabo zohlelo lwe-Homar ziyahambisana. Ake siqale ngohlelo olwakhiwe yi-IMI, isiqalisi se-rocket field se-Lynx se-multi-barrel.
Umqondo we-Rysi uwumnikelo wemakethe okhangayo njengoba uyisiqalisi se-rocket field se-modular multi-shot esingasetshenziswa ukuqhumisa amarokhethi angu-122mm Grad kanye nezikhali zesimanje eziqondiswayo zase-Israel ngamakhaliba amathathu ahlukene. Uma ukhetha, i-Lynx ingaba isiqalisi se-cruise missile esisekelwe phansi. Ngakho-ke, ngokuthenga isistimu eyodwa, uzokwazi ukwenza ngokwezifiso i-firepower yezikhali zakho, uzivumelanise nemisebenzi kanye nesimo samanje samaqhinga.
Uma uqhathanisa izinhlelo ze-Lynx ne-HIMARS, ukufana okuthile komqondo kungabonakala. Womabili amasistimu afakwe emalolini angekho emgwaqeni. Endabeni yohlelo lwaseMelika, kwakuyimoto eyayivele isetshenziswa yi-US Army kanye ne-US Marine Corps. Kodwa-ke, endabeni ye-Lynx, ungasebenzisa noma yiliphi iloli elingekho emgwaqeni ekuhlelweni kwe-6 × 6 noma 8 × 8 ngomthwalo ofanele. Uma kubhekwa ukuthi i-Lynx ingadubula namarokhethi angu-370mm, kunengqondo ukukhetha inkampani yenethiwekhi enkulu. I-IMI ithi izohlanganisa isiqalisi nemoto eyi-6x6 noma i-8x8 ekhethwe uhlangothi lwasePoland. Kuze kube manje, i-Lynx ifakiwe emalolini abakhiqizi baseYurophu nabaseRussia. Isiqalisi sohlelo lwe-Lynx, njenge-HIMARS, sibekwe esisekelweni esinamandla okujikeleza, ngenxa yokuthi sinenkululeko yokukhomba ebangeni le-90 ° ku-azimuth (kufika ku-60 ° ukuphakama angle), esiza kakhulu. ukukhetha okuhlosiwe. indawo yokudubula futhi kunciphisa isikhathi sokuvula. Umehluko obonakalayo ngokushesha phakathi kwesistimu yakwa-Israel kanye nolwaseMelika ukuba khona kwezisekelo ezigoqayo zama-hydraulic ekuqaleni. Ukukhawulela ukudlidliza kweziqalisi ngesikhathi sokudubula ngokuqinisekile kunomthelela omuhle ezingeni elingokoqobo lomlilo nokunemba lapho kuqhunyiswa amarokhethi angaqondisiwe. Nakuba, ngokwemibono yabathuthukisi bayo, i-Lynx kufanele ibe uhlelo olunembile noma olunembile, kuye ngokuthi imicibisholo esetshenziswayo.
Futhi njengoba sekushiwo kakade, kungaba nezinhlobo eziningana. Endabeni yesiphakamiso sePoland, i-IMI ihlinzeka ngamarokhethi angu-122 mm Grad asesetshenziswe ePoland kuze kube manje, kanye namarokhethi esimanje akwa-Israel: angu-160 mm LAR-160s angaqondisiwe kanye nenguqulo yawo elungisiwe ye-Accular, kanye nephezulu. -Ukunemba Okungeziwe. 306mm izinhlamvu kanye ne-370mm Predator Hawk yakamuva. Ngaphandle kwemicibisholo engu-122mm, zonke ezinye zethulwa ezitsheni ezinezimo ezicindezelayo.
Endabeni yokwethulwa kwamarokhethi angu-122-mm ahambisana nohlelo lweGrad, iziqhumane ezimbili ezingama-20 zesakhiwo esifanayo nezaziwa ezimotweni zohlelo lwe-2B5 Grad zifakwe eduze komunye nomunye kusiqalisi seLynx. I-Lynx, ehlome ngale ndlela, ingadubula yonke imicibisholo ye-Grad etholakala emakethe, kuhlanganise ne-Polish Feniks-Z kanye ne-HE.
