Ukubala wehla kwedrayivu yokuhlola: Izinjini ze-Ford EcoBoost

Kwethulwa i-2,3 EcoBoost Ford Mustang nezinjini eziyi-1,0 ze-EcoBoost

Ngemuva kokuthi iFord Mustang ibe yimoto yezemidlalo edayiswa kakhulu futhi i-1.0 EcoBoost injini encane iwine umklomelo we-Engine of the Year okwesihlanu ekilasini layo, sinqume ukukutshela kabanzi nge-powertrain yobungcweti bokuqala nobuncane bama-cylinder amathathu.

Injini yeFord Mustang 2,3 EcoBoost four-cylinder iyiyunithi yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu engenasizathu sokukhathazeka ngokushayela imoto ewuphawu olunjalo. Kodwa ifinyelela konke lokhu ngenxa yezixazululo eseziqinisekisiwe zeminye imishini ye-EcoBoost, okuhlanganisa nobuciko obuncane be-EcoBoost 1,0.

Iqiniso lokuthi ukwethulwa kwe-base four-cylinder engine ku-Mustang entsha kusabukeka kuyinqaba kusho ukuthi ngempela siphila ezikhathini ezithakazelisayo zoshintsho olusheshayo nolukhulu. Nokho, zenzeka ngokushesha kangangokuthi azivumeli umuntu ukuba athathe inkambo engenakuhlehliswa yezenzakalo ezihambisana naso. Kodwa-ke, akufanele kukhohlwe ukuthi injini yemoto yezemidlalo engu-2,3-litre ayiveli kunoma ubani, kodwa kusukela ku-Ford kakade efakazelwe ukwehlisa i-maestro. Amaqiniso awanakuphikiswa - muva nje i-1.0 EcoBoost ithole isihloko esithi "International Engine of the Year ekilasini ifike ku-1,0 litre" okwesihlanu kulandelana, futhi ngaphambi kwalokho yawina indondo ye-absolute "International Engine of the Year" kathathu. izikhathi, okungekho omunye owayezazi ngenxa yobuciko bakhe. izinkampani zehlulekile. Mhlawumbe Ford wayemanqikanqika ukunikeza Mustang entsha nge eyisishiyagalombili-cylinder V-2,7 injini, okuyinto, naphezu ukuguqulwa, manje umshini zakudala ezingase zithathelwe indawo kalula omunye EcoBoost six-cylinder amayunithi nge turbocharger ezimbili (3,5 EcoBoost) kanye ne-100, 5,0 EcoBoost ). Kuliqiniso ukuthi ngisho enkulu kunazo zonke yazo ayikwazi ukuletha umsindo ohlukile we-octave, kodwa kuyiqiniso futhi ukuthi inguqulo yayo enamandla kakhulu inikeza i-XNUMXNm, engaphezu kuka-XNUMXNm ye-Ti-VCT.

Kunoma ikuphi, singasho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi kuleli fomu i-V-XNUMX icula iculo layo le-swan, noma siyayithanda noma cha.

Eqinisweni, eminyakeni engu-30 edlule, abakwaFord bamangaza imboni yezimoto yaseMelika ngokunikeza i-Mustang esheshayo, inguqulo ye-SVO, hhayi ngeziyisishiyagalombili ezinkulu ezivamile kodwa enenjini engu-2,3-litre inline turbocharged. Yebo, kunjalo - ivolumu efanayo nokugcwalisa njenge-2,3 EcoBoost entsha. Futhi-ke isikhathi siyazikhulumela - imithetho yase-US yokukhipha umoya iya iqina - futhi injini isuselwe emotweni ekhona ngokwemvelo esifiselekayo evela ohlwini lwabakwaFord. Kodwa-ke, kufanele sikhulume iqiniso elithakazelisayo lokuthi amandla alo mshini - naphezu kwencazelo ephezulu yamagama ngemuva kwesifinyezo esithi SVO, noma igama elingaqondakali le-Special Vehicle Operations - angama-hp angu-175 kuphela, okubonakala kungenangqondo cishe kabili ubukhulu. inombolo ku-mustang entsha.

