Incazelo yezici zokuphepha kwemoto

Sonke sifuna izimoto zethu ziphephe ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi izimoto zakamuva zigcwele ubuchwepheshe obukhaliphile nobuchwepheshe obuzokugcina wena, abagibeli bakho kanye nabantu abaseduze kwakho niphephile. Lapha sichaza izici zokuphepha zemoto yakho nokuthi zisebenza kanjani ukuze kugcinwe wonke umuntu ephephile.

Yini eyenza imoto iphephe?

Umugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela wethrafikhi yomgwaqo ukushayela ngokucophelela nokunaka. Kodwa kuhle ukwazi ukuthi ukuphepha kwezimoto kube ngcono kakhulu kule minyaka engu-20 edlule. Izimoto zakhiwe ziqine kakhulu kunangaphambili futhi zinikeza ukuvikeleka okungcono ngesikhathi sokuphahlazeka. Futhi banezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zokuphepha ze-elekthronikhi ezinganciphisa amathuba engozi kwasekuqaleni. 

Izinhlobo ezintsha zensimbi nezindlela zokukhiqiza ezithuthukisiwe zenza ukuklanywa kwezimoto zesimanje kumelane nomthelela. Izimoto futhi zinama "zone ama-crumple" amakhulu noma "izakhiwo ezichotshozwayo" ezimunca amandla amaningi akhiqizwe lapho kushayisana futhi ziwaqondise kude nabagibeli.   

Izinhlelo zokuphepha zika-elekthronikhi noma "ezisebenzayo" ziqapha izimo zomgwaqo nalapho imoto yakho ihlobene nendawo yayo. Abanye bazokwexwayisa ngengozi engase ibe khona, futhi abanye bazongenelela egameni lakho uma kunesidingo. Izimoto ezahlukene zinezici ezihlukene, nakuba eziningi zazo manje zifunwa ngumthetho ezimotweni ezintsha. (Sizobheka lezi ngokuningiliziwe kamuva.)

Ayini amabhande ezihlalo?

Amabhande ezihlalo akugcina usesimweni lapho kwenzeka ingozi. Ngaphandle kwebhande, ungase ushaye ideshibhodi, omunye umgibeli, noma uze uphonswe emotweni, ulimale kabi. Ibhande lihlanganiswe nesakhiwo somzimba wemoto futhi linamandla kangangokuthi lingasetshenziswa ukuphakamisa imoto yonke. Izimoto zakamuva ziphinde zibe nezinye izinto ezisebenza ngamabhande, okuhlanganisa nama-pre-tension adonsa kanzima uma ama-sensor ebona ingozi ezayo.

Ayini ama-airbag?

Ama-airbag avimbela ukuthintana nezingxenye zangaphakathi zemoto ezingase zidale ukulimala. Izimoto eziningi ezintsha zinama-airbag ayisithupha ngaphambili nangaseceleni ukuze zivikele amakhanda abagibeli. Izimoto eziningi ziphinde zibe nama-airbag emzimbeni nasemadolweni, kanti ezinye zize zibe nama-airbag emabhandeni ukuze zivikele isifuba naphakathi kwezihlalo zangaphambili ukuze abagibeli bangashayisani. Ukuthi ama-airbag ayasetshenziswa yini kuncike ebucayini bomthelela (yize e-US asebenzisa uma imoto yeqa umkhawulo wesivinini). Ama-Airbag ahlinzeka ngokuvikeleka okugcwele kuphela uma ubophe ibhande.

Ama-airbags e-Mazda CX-30

Izifundiso eziningi ze-Automotive Tech

Iyini isistimu ye-infotainment esemotweni?

Incazelo yezibani eziyisixwayiso kudeshibhodi yemoto

Ayini ama-anti-lock brakes?

I-anti-lock braking system (ABS) ivimbela imoto ukuthi ingashibiliki ngesikhathi ibhuleka kungazelelwe. Izinzwa zithola lapho isondo selizoyeka ukuzungezisa noma "ukuvala" bese zikhulula ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ziphinde zifake ibhuleki kulelo sondo ukuvimbela ukushibilika. Uzokwazi uma i-ABS icushiwe ngoba uzoyizwa ihlehla ngebhuleki ngokuqhaqhazela. Ngokugcina amasondo emoto yakho ephenduka, i-ABS inciphisa ngokuphawulekayo ibanga elithathwayo ukumisa imoto futhi yenza kube lula ukujika uma ubhuleka, ikusize ukwazi ukulawula.  

Ibhuleki leNissan Juke R.

