Ukuthena izihlahla zezithelo: kanjani futhi nini ukuthena izihlahla zezithelo nezihlahla?

Ukuthenwa okuvamile kwezihlahla nezihlahla zezithelo akuthinti nje kuphela ubuhle bensimu, kodwa futhi nempilo nesimo sezitshalo. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, zizobonakala ngokukhula okuhle nokuhle kanye nesivuno sekhwalithi. Kulesi sihloko, uzofunda ukuthi ungathena kanjani futhi nini izihlahla zezithelo nezihlahla.

Ukuthenwa njalo kwezihlahla nezihlahla zezithelo - kungani kubaluleke kangaka? 

Singasho ukuthi isihlahla esinganqunywanga noma isihlahlana "siphila impilo yaso" - sikhula ngezindlela ezihlukene, okuthinta ukuqina okungapheli komqhele. Ngokwethiyori, umcabango wokuqhakaza kwegatsha ungazwakala ulungile: kubonakala sengathi lokhu kuwuphawu lokukhula okuhle, okunempilo kwesitshalo. Kodwa-ke, ekusebenzeni, ukuminyana okuphezulu kakhulu kwamagatsha kuthinta kabi isivuno. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwendawo yokukhula kanye nokufinyelela okulinganiselwe ekukhanyeni, izithelo zizokhula zibe zincane, zibe ngaphansi kwekhwalithi (nge-flavour encane nombala), futhi kancane kancane.

Ukwelashwa kokuthena kwezihlahla zezithelo nezihlahlana nakho kubalulekile empilweni yabo. Ngakho kungabizwa ngokuthi ukukhathazeka. Okokuqala, umqhele unikezwa umumo oyifunayo (i-chaotic branching iphenduka umbuthano wobuhle, isibonelo), futhi okwesibili, wonke amagatsha agulayo, amadala kakhulu noma aphethwe yizinambuzane ayasuswa.

Nini ukuthena izihlahla zezithelo? 

Uma ucabanga ngesikhathi esifanele sokuthena izihlahla zezithelo, hlala ucabanga ngomphumela ozolethwa yinqubo: izozikhuthaza ukuthi zikhule. Kufanele nakanjani ugweme umsebenzi onjalo wokunakekela ekwindla. Kungani? Nakuba izihlahla eziningi zivunwa ngaleso sikhathi, uma sezivuthiwe, izitshalo zizolungiselela isikhathi sasebusika. Ukuwathena ekwindla, ngeshwa, kungaholela emakhazeni. Ngakho - nini ukuthena izihlahla zezithelo? Amasizini afanelekile:

• Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo - lapho iqhwa liqala ukuncibilika kancane futhi izinga lokushisa selivele selingamadigri ambalwa ngaphezu kwe-zero, futhi ikhasi lekhalenda lishintsha kusukela ngoFebhuwari kuya ku-March, sekuyisikhathi sokwenza ukusika ebusika kwamagatsha e-apula, i-pear kanye neplamu. Nakuba igama ngokwalo liphakamisa ukuthenwa phakathi nobusika, kufanelekile ukuyeka ukuthenwa ngoDisemba noma ngoJanuwari, futhi nalapho ingozi yokubuya kwesithwathwa isephezulu. Bangakwazi ukubeka izihlahla eqhweni. Futhi ngoFebhuwari, lapho kumenyezelwa ukubuya kobusika ngoMashi, kungcono ukulinda kancane - okungcono kuze kufike ukufika kwangempela kwentwasahlobo.
• I-WIOSNA - ilanga liphuma kaningi, izinga lokushisa liyashintshashintsha kusuka kumadigri ambalwa kuya kwayishumi, futhi usuku olubandayo luyimvula ngokuyinhloko - okusho ukuthi entwasahlobo yisikhathi sokugawula izihlahla zezithelo. Gxila kulezo zitshalo ezimelana kakhulu namazinga okushisa abandayo: amabhilikosi, ama-nectarine, amapentshisi namaplamu. Nini? Okungcono kakhulu ngasekupheleni kuka-March noma ekuqaleni kuka-April.
• ULato - ukuthena ehlobo kuhilela izimo ezimbili: kungaba ukuthena kabusha izihlahla ozitshale ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, noma ukuthena kuphela kwezinhlobo ezithile. Esimweni sokuqala, kuyoba i-apula eshiwo ngenhla, i-pear neplamu; ukunakekelwa kwesibili kungenziwa phakathi kukaJulayi no-August. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, nakekela ukuthenwa kokuqala kwezihlahla zezithelo ezimelana kakhulu namazinga okushisa aphansi: ama-cherries nama-cherry amnandi (emva kokuvuna).

Indlela yokuthena izihlahla zezithelo? 

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni lwesihlahla kanye nenkathi, ukuthena kuyafana. Izinhlobo zayo zihlukaniswa ngokohlobo lokunakekelwa. Ngakho-ke qala ucabange ukuthi yimuphi umphumela ofuna ukuwufinyelela: uzothena izihlahla zezithelo ukuze unikeze umqhele isimo osifunayo, noma ufuna ukufaka ukukhanya okwengeziwe kuwo ukuze uthole isivuno esingcono?

