Hlola I-Bosch Diesel Technology Entsha Ixazulula Inkinga

Igcina izinzuzo zayo maqondana nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.

“Udizili unekusasa. Namuhla, sifuna ukuyiqeda unomphela impikiswano mayelana nokuphela kobuchwepheshe bukadizili.” Ngala mazwi, u-CEO wakwa-Bosch uDkt. Volkmar Döhner umemezele inqubekelaphambili kubuchwepheshe bukadizili enkulumweni yakhe engqungqutheleni yaminyaka yonke yabezindaba ye-Bosch Group. Intuthuko entsha ye-Bosch izokwenza abenzi bezimoto ukuthi banciphise ukukhishwa kwe-nitrogen oxide (NOx) ngendlela ephawulekayo kangangokuthi bazofinyelela imingcele eqinile. Ezivivinyweni zeReal Emissions (RDE), ukusebenza kwezimoto ezifakwe ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu bedizili bakwaBosch kungaphansi kakhulu hhayi kuphela lezo ezivunyelwe njengamanje, kodwa nalezo okuhlelwe ukuthi zethulwe ngo-2020. Onjiniyela bakwaBosch bazizuzile lezi zibalo. imiphumela ngokwenza ngcono ubuchwepheshe obukhona. Asikho isidingo sezingxenye ezengeziwe ezinganyusa izindleko. "I-Bosch icindezela imingcele yalokho okunokwenzeka ngobuchwepheshe," kusho uDenner. "Zihlonyiswe ngobuchwepheshe bakamuva beBosch, izimoto zikadizili zizohlukaniswa njengezimoto ezikhipha umoya ophansi ngentengo efinyelelekayo." Inhloko yakwa-Bosch iphinde yacela ukuthi kube nokungafihli lutho mayelana nokukhipha i-CO2 esiminyaminyeni somgwaqo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukukala ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kwesikhathi esizayo kanye nokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ezimweni zangempela zomgwaqo.

Qopha amanani ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zomgwaqo: ama-milligram ayi-13 ama-nitrogen oxides ngekhilomitha.

Kusukela ngo-2017, umthetho wase-Europe udinga ukuthi amamodeli ezimoto zabagibeli amasha ahlolwe ngokuhambisana nenhlanganisela ye-RDE-ethobelana ne-RDE yohambo lwasemadolobheni, ngaphandle kwasemadolobheni kanye nolwemigwaqo lungakhiphi ngaphezu kuka-168 mg we-NOx ngekhilomitha. Ngo-2020, lo mkhawulo uzokwehliswa ube ngu-120 mg. Kodwa nanamuhla, izimoto ezihlome ngobuchwepheshe bukadizili be-Bosch zifinyelela isilinganiso esingu-13mg se-NOx emigwaqweni evamile ye-RDE. Lokhu cishe ku-1/10 womkhawulo ozosebenza ngemuva kuka-2020. Futhi ngisho nalapho ushayela ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima zasemadolobheni, lapho imingcele yokuhlola idlula izidingo ezingokomthetho, isilinganiso sokukhishwa kwezimoto ezihloliwe ze-Bosch singama-40 mg/km kuphela. Onjiniyela bakwa-Bosch bathole lokhu kugqama kwezobuchwepheshe ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule. Amanani aphansi enziwa abe khona ngenhlanganisela yobuchwepheshe besimanje bokujova uphethiloli, uhlelo olusha lokulawula ukugeleza komoya nokulawula izinga lokushisa okukhaliphile. Ukukhishwa kwe-NOx manje kuhlala ngaphansi kwamazinga amukelekayo kuzo zonke izimo zokushayela, noma ngabe ukusheshisa kanzima noma ukukhasa kwemoto encane, kubanda noma kushisa, emigwaqweni emikhulu noma emigwaqweni ematasa yedolobha. "Izimoto zikadizili zizogcina indawo yazo kanye nethuba lokuhamba kwabantu emadolobheni," kusho uDener.