Imicibisholo yakwa-Israel i-LAR-160 (noma nje i-LAR) inomthamo ongu-160 mm, isisindo esingu-110 kg futhi ithwala i-warhead yeqoqo lamakhilogremu angu-45 (amarokhethi angaphansi angu-104 M85) ebangeni elingamakhilomitha angu-45. Ngokusho komkhiqizi, zisetshenziswe iminyaka eminingi yi-Israel Defence Forces, futhi ziye zathengwa. ngokusho: I-Romania (uhlelo lwe-LAROM), i-Georgia (isikhumbuzo sokudutshulwa kwezikhali zokulala eTskhinvali ngobusuku buka-Agasti 8, 2008), i-Azerbaijan noma i-Kazakhstan (uhlelo lweNaiza). I-Lynx ingahlonywa ngamaphakethe amabili e-modular angu-13 ale micibisholo ngayinye. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ekuthuthukisweni kwemicibisholo ye-LAR kwaba ukuthuthukiswa kwenguqulo ye-Accular (Accurate LAR), i.e. inguqulo enembile, lapho ukunemba okwandisiwe kwafinyelelwa khona ngokuhlomisa imicibisholo enezinhlelo zokulawula ezisekelwe ekuzulazuleni kwe-inertial kanye ne-GPS, kanye nesistimu yokuphatha ehlanganisa izinjini zamarokhethi ezincane ezingama-80 ezifakwe ku-fuselage phambi kwenjini esekelayo. I-projectile futhi inamaphiko amane omsila anezinsimbi ezibola ngokushesha ngemva kokudubula. Iphutha le-circular hit ye-Accular missiles cishe amamitha angu-10. Isisindo se-warhead sehlile safinyelela ku-35 kg (kuhlanganise no-10 kg wokushaja okuchotshoziwe okuzungezwe izingcezu ze-tungsten ezingu-22 ezinesisindo esingu-000 no-0,5 g), futhi ububanzi bokudubula buyi-1 ÷ 14 km. Isiqalisi sohlelo lweLynx singalayishwa ngemizuliswano eyi-40 Accular emaphaketheni amabili emizuliswano eyi-22 lilinye.
Isiqalisi sesistimu ye-Lynx eneziqukathi ezimbili
ngemicibisholo ye-cruise Delilah-GL.
Olunye uhlobo lwe-projectile iLynx engalushisa i-306mm Extra projectile enobubanzi obungu-30-150 km. Baphinde basebenzise isiqondiso sokuzulazula esine-inertial kanye nesathelayithi, kodwa umcibisholo ulawulwa lapho undiza ngama-airfoil amane afakwe ekhaleni le-missile, okuyisixazululo esifana nalesi esisetshenziswa emicibisholo ye-GMLRS. Okungeziwe kuthwala inhloko yokuhlukaniswa okuhlangene (ikhanda lekhasethi lingenzeka) ngokuhlukaniswa okuphoqelekile kanye nesisindo esincane esingama-120 kg (okuhlanganisa u-60 kg weshaja yokuchoboza kanye namabhola e-tungsten angaba ngu-31 anesisindo esingu-000 g ngalinye). Endabeni yekhanda elingena ngaphakathi, lingangena ku-1 cm wokhonkolo oqinisiwe. Isisindo esiphelele se-projectile singama-80 kg, lapho isisindo samafutha aqinile singaba ngu-430 kg. Irokhethi inobude obungu-216 mm futhi iqukethe ingxenye yomsila enombozo ophumayo kanye nama-trapezoidal stabilizer amane anezinsimbi ezivuleka ngemva kokusuka; isigaba sokushayela nge-motor; i-warhead nekhala elinesistimu yokuqondisa. Ukuze uqhathanise, i-Russian 4429M9 missile ye-528 mm caliber yesistimu ye-Smirkh inesisindo esingama-300 kg, ithwala i-warhead ehlukaniswe izingxenye ezihlangene enesisindo esingama-815 kg (okungama-258 kg yinkokhelo echotshozayo), ubude bayo bungama-95 mm futhi ibanga eliphezulu 7600 km. Kuyabonakala ukuthi umcibisholo waseRussia mkhulu kakhulu, kodwa awugodliwe futhi uhamba ngendlela eqinile ye-ballistic, yingakho ibanga elifushane (ngokwethiyori, belingaba lide ngenxa yokuncipha kokunemba nokukhomba). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umkhondo wemicibisholo Eyengeziwe (njenge-GMLRS ne-Predator Hawk) iyancipha njengoba ifinyelela i-apogee yayo. Amaphini angaphambili aphakamisa ikhala le-projectile, anciphisa i-angle yokuhlasela, ngaleyo ndlela akhulise ibanga lendiza kanye nokulawulwa kwe-projectile (empeleni, indlela yendiza ilungiswa ngokuphumelelayo). Iphutha eliyindilinga lokushaya amagobolondo e-Extra cishe amamitha ayi-90. Isiqalisi se-Lynx singahlonyiswa ngamaphekhi amabili wamagobolondo Angeziwe amane lilinye. Ngokolwazi oluhlinzekwe yi-IMI, iphakethe lemicibisholo emi-10 Engeziwe lingalayishwa kuziqalisi zohlelo lwe-M4/270A270 MLRS esikhundleni sephakeji lemicibisholo engu-1 enomthamo wama-6 mm.
I-MSPO 2014 iphinde yaveza imodeli yomcibisholo oyi-370mm Predator Hawk enebanga elinwetshiwe ukuya ku-250 km nokunemba okufanayo kwe-Extra and Accular. Uma kuqhathaniswa amamodeli wePredator Hawk kanye namarokhethi Engeziwe akhonjiswe eduze komunye nomunye, kungalinganiselwa ukuthi eyokuqala ingaba ngu-0,5 m ubude. I-"Predator" iphinda umklamo we-aerodynamic werokhethi "Eyengeziwe", empeleni, ikhophi yayo ekhulisiwe. I-warhead yayo inesisindo esingama-200 kg. Ngokucabangela ubukhulu be-missile ye-Predator Hawk, umuntu angabona ukuthi inzuzo yobubanzi ifinyelelwe kanjani. Isiqalisi esisodwa se-Lynx singahlonyiswa ngamamojula amabili e-Predator Hawk adual-missile. Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lwe-Lynx, olusekelwe kuphela emicibisholo yezikhali eziqondisiwe, cishe luhlangabezana nezidingo zohlelo lwe-Homar lokudubula okungama-2 km.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-Lynx iphinde ihambisane ne-TCS (Trajectory Correction System), ithuthukisa ukunemba komlilo ovela kumarokhethi omdabu angaqondisiwe. I-TCS yasungulwa ekuqaleni (yi-IMI ngokubambisana ne-Elisra/Elbit) yamarokhethi angu-26mm MLRS kanye ne-M227 (ngokubambisana no-Lockheed Martin, okubizwa ngokuthi i-MLRS-TCS). I-TCS ihlanganisa: iposi lomyalo, isistimu ye-radar yokulandelela imicibisholo kanye nesistimu yokuqondisa ekude ye-missile trajectory. Ukuze wenze lokhu kwenzeke, injini encane yokulungisa (i-GRD) I-Guidance Rocket Motor (GRM) ifakwe ekhaleni lemicibisholo eguquliwe, ehlinzeka ngokulawula kwegesi ashukumisayo. I-TCS ingalawula ngesikhathi esisodwa imicibisholo eyi-12, ilungise ukundiza kwayo ezindaweni ezihlosiwe eziyi-12. I-TCS ihlinzeka ngephutha le-circular impact (CEP) lama-40m uma idutshulwa ngebanga eliphezulu. I-Lynx ingahlonywa ngamaphakethe amabili emicibisholo eyisithupha ye-MLRS-TCS lilinye. Kulandela i-MLRS-TCS, kwasungulwa inguqulo ehambisana ne-TCS yemicibisholo ye-LAR-160. Uhlelo lwe-Lynx nalo luyathuthukiswa emazweni angaphambili e-Central Asian Soviet, ngakho-ke amarokhethi e-Uragan angama-220mm nawo aseguqulelwe iLynx.