Njengawo wonke umugqa wamayunithi amasha ancishisiwe, abakwaFord basebenzisa isizotha kakhulu kepha, njengoba kuvela, ibinzana elinamandla kakhulu i-EcoBoost, kanye nenjini engu-2,3 litre evela ku-XNUMX litre unit ibisengaphansi kokuthuthuka okukhulu iminyaka emithathu. ... Injini yakhelwe ukwamukela ukudlulisela phambili nangaphambili, ngakho-ke akumangazi ukuthi yavela ngasikhathi sinye kudrayivu edonsa ngamasondo angaphambili. ULincoln MKC no-Mustang.

I-EcoBoost isebenza ngokugcwele.

Ngesikhathi onjiniyela bakwaFord bethula injini yabo engu-1,0 EcoBoost three-cylinder turbo emphakathini wezobuchwepheshe ngo-2012, isabukeka iyindida kwabaningi. Yabe isiwina umklomelo we-International Engine of the Year iminyaka emithathu ilandelana - into engakaze yenzeke kuwo wonke umlando weminyaka engu-16 walo mqhudelwano. Kwengezwe kulokhu iminyaka emihlanu ilandelana (kuhlanganise no-2016) lapho enqobe khona isicoco ekilasini lakhe. U-Bob Fazetti, inhloko yokuthuthukiswa kwezinjini enkampanini ye-blue oval, uthi ubengakaze acabange ukuthi injini izoba yimpumelelo emangazayo. Lapho, ekuqaleni kwesigaba sokuthuthukiswa kwale moto, owayeyinhloko yomnyango wezinjini ngaleso sikhathi, futhi manje esephakeme kubaphathi bakwaFord, uBarb Samardzic, wethula umqondo omusha ebhodini labaqondisi eDetroit, omunye wabaphathi abangabazayo ngisho wabuza, akunjalo? kuzwakala njengomshini wokuthunga. Eqinisweni, isinqumo sokuyidala akulula futhi siyisinyathelo esinesibindi sokuya phambili, ngoba ubuchwepheshe be-turbocharging kanye nomjovo oqondile abukathuthukisiwe ngokwanele, okungenani onjiniyela be-Ford. Futhi ukuwahlanganisa emshinini onjalo kuwukugxumela kokungaziwa. Eyokuqala kulayini wezinjini ezincishisiwe, i-3.5 EcoBoost akuyona injini encishisiwe ncamashi, njengoba iwuhlobo olunamandla lwenjini eyayinesifiso ngokwemvelo eyayikhona ngaleso sikhathi.

Manje njengoba iFord ihlanganisa cishe lonke uhla lwezimoto ezinikezwayo ngamayunithi anjalo, umbuzo ngekusasa lamayunithi afunwa ngokwemvelo ubonakala unezimpendulo ezicacile. Kodwa-ke, onjiniyela benkampani bayashiya la mathuba, bagxile kakhulu ezimotweni ngezinjongo eziyisisekelo zasemadolobheni, lapho kungadingekile ukuba namandla amakhulu kangako. Lokhu, isibonelo, inguqulo evunyelwe ngokwemvelo yenjini eyisilinda emithathu. Uma kukhulunywa ngamandla amaningi nokusetshenziswa okuncane kukaphethiloli, ayikho enye indlela ebusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe ezinjini zikaphethiloli. Isizukulwane esilandelayo sezinjini ze-EcoBoost, kanye nezinjini zangaphambilini ze-EcoBoost 3,5, 1,0, 1,6 kanye no-2,0, zifaka phakathi u-1,5 no-2,3 ezine-cylinder kanye no-2,7 eziyisithupha oyisilinda.

