Amasosha aseShayina akamuva ingxenye yesi-1
Izimpi zakamuva zaseShayina
Namuhla, i-People's Republic of China inebutho lezindiza lesithathu ngobukhulu emhlabeni, ngokulingana nezindiza zaseMelika nezaseRussia. Asekelwe kuma-fighters angaba ngu-600 anendima eminingi, alingana nama-F-15 kanye nama-F-16 e-US Air Force. Eminyakeni yamuva, inani lezindiza ezintsha (J-10, J-11, Su-27, Su-30) liye landa kakhulu, umsebenzi uyaqhubeka esizukulwaneni esisha sezindiza (i-J-20 ne-J-31 fighters eyenziwe kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obubonakalayo obuphansi). Izikhali eziqondiswayo nezihamba ibanga elide ziya ngokuya zibaluleka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-PRC ayizange inqobe ngokuphelele izinkinga ezijwayelekile zamazwe asathuthuka, ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni nasekukhiqizeni izinjini ze-jet kanye nama-avionics.
Imboni yezindiza yaseChina yakhiwa cishe kusukela ekuqaleni ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II. Usizo olukhulu ku-PRC ngaleso sikhathi lwanikezwa yi-USSR, eyabamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwemboni yezempi yaseShayina, kuhlanganise nezindiza, kwaze kwaba nokuwohloka okukhulu kobudlelwane phakathi kwamazwe amabili, okwenzeka engxenyeni yesibili ye-XNUMXs.
I-Plant No. 112 e-Shenyang ibe yibhizinisi lokuqala elikhulu lezindiza e-China. Ukwakhiwa kwaqala ngo-1951, futhi eminyakeni emibili kamuva lesi sitshalo saqala ukukhiqiza izingxenye zendiza yokuqala. Ekuqaleni kwakuhlelwe ukukhiqiza ama-MiG-15bis fighters njenge-J-2, kodwa lezi zinhlelo azizange zifezeke. Esikhundleni salokho, i-Factory No. 112 yaqala ukukhiqiza ama-MiG-15UTI abaqeqeshi bezihlalo ezimbili njenge-JJ-2. E-Harbin, ukukhiqizwa kwezinjini ze-jet ze-RD-45F kuye kwethulwa.
Ngo-1955, ukukhiqizwa okunelayisensi ye-MiG-17F fighters ngaphansi kwenombolo J-5 kwaqala e-Shenyang, ekuqaleni kusukela ezingxenyeni ezihlinzekwa yi-USSR. I-J-5 yokuqala eyakhiwe ngokugcwele ngamaShayina yandiza ngoJulayi 13, 1956. Izinjini ze-WK-1F zalezi zindiza zakhiwe e-Shenyang Liming njenge-WP-5. I-J-5 yakhiqizwa kwaze kwaba ngu-1959, futhi imishini engu-767 yalolu hlobo yaphuma emgqeni womhlangano. Ngesikhathi esifanayo nokwakhiwa kwama-workshops amakhulu amahlanu efekthri, isikhungo sokucwaninga nesokwakha sahlelwa eShenyang, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Institute No. 601. Umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala kwaba ukudalwa kwenguqulo yokuqeqeshwa enezihlalo ezimbili ye-J-5 fighter - JJ-5 . Inguqulo enjalo, i.e. kabili i-MiG-17, yayingekho e-USSR. I-prototype JJ-5 yabonakala ngoMeyi 6, 1966, kwathi ngo-1986 kwase kwakhiwa izimoto eziyi-1061 zalolu hlobo. Zazinikwa amandla izinjini ze-WK-1A, eziqokwe endaweni i-WP-5D.
NgoDisemba 17, 1958, i-J-6A yokuqala, inguqulo elayisensi ye-MiG-19P fighter, efakwe i-radar sight, yasuka eShenyang. Kodwa-ke, ikhwalithi yezindiza ezenziwe ngamaSoviet yayimpofu kangangokuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamiswa futhi kwenziwa isinqumo sokuyidlulisela esitshalweni saseNanchang, lapho ukukhiqizwa okulayisensiwe kwezindiza ezifanayo ze-J-6B (MiG-19PM) kwethulwa kanyekanye, zihlomile. umcibisholo osuka emoyeni uye emoyeni. -1 (RS-2US). I-J-6B yokuqala eNanchang yasuka zingama-28 kuSepthemba 1959. Nokho, akukho lutho oluvela kulokhu, futhi ngo-1963, wonke umsebenzi okuhloswe ngawo ukwethulwa kokukhiqizwa kwe-J-6A no-J-6B ekugcineni waqedwa. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, e-Shenyang, kwenziwa umzamo wokusungula ukukhiqizwa kwe-J-6 fighter "elula" (MiG-19S), ngaphandle kombono we-radar. Ikhophi yokuqala yaphakanyiswa emoyeni ngo-September 30, 1959, kodwa kulokhu akuzange kuphume lutho. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-J-6 akuzange kuphinde kuqalwe kwaze kwaba yiminyaka embalwa kamuva, ngemva kokuba abasebenzi bethole ulwazi olufanele futhi bathuthukise ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza (kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi, ngokungafani nezimo zangaphambili zalolu hlobo, usizo lweSoviet lwalungekho. esetshenziswa ngalesi sikhathi). I-J-6 yokuqala yochungechunge olusha yasuka ngoSepthemba 23, 1963. Eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva, enye inguqulo “okungeyona i-radar” ye-J-6C yakhiqizwa eShenyang (indiza eyisibonelo yenzeka ngo-Agasti 6, 1969. ). Sekukonke, izindiza zaseShayina zathola cishe ama-J-2400 fighters angaba ngu-6; amanye amakhulu amaningana adalwe ukuze athunyelwe ngaphandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakhiwa ama-634 JJ-6 abaqeqeshi bezihlalo ezimbili (ukukhiqizwa kwanqanyulwa ngo-1986, futhi uhlobo lwaqedwa ngo-2010 kuphela). Izinjini ze-WP-6 (RD-9B) zaqale zakhiwa e-Shenyang Liming, kwase kuba se-Chengdu.