Nakuba i-Lobster yayingadingeki ukuba yethule imicibisholo ye-cruise (ngakho-ke kufanele ithathwe njengenketho), isikhali esithuthuke kakhulu somsebenzisi we-Lynx angaba naso i-Delilah-GL (Ground Launched) turbojet cruise missile. I-Ground Launch), nayo ihlinzekwa yi-IMI evela eMhlabeni). Inesisindo sokusuka esingama-250 kg (ne-rocket booster ekhishiwe ngemva kokusuka) kanye nesisindo esingama-230 kg ekumisweni kwendiza (okuhlanganisa nekhanda lempi elingu-30 kg), ibanga lendiza elingu-180 km kanye nesivinini sendiza engu-0,3 ÷ 0,7 weminyaka eyizigidi (isivinini sokuhlasela 0,85 .8500 m ukusuka ekuphakameni okungaba ngu-2 m). Isistimu yokuqondisa i-optoelectronic (i-CCD noma i-matrix I1R) edlulisa isithombe sesikhathi sangempela kukhonsoli yomsebenzisi kanye nethuba lokulawula kude komcibisholo inikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu ekutholeni okuhlosiwe nokuhlonza (ngokungafani nemicibisholo ecitshwayo) kanye nokunemba (CVO) endaweni Izinga elingamamitha angu-300. Iziqukathi ezimbili zokuvula imicibisholo ye-Delilah-GL zingafakwa kusiqalisi esisodwa se-Lynx. Ukwethulwa kwemicibisholo ye-Delilah-GL evela ku-Lynx complex kufanele kunikeze ikhono lokubhekana nezinhloso ezihambayo okunzima ukuzibhubhisa ngemicibisholo ye-ballistic, naphezu kwesikhathi sayo esifushane sokundiza (ikakhulukazi ebangeni elingafika ku-XNUMX km).
Isiqalisi ngasinye se-Lynx sifakwe ezokuxhumana kanye nohlelo lokulawula umlilo wedijithali, kanye nokuzulazula kwe-inertial nesathelayithi. Ngenxa yalokhu, ingaba yingxenye yesistimu yokulawula i-network-centric, ngokushesha futhi ngokuthembekile inqume indawo yayo ensimini futhi iguqule izikhundla zokudubula ngaso sonke isikhathi. Imishini ye-elekthronikhi yesiqalisi isivumela ukuthi sisebenze ngokuzenzakalelayo. Isiqalisi sihloselwe futhi imicibisholo idutshulwa ngaphakathi emotweni. Isiqalisi sikhomba ngokuzimela amaphakheji alayishiwe emicibisholo ehlukene (kungenzeka ukulayisha izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zemicibisholo ngesikhathi esisodwa kusiqalisi esisodwa). Ngenxa yedizayini ye-modular yama-projectiles, isikhathi sokulayisha kabusha sesiqalisi sithatha imizuzu engaphansi kweyi-10.
Ibhethri yesistimu ye-"Lynx", ngaphezu kweziqalisi nezimoto zokushaja zokuthutha, nayo ineposi lomyalo webhethri (C4I) esitsheni esivaliwe, lapho kuhlaziywa khona ukutholwa kanye nedatha yesimo sezulu edingekayo ukuze uvule umlilo. I-Stand iphinde ihlaziye imiphumela yokuhlasela.
I-Field missile system "Nayza", "Lynx" yaseKazakhstan esekelwe ku-chassis ye-KamAZ-63502.
Kusiqalisi ungabona iziqondiso zezinhlamvu ezingama-220-mm, futhi phansi - iphakheji elivaliwe lemicibisholo Engeziwe.