Eyokuqala yalezi, eyethulwe embukisweni wezimoto iGeneva Motor Show ngo-2014, iwukwakhiwa kwenjini engu-1,6 litre okushintshwa kwayo okuncane ngenxa yokuthi izinjini ezishintshayo ezingaphansi kuka-1,5 litres zijabulela intela enkulu eChina. . Nokho, iyimoto yesimanje ukwedlula umzala wayo engu-1,6 litre, futhi inamandla afanayo angu-150 no-180 hp. inikeza ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuphansi. Lesi sizukulwane esisha (esikhiqizwe e-Romania) siboleka ubuchwepheshe kozakwabo omncane we-1,0 EcoBoost, njengedizayini yekhanda entsha ngokuphelele enokupholisa okuthuthukisiwe kanye namapayipi okukhipha umoya ahlanganisiwe. I-1,6 EcoBoost kwayona ithathe indawo ye-2,0 Duratec ebikade ifunwa ngokwemvelo eminyakeni embalwa edlule, kwathi enkulu engu-2.0 EcoBoost yathatha indawo yezinjini ezincane ze-V6 – ikakhulukazi kumamodeli ase-US nasezinguqulweni zezemidlalo zeFocus neMondeo. Injini efiselekayo ngokwemvelo engu-3,5-litre isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi i-SUV, iveni kanye namamodeli e-limousine aphambili futhi inama-320 hp ngezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene. (542 Nm) kufika ku-380 hp (624 Nm).

1.0 I-EcoBoost

Amandla amaningi amalitha kuneBugatti Veyron

Ayigcinanga ngokuwina umklomelo we-EcoBoost 1,0 International Engine of the Year amahlandla amathathu elandelana, ithole neminye imiklomelo eminingi kulesi simo. Khonamanjalo, le moto isinenguqulo enamandla amakhulu kakhulu kumamodeli weFiesta Zetec S Red and Black. Kuzo ayinayo ngaphezulu futhi ayikho ngaphansi kuka-140 hp. Lokhu kusho ilitha elinamandla amaningi kuneBugatti Veyron. Ngale njini, iFiesta iyashesha ukusuka ku-100 iye ku-9 km / h ngemizuzwana engu-4,49 isebenzisa umjikelezo ojwayelekile ongu-100 l / XNUMX km. Ukufeza leli nani lamandla, lesi simanga esincane sobunjiniyela sesithole ukuqeqeshwa okusha, okubandakanya ukushuna okusha kwe-Continental turbocharger control kanye nokuvulwa kwe-valve; i-intercooler ne-valve mpintsha ishintshiwe.

I-RPM ye-turbocharger ifinyelela ku-248, okuphindwe kabili kunenjini yemoto ye-Formula 000. Kodwa-ke, lo mshini ohlakaniphile ugcina izinga eliphezulu lokusebenza kahle, uletha hhayi kuphela impendulo esheshayo, kodwa futhi nokucindezela okukhulu kwe-1 bar. Ukucindezela okukhulu kumasilinda enjini ye-litre yi-1,6 bar. Ngomjaho wamathrekhi, kusetshenziswa ngisho nezinguqulo ezine-124 ne-180 hp, futhi esizukulwaneni esisha semoto, enye yamasilinda ikhutshaziwe kwimodi yokulayisha ingxenye. Kuyimpumelelo enkulu ngempela ukuba nenjini enamasilinda amathathu esebenza kumasilinda amabili ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ibhalansi yayo.

2.3 I-EcoBoost

Isimanga Esine

Ngokweqile, lokhu kungase kube idrayivu eyisisekelo, kodwa-ke le njini ayihlushwa ukuntuleka kwamandla - nge-314 hp yayo. kanye ne-torque engu-434 Nm, lena injini enamandla kakhulu engamasilinda amane eyake yakhiwa ngabakwaFord. Mhlawumbe uhlobo lwenjini yisinqumo sokuyakha eYurophu (embonini eseValencia, eSpain), kodwa imboni yakwaFord eCleveland, e-Ohio izosiza ekwenyukeni kokuthengisa.