UBosch ukhombisa ubufakazi benqubekela phambili yakhe entsha nge-test drive ehlelwe ngokukhethekile eStuttgart. Izinqwaba zezintatheli, ezivela eJalimane nakwamanye amazwe, zithole ithuba lokushayela izimoto zokuhlola ezifakwe amamitha angomahamba nendlwana edolobheni laseStuttgart. Imininingwane yomzila kanye nemiphumela etholwe izintatheli ingatholakala lapha. Njengoba izindlela zokwehlisa i-NOx zingenawo umthelela omkhulu ekusetshenzisweni kukaphethiloli, uphethiloli ugcina izinzuzo zawo zokuqhathanisa ngokomnotho wephethiloli, ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 ngakho-ke kufaka isandla ekuvikelweni kwemvelo.

Ukuhlakanipha okungekuhle kungakhuphula amandla wezinjini zangaphakathi zomlilo

Noma kunentuthuko enjalo kwezobuchwepheshe, injini ye-diesel ayikafinyeleli amandla ayo okuthuthuka ngokugcwele. I-Bosch ihlose ukusebenzisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa ukuze ibuyekeze izimpumelelo zayo zakamuva. Lokhu kuzoba esinye isinyathelo esibheke emgomweni obalulekile wokuthuthukisa injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ukuthi (ngaphandle kwe-CO2) ngeke ibe nomthelela omncane emoyeni ozungezile. “Sikholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi injini kadizili izoqhubeka nokubamba iqhaza elibalulekile kwezokuthutha esikhathini esizayo. “Njengoba izimoto zikagesi zingena emakethe enkulu, sizodinga lezi zinjini ezisebenza kahle zangaphakathi.” Umgomo wokuvelela wonjiniyela bakwa-Bosch ukuthuthukisa isizukulwane esisha sezinjini zikadizili nekaphethiloli ezingeke zikhiphe izinhlayiya ezibalulekile kanye nokukhishwa kwe-NOx. Ngisho nakwenye yezindawo zase-Stuttgart ezingcoliswe kakhulu, i-Neckartor, izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi zesikhathi esizayo akumele zikhiphe ngaphezu kwe-microgram ye-nitrogen oxides ku-cubic meter yomoya ozungezile, okulingana no-1% wesilinganiso esiphezulu sanamuhla sama-microgram angu-2,5. nge-cubic meter ngayinye.

I-Bosch ifuna ukuqhubekela phambili - izivivinyo ezisobala nezingokoqobo zokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kanye ne-CO2

I-Dener iphinde yacela ukunakwa kokukhishwa kwe-CO2 okuhlobene ngokuqondile nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Uthe ukuhlolwa kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli akusafanele kwenziwe e-lab, kodwa akumele kwenziwe esimweni sangempela sokushayela. Lokhu kungakha uhlelo oluqhathaniseka nalolo olusetshenziswa ukukala ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni. "Lokhu kusho ukucaca okwengeziwe kubathengi kanye nesenzo esiqondiswe kakhulu sokuvikela imvelo," kusho uDener. Ukwengeza, noma isiphi isilinganiso sokukhishwa kwe-CO2 kumele sidlulele ngale kwethangi likaphethiloli noma ibhethri: “Sidinga isilinganiso esisobala sengqikithi ye-CO2 ephuma esiminyaminyeni somgwaqo, okuhlanganisa hhayi kuphela ukukhishwa kwezimoto ngokwazo, kodwa nokuphuma kokukhiqizwa kukaphethiloli. noma ugesi osetshenziswa ukubanika amandla.umsoco,” kusho uDener. Wanezela ukuthi ukuhlaziywa okuhlangene kokukhishwa kwe-CO2 kuzonikeza abashayeli bezimoto zikagesi isithombe esingokoqobo somthelela wemvelo walezi zimoto. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha angewona ama-fossil kungase kunciphise nakakhulu ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 ezinjinini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi.