Sifingqa isiphakamiso se-IMI, kufanele futhi sisho iziphakamiso zokubambisana kwezimboni. Inkampani yakwa-Israel ithatha indima yokuhlanganisa kanye nesihloko sokusekelwa komsebenzisi kulo lonke uhlelo lokusebenza, okuhlanganisa ukuhlelwa kwesistimu yezokuthutha nokuqeqeshwa. I-IMI izoba nesibopho sokuhlanganisa isiqalisi se-Lynx nanoma iyiphi i-chassis ekhethwe uMnyango Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke. Endabeni yokukhiqizwa kwemicibisholo, i-IMI inikeza ukudluliswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza okunelayisensi kwezinye izingxenye nezingxenye, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kokugcina kwemicibisholo ePoland ngokuphelele. I-IMI iphinde izibophezele ekuhlanganiseni uhlelo lwe-Lynx nomyalo okhona wasePoland, wezokuxhumana kanye nezinhlelo zezobunhloli (C4I).
I-LAURA ne-Harrop
Isiphakamiso se-IMI se-370mm Predator Hawk singathathwa njengesiphelele - okungenani singamakhilomitha angama-50 kuphela ukusuka ebangeni elidingekayo lamaLobster. Nokho, iPredator Hawk akuwona umcibisholo wakho ojwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungacatshangwa ukuthi intengo yayo ifana kakhulu nohlelo olunikezwa i-IAI, okuwumshini ocitshwayo we-ballistic osebenzayo we-LORA.
I-LORA isifinyezo se-Long Range Artillery, okungukuthi, izikhali zebanga elide. Njengoba kunikezwe izigaba zemicibisholo, i-LORA isemncintiswaneni oqondile nomcibisholo we-ATACMS, kuyilapho ihlinzeka ngakho konke umcibisholo Owengeziwe onakho, kodwa ngesilinganiso esikhulu ngokuhambisanayo, i.e. ibanga elide, i-warhead esindayo, iphutha elifanayo elizungezile, kodwa konke ngenani lentengo ephezulu. Nokho, uma "Okwengeziwe" kuyinto esindayo, kodwa nokho umcibisholo wezikhali, i-LORA iyingxenye yesigaba semicibisholo ye-ballistic enembayo ephezulu.
Kungabonakala ukuthi abaklami bakwa-Israel bathathe indlela ehlukile kunabaqambi baseMelika esikhathini esidlule lapho beklama umcibisholo we-ATACMS. Lona bekufanele lifane nosayizi wephakheji elilodwa lemicibisholo eyisithupha ye-MLRS, ngakho-ke kwakuyisici esinqumayo esiyinhloko ekwakhiweni kwe-ATACMS, elandelwa amanye amapharamitha nezici. I-LORA, ngakolunye uhlangothi, yadalwa ngaphandle kwemingcele efana nesistimu yezikhali ezizimele, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo isistimu encane. Ukuhlolwa komcibisholo kwaqala eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, futhi iminyaka eminingana bekulokhu kuyindaba yemizamo yokuthengisa ye-IAI, kuhlanganise nasePoland. Futhi yini i-LORA enikeza abasebenzisi bayo abangaba khona? Okokuqala, amandla omlilo aphezulu kanye nesistimu yezikhali ezigcwele, i.e. okuhlanganisa nesistimu yokuhlola ehambisanayo - I-IAI Harop, evumela ukuthi usebenzise ngokugcwele amandla okulwa komcibisholo. Izinto zokuqala kuqala.
I-LORA iyi-ballistic missile enesiteji esisodwa enenjini ephehlayo eqinile, eyethulwe ezitsheni zokuthutha ezinengcindezi kanye nokuqalisa. Ngokusho kwe-IAI, i-LORA ingagcinwa esitsheni iminyaka emihlanu ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhlolwa. Ekwakhiweni kwe-rocket, kwasetshenziswa kuphela amadrayivu kagesi, ngaphandle kwama-hydraulics, okwandisa nokuthembeka kokusebenza.