Enye indiza eyakhiqizwa eShenyang kwakuyi-interceptor ye-J-8 twin-engine kanye nokuguqulwa kwayo i-J-8-II. Isinqumo sokuthuthukisa indiza enjalo senziwa ngo-1964, futhi kwakuyindiza yokuqala yaseShayina yokulwa eyakhiwe cishe yonke endlini. I-prototype i-J-8 yasuka ngoJulayi 5, 1969, kodwa ukucindezelwa komklami omkhulu uLiu Hongzhi ngesikhathi seNguquko Yezenkolo Yabasebenzi Enkulu eChina kwaholela ekubambezelekeni okukhulu komsebenzi we-J-8, eyayingenaye umklami omkhulu. iminyaka eminingana. iminyaka. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-serial kwe-J-8 kanye ne-J-8-I ethuthukisiwe kwenziwa ngo-1985-87. Ngaleso sikhathi indiza yayingasasebenzi ngokuphelele, ngakho ngo-1980 kwaqala umsebenzi wokwenza inguqulo yesimanje enombono othuthuke kakhulu we-radar emnsalweni nasezimbanjeni eziseceleni esikhundleni salowo omaphakathi. Bekumele ihlome ngemicibisholo ejikijelwayo esuka emoyeni iye emoyeni ephakathi nendawo. I-prototype yale ndiza yasuka ngoJuni 12, 1984, kwathi ngo-1986 yafakwa ekukhiqizweni, kodwa kuphela enguqulweni ye-J-8-IIB lapho izikhali ezihlosiwe zethulwa ngendlela ye-PL-11 eqondiswa yi-radar esebenzayo. imicibisholo. Sekukonke, ngo-2009 kwakhiwa ama-fighters angama-400 alolu hlobo, amanye awo avuselelwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Engxenyeni yesibili yeminyaka yamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye, isitshalo saseShenyang saqala ukukhiqizwa okunelayisensi yama-Russian Su-27SK fighters, aziwa ngaphansi kwegama lendawo elithi J-11 (okuningi mayelana nalesi sihloko kungatholakala kwesinye isihloko kulo magazini).
Imboni yesibili enkulu yezindiza zokulwa eChina yiFactory No. 132 eChengdu. Ukukhiqizwa kwaqala lapho ngo-1964 (ukwakhiwa kwaqala ngo-1958) futhi ekuqaleni lezi kwakuyindiza ye-J-5A (i-J-5 enombono we-radar; cishe yayingeyona into entsha, kodwa yakhiwe kabusha kuphela) kanye nezindiza ze-JJ-5 ezaqoqwa ezingxenyeni ezilethwe eShenyang. . . Nokho, ekugcineni, kwakuzoba i-MiG-21F-13 (J-7) fighter, ekwazi ukuphinda kabili isivinini somsindo futhi ihlome ngemicibisholo eqondiswe emoyeni ukuya emoyeni eyi-R-3S (PL-2) eqondiswa emoyeni. i-infrared eqondisayo. Nokho, ukuqala ukukhiqizwa kwe-J-7 efekthri enabasebenzi abangenalwazi kwaba yinkinga enkulu, ngakho ukukhiqizwa kwe-J-7 kwaqala eShenyang, kwaqala ukundiza zingama-17 January 1966. E-Chengdu, ngemva konyaka nesigamu kuphela, kodwa ukukhiqizwa okuphelele kwaqala ngemva kweminyaka emithathu kuphela. Ezinguqulweni ezithuthukisiwe ezalandela, cishe i-2500 J-7 fighters yakhiwe, ukukhiqizwa kwayo kwanqanyulwa ngo-2013. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-1986-2017. eGuizhou, kwakhiqizwa uhlobo lwezihlalo ezimbili lwe-JJ-7 (isikhungo siphinde sahlinzeka ngezingxenye zokwakha indiza yokulwa ye-J-7 e-Chengdu). Izinjini ze-WP-7 (R11F-300) zaqale zakhiwa e-Shenyang Liming futhi kamuva e-Guizhou Liyang. Lesi sikhungo sakamuva siphinde sakhiqiza i-WP-13 ethuthukisiwe yezilwi ezintsha (zombili izinhlobo zezinjini ziphinde zasetshenziswa kuma-J-8 fighters).
