Ukupholisa. Izoyishintsha nini?

Ngaphandle kukawoyela wenjini noketshezi lwamabhuleki, isipholile siwuketshezi lwesithathu nolubaluleke kakhulu olusebenzayo emotweni yethu. Ngeshwa, nakuba idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu, ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke ngokuvamile ithathwa kancane futhi ikhohliwe.

Empeleni, ithini into yokupholisa imoto emotweni?

Umsebenzi wayo ukugcina izinga lokushisa leyunithi yamandla likububanzi obufanele. Futhi njengoba sikhuphuka, into epholile iqala ukudlulisa amandla okushisa phakathi kwenjini ne-radiator lapho ipholisa khona ukuze ikwazi ukuhlakaza izinga lokushisa ohlelweni futhi. Omunye umsebenzi wesibili walolu ketshezi ukushisa ingaphakathi lemoto.

Yiqiniso, idrayivu ingabuye ipholiswe ngomoya - lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi ukupholisa okuqondile (njengoba kwakunjalo, isibonelo, ku-Toddler edumile), kodwa lesi sixazululo - nakuba sishibhile - sinezinkinga eziningi eziphoqa abakhiqizi abaningi ukuba basebenzise. uhlelo lokupholisa uketshezi lwakudala (okuthiwa ukupholisa okungaqondile).

Ukupholisa. Kushisa kakhulu, kubanda kakhulu

Izimo lapho okupholisayo "kusebenza" kungenakuvinjelwa. Ebusika - amazinga okushisa aphansi, ngokuvamile afinyelela ku-minus 20, khipha 30 degrees C. Ehlobo, ngaphezu kuka-110 degrees C. Futhi kunzima ukukholelwa ukuthi umpompi ojwayelekile wasetshenziselwa ukupholisa injini! Namuhla, ngenhlanhla, singabona kuphela amanzi ehwamuka kurediyetha kumafilimu agciniwe.

Ngakho-ke, isibandisi kufanele sibe nendawo yokuqandisa ephansi, ngisho -35, -40 degrees C kanye nendawo yokubilisa ephezulu.

Isipholisi siqukethe amanzi, i-ethylene noma i-propylene glycol kanye nephakheji elengeziwe. Umsebenzi we-glycol ukwehlisa indawo yokuqandisa yoketshezi. Njengoba i-glycol i-caustic, izithasiselo zihlanganisa, phakathi kwabanye. izithasiselo zokulwa nokugqwala (okuthiwa i-corrosion inhibitors), izinzile, izithasiselo zokulwa ne-foam, odayi.

Njengamanje kunezinhlobo ezintathu zezithasiselo zokulwa nokugqwala ezisetshenziswa kumakhaza. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwezithako, kukhona uketshezi lwe-IAT, OAT noma HOAT. Umkhiqizi wemoto ucacisa kubhukwana lomnikazi wemoto ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwesithasiselo esilwa nokugqwala okufanele sisetshenziswe enjinini ethile. 

I-IAT Fluid (Inorganic Additive Technology - i-inorganic additive technology) ivamise ukutuswa ezinjinini ezine-cast iron block kanye nekhanda le-aluminium. Izingxenye eziyinhloko zezithasiselo zokulwa nokugqwala ziyi-silicates nama-nitrites, aqoqa ngaphakathi kwesistimu, avimbele ukugqwala. Ama-silicates ahlala kalula ezingxenyeni zensimbi, futhi lapho okuqukethwe kwawo kusisombululo kwehla ngaphansi kwama-20%, ifomu lediphozi. Okubi kwama-silicate corrosion inhibitors ukuthi aguga ngokushesha, ngakho uketshezi lwe-IAT ludinga ukushintshwa njalo (imvamisa njalo eminyakeni emi-2). Ngokuvamile, uketshezi lwe-IAT lunemibala eluhlaza noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. 

I-OAT (i-organic acid technology - ubuchwepheshe bezithasiselo eziphilayo) - ama-asidi aphilayo asetshenziswa esikhundleni sama-silicates. Isendlalelo esivikela ukugqwala sincane izikhathi ezingama-20 kunobuchwepheshe be-IAT. Ama-asidi e-organic asabela ngesidayisi esiholayo esivame ukusetshenziswa kumaradiyetha ezimoto amadala, ngakho i-OAT isetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezintsha zezimoto ezinama-radiator e-aluminium. Isiqandisi sohlobo lwe-OAT futhi sinokukhipha ukushisa okungcono kunoketshezi lohlobo lwe-IAT kanye nokuqina okwenyukayo, ngakho-ke singesoketshezi olunempilo yesevisi eyandisiwe futhi ngokuvamile sinombala osawolintshi, opinki noma onsomi. 