Umzimba werokhethi yesigaba esisodwa se-LORA unobude obungamamitha angu-5,5, ububanzi obungu-0,62 m kanye nesisindo esingamathani angu-1,6 (okuyinto ithani eliyisisindo samafutha aqinile). Ukuma kwayo kuyi-cylindrical, i-conical ngaphambili (ekuphakameni kwekhanda) futhi ifakwe izindawo ezine ze-aerodynamic ezine-trapezoidal contour esisekelweni. Lesi simo se-hull, kanye nendlela eyamukelwe yokulawula i-rocket lapho indiza, yenza kube nokwenzeka ukwenza ama-manuvers esigabeni sokugcina se-trajectory ngenxa yamandla okuphakamisa aphezulu ngokwanele adalwe yi-hull ngokwayo. I-IAI ichaza i-trajectory ye-projectile "njengomumo", i.e. elungiselelwe ngokuya ngokusebenza kahle kokuhlasela. I-LORA iqondisa ezigabeni ezimbili zendiza - okokuqala, ngokushesha ngemuva kokusuka, ukuze ithole umkhondo omuhle kakhulu (i-IAI iphakamisa ukuthi lokhu kwenza kube nzima ngesitha ukucacisa ngokunembile indawo yesiqalisi) futhi esigabeni sokugcina umzila. Eqinisweni, ngokushesha nje lapho i-rocket ifinyelela i-apogee ye-trajectory yayo, i-LORA iqondanisa indlela yayo yendiza. Lokhu kungenza kube nzima ukulandelela umcibisholo (shintsha i-trajectory yamanje) futhi kwenze kube lula ukuqondisa umcibisholo ukuze uthuthukise ukunemba kokuhlasela. Amakhono anjalo, kuhlanganiswe nesivinini sendiza esinamandla amakhulu, akwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukudubula umcibisholo futhi kunciphise isikhathi kusukela ekudubuleni kuya ekushayeni ilitshe. Isikhathi sokundiza sicishe sibe yimizuzu emihlanu uma idubula ngebanga elingama-300 km. Ibanga elincane le-rocket lingama-90 km, okukhombisa i-apogee encane kanye nendlela yendiza eyisicaba. Esigabeni sokugcina, i-LORA ingaphinda iqondise ukuze inikeze i-engeli elungile yomthelela kuthagethi, isondela kububanzi obungu-60 ÷ 90°. Ikhono lokushaya ithagethi liqonde libalulekile ekuhlaseleni okuqondiwe okuqinisiwe (isibonelo, izindawo zokukhosela) lapho i-fuse isebenza kumodi yokulibaziseka yokuqhafaza, kanye nokusakazwa kwamagagasi okusebenza kahle kakhulu kwezingcezu nokucindezela ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokuxhumana noma ukuqhunyiswa okungaxhunywanga. . Umcibisholo we-LORA ungathwala izinhlobo ezimbili zamakhanda empi: i-warhead eqhekeka kakhulu enokuqhuma okungathintana naye noma okuthintana naye kanye nenhloko yempi eqhumayo ebambekayo ekwazi ukungena ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili kakhonkolo oqinisiwe.
I-LORA enikezwa i-Poland iphethe ikhanda lokuhlukaniswa elihlangene elinesisindo esingama-240 kg. Ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe, ukuhlomisa lo mcibisholo nge-cluster warhead akuyona inkinga, kodwa ngenxa yokungena kwamazwe amaningi ku-Convention on Cluster Munitions, i-LORA iqhubekela phambili ngokusemthethweni nge-united warhead (ngenhlanhla, iPoland, noma I-Israel, noma i-United States ijoyine umhlangano, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukusebenzisa izixazululo ezisebenzayo emkhakheni wezimpi zamaqoqo ngokusebenzisa izingxoxo ezifanele ezingeni lezinhlaka zikahulumeni).