Umgomo weqembu likaScott Makovsky, oyinhloko yesigaba se-four-cylinder division, ukufaka enye yazo ku-Mustang, kepha imoto ayilahli amandla. Lesi sabelo sidinga ukuthi amahhashi aqale ku-3, futhi iqembu lisebenzise amaphesenti angama-20 ngaphezu kwesikhathi esivamile ekuhlaziyweni kwamakhompyutha ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe ingxenye yokuqala. Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kukhokhelwa ukugeleza komoya ungene kumasilinda kanye nenqubo yokusha, ngoba isilinganiso sokucindezela siphezulu (9,5: 1), i-piston stroke inkulu (94 mm) nobubanzi besilinda buncane (87,55 mm). ). Lesi sakhiwo esithile siholela odingweni lokuhlaziywa komoya, futhi ubungozi bokugcwala kukaphethiloli ezindongeni zamasilinda kudinga ukwenziwa kwama-injektha anama-orifices ayisithupha nobume bombhobho ohlukile.

Njengawo wonke amanye amalungu omndeni wakwa-EcoBoost, injini engu-2,3 litre ine-valve valve eguquguqukayo, umjovo oqondile ku-163 bar kanye nokugcwaliswa okuphoqelelwe kwebha engu-1,7, nayo eningi kakhulu kulolu hlobo lwenjini. Iphampu kaphethiloli kanye nama-injector kuhlinzekwa nguBosch futhi kwenza imijikelezo emibili yomjovo ekuqaleni okubandayo nezindlela ezinesivinini esiphansi sokuxubana okungcono nophethiloli womoya. Ibhulokhi ye-aluminium is cast-cast futhi ifake ama-steel cylinder liners nezimbambo ezimbalwa zangaphandle ukuqinisa isakhiwo.

Esikhundleni sezithende ezihlukene, ama-bearings ayinhloko asebenzisa ifreyimu evamile yokusekela, i-crankshaft yenziwe ngensimbi, izinduku zokuxhuma zenziwe ngensimbi eyakhiwe, futhi ama-piston e-aluminium akhiwe anensimbi yensimbi esebenza njengesisekelo sokuvala i-piston ephezulu. indandatho. Izinsika zamavalvu zakhiwe ngaphambili kwepiston ngokwayo, futhi ngaphakathi kwepiston ngayinye inombombo wokupholisa ohlukile. Ikhanda le-cylinder ngokwalo, njengomlingani walo omncane wamasilinda amathathu, lihlanganise ama-nifold exhaust ekhanda, linciphisa ukucindezeleka kokushisa kwe-turbo nokulahlekelwa kokugeleza kwegesi, lapho ama-valve agcwele i-sodium kanye nemibhede eqinisiwe yengezwa.

Okubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwenjini ukufakwa kwe-Honeywell dual-mode turbocharger. Ukwakhiwa okuphindwe kabili kwe-helix kugcina amandla aphezulu we-pulsations ngokushaya ngokoqobo ama-turbine blades. Lokhu futhi kuvumela izigaba zokuvulwa kwama-valve ezibanzi, ngoba umjovo oqondile uvumela umoya ohlanzekile ukuthi ufuthwe kahle kumasilinda, nawo ahlinzeka ukugqagqana okukhulu kwesigaba. Ukulawulwa kwabo kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ukufakwa kwamadivayisi kawoyela ngaphansi kwengcindezi futhi kubanga lama-50 degrees. Ukuze uthole injini enkulu kangaka yamasilinda amane, shaft yokulinganisa ibalulekile, kodwa, kuleli cala yenziwe nge-aluminium futhi isindisa isisindo esingu-5 kg.

Kafushane

IFord 2.3 EcoBoost

Injini / Ukufuduswa: 2,300-cylinder, 3cc

Amandla wamahhashi 314 hp ku-5500 rpm

Isikhathi sebhande: i-DOHC, ama-valve amane nge-cylinder ngayinye, ukungena kwe-oyela okuguquguqukayo nezigaba zokuphuma, ama-valve wokucindezela uwoyela

Ukuminyaniswa isilinganiso: 9,5: 1

Ubunzima x Stroke: 87,55 x 94mm

I-Turbocharger: Honeywell Garret indiza eyodwa

Uhlelo lwe-Fuel injection: Bosch

Ukwakhiwa: i-aluminium block nekhanda elinamapayipi wokuhlanganisa ahlanganisiwe.