I-HOAT Fluid (Hybrid Organic Acid Technology - Ubuchwepheshe obuhlanganisiwe bezithasiselo eziphilayo) buqukethe izithasiselo zokulwa nokugqwala okusekelwe kuma-silicates nama-asidi e-organic. Kalula nje, singasho ukuthi aqukethe izinzuzo ze-IAT ne-OAT liquids. Lawa ma-fluid aziphatha njengama-IAT kodwa abe nempilo ende futhi ahlinzeka ngokuvikeleka okungcono ezingxenyeni ze-aluminium futhi avikele ngokuqhubekayo iphampu yamanzi emigodini.

Uketshezi lwe-radiator luyatholakala ngokwentengiso njengendlela yokugxilisa ingqondo okufanele ihlanjululwe ngezilinganiso ezifanele ngamanzi akhishwe amaminerali noma njengesixazululo esilungele ukusetshenziswa. Lezi zamuva futhi kulula ukuzisebenzisa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. 

Ungalibheka kanjani izinga lokupholisa?

Noma ubani, ngisho nomshayeli ongenalwazi, angabheka izinga lokupholisa. Nokho, kunemininingwane embalwa ebalulekile okufanele uyikhumbule. Okokuqala, imoto kufanele ibekwe endaweni eyisicaba. Kuphoqelekile ukuthi injini yemoto kanjalo noketshezi lupholiswe. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele ukuhlola izinga loketshezi ngokushesha ngemva kokuba imoto iqale ukuhamba futhi ima.

Izinga lokupholisa elilungile kufanele libe phakathi kwemizuzu. kanye max. ethangini.

Izinga loketshezi eliphansi kakhulu lingase libonise ukuvuza ohlelweni lokupholisa, futhi izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lingase libe ngenxa yokuba khona komoya ohlelweni. Kuzo zombili izimo, imbangela yezinga le-fluid ingase ibe nomonakalo ku-cylinder head gasket.

Ngemuva kokukhulula i-cap - khumbula, noma kunjalo, inqobo nje uma uketshezi selupholile - singabona futhi ukuthi umbala woketshezi ushintshile yini nokuthi kukhona yini ukungcola kuwo. Ukushintsha kombala woketshezi kungase kubonise ukuthi uwoyela wenjini uxutshwa nawo.

Kufanele kushintshwe nini uketshezi?

I-Coolant kancane kancane ilahlekelwa izakhiwo zayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imoto isegaraji noma isendleleni. Ngakho-ke - kuye ngohlobo loketshezi - kufanele lushintshwe njalo eminyakeni emi-2, 3 noma emi-5 ephezulu. Ulwazi mayelana nokuthi yiluphi uketshezi okufanele lusetshenziswe kule moto futhi ngemuva kwesikhathi okufanele lushintshwe lungatholakala encwadini yomnikazi wemoto noma kusevisi. Singayithola futhi emaphaketheni oketshezi, kodwa okokuqala sidinga ukwazi ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo okufanele silusebenzise.

Bheka futhi: Intela yokuthengwa kwemoto. Kufanele ngikhokhe nini?

Ukushintshwa kwesipholile kubalulekile lapho uthenga imoto esetshenzisiwe. Kufanele futhi ushintshe ngokushesha uketshezi lwebhuleki kanye namafutha enjini kanye nesethi yezihlungi.

Ukuxuba okupholile

Nakuba uketshezi olusekelwe ku-ethylene glycol lungaxutshwa nomunye nomunye, kufanele sisebenzise lesi sixazululo kuphela esimweni esiphuthumayo lapho sidinga nje ukwengeza uketshezi esimweni esiphuthumayo (esimeni esiphuthumayo singakwazi futhi ukwengeza amanzi angenalutho noma acwecwe kangcono). Futhi njengoba sithola ukupholisa cishe kuzo zonke iziteshi zikaphethiloli namuhla, asikho isidingo sokuthi sisebenzise izixazululo eziphuthumayo. Kufanele futhi kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngemva kokuxuba okunjalo kuhle ngaso sonke isikhathi ukukhipha isipholile esidala, ukuhlanza uhlelo bese ugcwalisa entsha enconyelwe injini yethu.

Bheka futhi: Ukuhlola i-Skoda Kamiq - i-Skoda SUV encane kunazo zonke