Isistimu yokuqondisa imicibisholo ye-LORA ihlanganisiwe futhi iqukethe inkundla yokuzulazula engasebenzi kanye nomamukeli wesathelayithi we-GPS ongazwani nomsindo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ulawule umcibisholo ekundizeni ngezindiza ezintathu, okuhlanganisa ukukhetha kwendlela yomzila, futhi kwenza umcibisholo we-LORA umelane nezinyathelo ezingenzeka ze-elekthronikhi, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, uqinisekisa ukunemba okuphezulu kuzo zonke izimo zezulu. . Iphutha lokushayisana okuyisiyingi phakathi kwamamitha ayi-10.
Ibhethri yerokhethi yemodeli ye-LORA iqukethe: i-container post post (K3) emotweni ehlukene, iziqhumane ezine ezineziqukathi ezine zokuthutha nezokwethula, ngasinye ku-chassis yamaloli angekho emgwaqeni ngesakhiwo esingu-8 × 8, okufanayo. inombolo yezimoto zokuthutha kanye nokulayisha ezinemicibisholo ye-margin yazo zonke iziqalisi. Ngakho-ke, ibhethri le-missile ye-LORA inemicibisholo eyi-16 (4 × 4) elungele ukudutshulwa ngokushesha, kanye neminye imicibisholo eyi-16 engase yethulwe ngemva kokulayisha kabusha isiqalisi. Kuthatha imizuzwana engama-16 ukwethula amarokhethi okuqala ayi-60. Imicibisholo ngayinye edutshuliwe ingashaya ilitshe elihlukile. Lokhu kunikeza ibhethri elilodwa amandla omlilo amakhulu.
Kungenzeka futhi ukwethula imicibisholo ye-LORA (kanye ne-Harop) evela kubaqalisi bemikhumbi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungenzeka kwezobuchwepheshe kungaphezu kokuqagelwa kohlelo lwe-Homar.
Kodwa-ke, into ethakazelisa kakhulu yesiphakamiso se-IAI, ehambisana nezinzuzo zokusebenza komcibisholo we-LORA, uhlelo lwezikhali ze-Harop, oluyingxenye yalokho okubizwa ngokuthi izinhlamvu ezizulazulayo. I-haropa efana ne-drone iphuma kolunye uhlelo lwezikhali ze-IAI, i-Harpy anti-radar missile. I-Harop inohlelo olufanayo lokuklama. Ukudubula kwenziwa kuthuthwa esivalekile kanye nesitsha sokuqalisa esifakwe ku-chassis yeloli. Imoto eyi-8x8 ingathwala angu-12 kulawa mabhokisi. Ikhithi (ibhethri) iqukethe imishini emithathu, isamba esingu-36 Harop. Umyalo wokuthunyelwe kwesitsha, usebenzisa umshini wayo, futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ulawule "i-swarm" ye-"Harop" ekhululiwe. Endizeni, uHarop ushayela uphephela, futhi ukwethulwa kwenzeka ngosizo lwe-rocket booster.