Kuyini ukulawulwa kokuzinza kwe-elekthronikhi?

Njenge-ABS, i-Electronic Stability Control (ESC), ebuye yaziwe nge-Electronic Stability Programme (ESP), ingolunye uhlelo oluvimbela imoto yakho ukuthi ingashibiliki ekulawuleni. Lapho i-ABS ivimbela ukushibilika uma ibhuleka, i-ESC ivimbela ukushushuluza lapho ijika amakhona. Uma izinzwa zithola ukuthi isondo selizoshibilika, zizofaka amabhuleki kulelo sondo kanye/noma zinciphise amandla ukuze imoto ihlale iqondile futhi incane. 

Ukulawula ukuzinza kwe-elekthronikhi kusebenza (isithombe: Bosch)

Kuyini ukulawulwa kokudonsa?

Uhlelo lokulawula ukudonsa luvimbela amasondo emoto ukuthi alahlekelwe ukudonsa nokuphenduka ngesikhathi ijubane, okungaholela ekulahlekelweni kokuwalawula. Uma izinzwa zithola ukuthi isondo selizophenduka, zinciphisa amandla anikezwa lelo sondo. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi uma umgwaqo ugcwele imvula, udaka noma iqhwa, okungenza amasondo akho alahlekelwe ukudonsa kalula.

I-BMW iX eqhweni

Luyini usizo lomshayeli?

Ukusiza abashayeli yitemu elivamile lezinhlelo zokuphepha eziqapha indawo eseduze nemoto ehambayo futhi zikuxwayise uma kuvela isimo esingaba yingozi. Izinto ezithuthuke kakhulu zingakwazi ukulawula imoto uma umshayeli ehluleka ukuphendula.

Eziningi zalezi zici manje sezidingeka ngokomthetho, kodwa abakhiqizi bezimoto bafaka ezinye njengezijwayelekile noma njengokuzithandela kumamodeli amaningi. Phakathi kwezinto ezivame kakhulu i-automatic emergency braking, ekwazi ukumisa izimo eziphuthumayo uma umshayeli ehluleka ukusabela lapho kushayisana; isixwayiso sokusuka emzileni, esikuxwayisayo uma imoto yakho iphuma emzileni wayo; kanye ne-Blind Spot Alert, ekwazisa uma kukhona enye imoto endaweni eyimpumputhe yemoto yakho.

Sithini isilinganiso sokuphepha se-Euro NCAP?

Uma ufuna imoto entsha, ungase uhlangabezane nesilinganiso sayo se-Euro NCAP futhi uzibuze ukuthi kusho ukuthini lokho. I-Euro NCAP wuhlelo olusha lwaseYurophu lokuhlola izimoto olwenzelwe ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwezimoto.

I-Euro NCAP ithenga izimoto ezintsha ngokungaziwa futhi izivivinya ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kokuphahlazeka, okubonisa indlela imoto esebenza ngayo ekuphahlazekeni okuvamile, kanye nokuhlola izici zokuphepha zemoto nokusebenza kwazo.

Uhlelo lwayo lokulinganisa izinkanyezi lwenza kube lula ukuqhathanisa ukuphepha kwezimoto ezahlukene: ngayinye inikezwa isilinganiso senkanyezi, kanti ezinhlanu ziphezulu kakhulu. Imibandela ye-Euro NCAP iye yaqina ngokuhamba kweminyaka, ngakho imoto eyathola izinkanyezi ezinhlanu eminyakeni engu-10 edlule cishe ngeke izithole okufanayo namuhla ngenxa yokuthi ayinazo izinto zakamuva zokuphepha.

Ukuhlolwa kokuphahlazeka kwe-Euro NCAP Subaru Outback

Ziningi izinga Izimoto ezisetshenzisiwe ongakhetha kukho e-Cazoo futhi manje ungathola imoto entsha noma esetshenzisiwe ngayo Ukubhalisa kukaKazu. Vele usebenzise isici sokusesha ukuze uthole okuthandayo bese uthenge, uxhase ngemali noma ubhalise kukho ku-inthanethi. Unga-oda ukulethwa emnyango wakho noma uthathe eseduze Isikhungo Senkonzo Yamakhasimende saseCazoo.

Sihlala sibuyekeza futhi sandisa ububanzi bethu. Uma ufuna ukuthenga imoto esetshenzisiwe futhi ungayitholi elungile namuhla, kulula setha izexwayiso zokuphromotha ukuba ngowokuqala ukwazi uma sinezimoto ezihambisana nezidingo zakho.