Kuzo zombili izimo, qala ngokuthola nokukhipha amagatsha amadala, omile, anesifo, nagcwele izinambuzane (ukuhlanza noma ukuvuselela). Qaphela kokubili amahlumela namagatsha esihlahla. Nakanjani uzodinga i-pruner enhle - yomibili emfushane, yokusebenza namagatsha asesandleni sakho, futhi amade, nesibambo se-telescopic. Kuyafaneleka ukukhetha imodeli yendawo yonke efanelekile kokubili izihlahla nezihlahla.

Uma ukhathazeke ngokuyinhloko ngokulungisa ukuma kwe-canopy, usike kahle iziqu zibe ubude bazo futhi unqume ngokuphelele lezo ezihlanekezela ngokuphelele ukubukeka kwesihlahla, zikhule phansi noma zihlangane nabanye. Ukusika okunjalo kwenziwa ngokwesilinganiso kanye njalo eminyakeni engu-1-2.

Ukuthena okuguquguqukayo, vele, kuzobandakanya ukususa amahlumela amadala kanye nalawo avimba ukukhanya ekungeneni komqhele. Inhloso yalokhu kuthena ukwenza amagatsha abelula futhi axege.

Indlela yokuthena izihlahla zezithelo ezisencane? 

Sishilo ukuthi uhlobo lwesihlahla alunandaba, kepha kukhona okuhlukile kulo "mthetho". Lokhu kusebenza ekutheneni kokuqala kwezihlahla zezithelo ezisencane. Zenziwa ngokushesha ngemva kokubeka isithombo emhlabathini. Nakuba indlela yokuthena izoncika ohlotsheni nesimo sesihlahla, umthetho ojwayelekile uwukusika amagatsha okungenani phakathi nendawo - lapho izinga lamahlumela libi kakhulu, kufanele asuswe kakhulu. Lena inqubo ebaluleke kakhulu - ukusika kokuqala kunomphumela omuhle ezimpandeni zesihlahla kanye nokumelana nezimo zezulu ezinzima.

Nini ukuthena izihlahla zezithelo? 

Imvamisa yokuthena izihlahla iyafana nezihlahla - umsebenzi kufanele uphindwe njalo ngonyaka. Futhi kuze kube ngaluphi usuku? Futhi, kuya ngezinhlobo:

• Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo - ngalesi sikhathi, ama-currants nama-gooseberries kufanele anqunywe ikakhulukazi, okungcono phakathi kwengxenye yesibili kaJanuwari kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-March. Kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ukuphindaphinda okungenzeka kwesithwathwa nokumisa umsebenzi kuze kube sekufikeni "kwangempela" kwentwasahlobo yokuqala, uma sinethuba elinjalo. Kungcono ngempela ukwenza lokhu eduze kakhulu nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kunokuba kude!
• I-WIOSNA - kusukela ngoMashi kuya maphakathi no-Ephreli (okungukuthi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo), nakekela i-branching ye-blackberry.
• ULato – ukusika kokuqala ngeke kube okwanoma yiluphi uhlobo. Okwesibili kufanele kwenziwe ama-currants, ama-gooseberries namajikijolo, okungcono kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-August.
• I-autumn - ama-raspberries athanda ikwindla! Lapho ithenwa phakathi kuka-September nasekupheleni kuka-November, izothela izithelo ezanelisa kakhulu.

Indlela yokuthena izihlahla zezithelo? 

Endabeni yabo, izinga le-branching lizophinde lithinte ikhwalithi nosayizi wesitshalo. Uhlobo lubalulekile futhi - amahlumela ezihlahla ezithile azokhiqiza kakhulu isivuno eneminyaka engu-2-6, kanti abanye - eneminyaka engu-3-5. Kunoma yikuphi, noma kunjalo, kufanelekile ukususa njalo ukweqisa kwamagatsha athela kakhulu - uma nje ukukhanyisa kahle isihlahla futhi ungavumeli amahlumela afihlekile ukuthi avimbe ukufinyelela kokukhanya. Yebo, ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanelekile ukushiya okungenani abambalwa asebekhulile nabadala, kodwa lezi akufanele zinqobe. Ngokucabangela, isibonelo, i-blackcurrant, kufanelekile ukushiya cishe amahlumela amancane angu-4-6 namahlumela ama-3-5 amadala (2 noma 3 ubudala). Kanti, ama-currants abomvu nama-gooseberries adinga, okokuqala, ukususwa kwamahlumela abuthakathaka futhi awonakele, ngoba omncane uthela izithelo ezincane. Ama-raspberries angcono kakhulu kumagatsha aneminyaka emibili ubudala. Ezindala ngeke zisebenze kahle kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke, ukuthena izihlahla zezithelo nezihlahla kuwumsebenzi we-horticultural, okumele, yiqiniso, kufanele kunikezwe ukunakwa okukhethekile. Kuyafaneleka ukujwayelana nezinhlobo ezifuywayo ukuze ukhethe ukunakekelwa okufanele kwazo, kanye nokugxila emikhiqizweni yekhwalithi. Hlanganisa ikhithi yakho bese ulungiselela izitshalo zakho isizini ezayo! Ungathola amathiphu amaningi ku-AvtoTachki Passions esigabeni I Hlobisa futhi Uhlobise.

/ Alexander Amagundane