Umsebenzi wohlelo lwe-Harop wukuqapha isikhathi eside (amahora amaningi) endaweni enkulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ithwala ngaphansi kwekhala ukukhanya, imini nobusuku (ngesiteshi se-imaging esishisayo) 360 ° ikhanda le-optoelectronic elihambayo. Isithombe sesikhathi sangempela sidluliselwa kubaqhubi eposini lomyalo. I-Harop patrols, indiza endaweni ephakeme ngaphezu kwe-3000 m, uma ibona ilitshe elifanele ukuhlaselwa, khona-ke, ngomyalo onikezwe opharetha, ingena endizeni ye-dive ngesivinini esingaphezu kuka-100 m / s futhi ibhubhise. ngekhanda elikhanyayo le-OH. Kunoma isiphi isigaba somsebenzi, u-opharetha we-Harop angakwazi ukumisa ukuhlasela ekude (umqondo "wendoda ku-loop"), ngemva kwalokho i-Harop ibuyela kumodi yendiza yokugada. Ngakho-ke, i-Harop ihlanganisa izinzuzo ze-drone yokuhlola kanye ne-missile eshibhile yohambo. Endabeni yebhethri le-LORA elicitshwayo le-ballistic, isistimu eyengeziwe ye-Harop inikeza ukutholwa, ukuqinisekiswa (isibonelo, ukuhlukanisa izinto ezihlekisayo ezimotweni zangempela) kanye nokuhlonza okuhlosiwe, ukulandelela kwazo esimweni sezinto ezihambayo, ukuzimisela okunembile kwendawo okuhlosiwe, kanye nokuhlolwa kwemiphumela yokuhlasela. Uma kunesidingo, angakwazi futhi "ukuqeda" noma ahlasele lezo zinhloso ezisinde ekuhlaselweni kwemicibisholo ye-LORA. I-Harop iphinde ivumele ukusetshenziswa okunomnotho okwengeziwe kwemicibisholo ye-LORA, engadutshulwa kuphela ezindaweni ezihlosiwe ezingenakucekelwa phansi yi-Harop light warhead. Idatha yezobunhloli edluliselwa ngohlelo lwe-Harop ingasetshenziswa futhi ngamanye amayunithi, isibonelo, afakwe ezinye izinhlelo zezikhali. Ibhethri ye-missile ye-LORA, esekelwa uhlelo lwe-Harop, izoba nekhono lokuzimela ngokuzenzakalelayo ukubuyiswa kwewashi ngesikhathi sangempela nangaphakathi kohlu oluphelele lwemicibisholo yayo, futhi ikwazi ukuhlola ngokushesha imiphumela yesiteleka se-missile. .
Inkinga Yokukhetha
Amasistimu ahlinzekwa ohlelweni lwe-Homar abonakala ngamapharamitha aphezulu ahlangabezana nokulindelwe nguMnyango Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke. Kungacatshangwa ukuthi esimweni esinjalo, izindleko zokuthenga kokubili nokusebenza kwesikhathi eside, kanye nokubandakanyeka kwemboni yasePoland futhi, mhlawumbe, ukudluliswa kobuchwepheshe okuhlongozwayo, kuyoba yisimiso esibalulekile. Ukuhlaziya iziphakamiso ngokwazo, kuyacaca ukuthi ikusasa likaHomar lizoshintsha ubuso be-Polish WRiA. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uMnyango Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke ukhethwa kanjani, abadubuli basePoland bazothola izikhali ezizodlula izinhlelo zemicibisholo yasensimini esetshenziswe ngaphambilini ngokwejubane lokungena empini, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ngokunemba nobubanzi. Ngakho-ke, indlela yokuqhuba imisebenzi izoshintshwa, lapho umlilo omkhulu wendawo uzothathelwa indawo yiziteleka ezivamile nezinembile ezisetshenziswe Amaphuzu ekuseni. Maqondana nezinselelo zenkundla yempi yezingxabano ezicatshangelwayo ngaphakathi kwePoland, uhulumeni kanye noMnyango Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke kufanele benze yonke imizamo yokuqinisekisa ukuthi ikusasa likaHomar, ngaphezu kokudubula imicibisholo enembayo enezimpi ezihlangene, futhi linemicibisholo eyiqoqo. ekusetshenzisweni kwayo. , iphumelela kakhulu ekuxosheni ukuhlaselwa ngamayunithi ahlomile kanye nemishini, ukucindezela izikhali zesitha noma ukuvimbela ukufika kwendiza enophephela emhlane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthengwa kwemicibisholo ye-ballistic enebanga elingamakhilomitha angama-300 kuzophinde kuqinise amandla e-Ground Forces njengendlela eyinhloko yokuvikela emoyeni. amabutho aphansi ebanga eliphakathi kwesitha esingaba khona (amasistimu 9K37M1-2 "Buk-M1-2" kanye ne-9K317 "Buk-M2") awakwazi ukulwa nemicibisholo ye-ballistic enobubanzi obungaphezu kuka-250 km.