Ikhodi Yomkhiqizo we-Bosch - Idizayini Yobuchwepheshe Bokuziphatha

UDenner, naye obhekene ngqo nocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa, ubuye wethula Ikhodi Yokuthuthukiswa Komkhiqizo we-Bosch. Okokuqala, ikhodi ikwenqabela ngokuqinile ukufakwa kwemisebenzi ethola ngokuzenzakalelayo izihibe zokuhlola. Okwesibili, imikhiqizo ye-Bosch ayidingi ukulungiselelwa izimo zokuhlola. Okwesithathu, ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kwemikhiqizo ye-Bosch kumele kuvikele impilo yomuntu, kanye nokuvikela izinsiza kanye nemvelo ngezinga eliphezulu ngangokunokwenzeka. “Ngaphezu kwalokho, izenzo zethu ziqondiswa isimiso sokuba semthethweni kanye nesiqubulo sethu esithi “Ubuchwepheshe Bokuphila”. Ezimeni ezinombango, amanani eBosch ahamba phambili kunezifiso zamakhasimende, ”kuchaza uDener. Isibonelo, kusukela maphakathi no-2017, i-Bosch ayisahileleki kumaphrojekthi wamakhasimende aseYurophu ezinjini zikaphethiloli ezingenaso isihlungi se-particle. Ekupheleni konyaka wezi-70, abasebenzi abayizi-000, iningi labo abavela emkhakheni we-R&D, bazoqeqeshwa emigomeni yekhodi entsha ohlelweni lokuqeqesha olubanzi kakhulu emlandweni wenkampani weminyaka eyi-2018.

Imibuzo yezobuchwepheshe nezimpendulo mayelana nobuchwepheshe obusha bedizili beBosch

• Yiziphi izici ezihlukanisayo zobuchwepheshe obusha bedizili?

Kuze kube manje, ukuncishiswa kokukhishwa kwe-NOx ezimotweni zikadizili kuphazanyiswe yizinto ezimbili. Esokuqala isitayela sokushayela. Isixazululo sobuchwepheshe esakhiwe yi-Bosch wuhlelo lokulawula ukugeleza komoya lwenjini olusebenza kahle kakhulu. Isitayela sokushayela esishintshashintshayo sidinga ukuphinda kujikelezwe kabusha kwegesi ephumayo eshintshashintshayo. Lokhu kungafezwa nge-RDE-optimized turbocharger ephendula ngokushesha kunama-turbocharger avamile. Ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kabusha kwegesi yokukhipha umfutho ophakeme nophansi, isistimu yokulawula ukugeleza komoya iba nezimo nakakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umshayeli angakwazi ukuyicindezela kakhulu igesi ngaphandle kokuthi kukhuphuke isisi esikhipha umoya. Izinga lokushisa nalo linethonya elikhulu kakhulu.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuguqulwa kwe-NOx okuphelele, izinga lokushisa legesi ephumayo kufanele libe ngaphezu kuka-200 ° C. Uma ushayela edolobheni, izimoto ngokuvamile azifinyeleli kulokhu kushisa. Yingakho uBosch ekhethe uhlelo lokuphatha injini kadizili oluhlakaniphile. Ilawula ngenkuthalo izinga lokushisa lamagesi okukhipha umoya - isistimu yokukhipha umoya ihlala ishisa ngokwanele ukuze isebenze ebangeni lokushisa elizinzile, futhi ukukhishwa kuhlala kuphansi.

• Ngabe ubuchwepheshe obusha buzolungela nini ukukhiqizwa kwe-serial?

Uhlelo olusha lukadizili lweBosch lususelwa ezingxenyeni esezivele zimakethe. Manje isiyatholakala kumakhasimende futhi ingafakwa ekukhiqizweni ngobuningi.

• Kungani ukushayela edolobheni kuyinselele enkulu kunokushayela ngaphandle kwedolobha noma emgwaqeni omkhulu?

Ukuguqulwa okuphelele kwe-NOx, izinga lokushisa kwegesi okufanele libe ngaphezu kuka-200 ° C. Lokhu kushisa kuvamise ukungafinyelelwa ekushayeleni emadolobheni, lapho izimoto zikhasa phakathi kweziminyaminya futhi zime njalo ziqale. Ngenxa yalokho, uhlelo lokukhipha luyaphola. Uhlelo olusha lweBosch Thermal Management luxazulula le nkinga ngokulawula ngenkuthalo izinga lokushisa kwegesi.

• Ngabe i-thermostat entsha idinga i-heater yokukhipha i-48V eyengeziwe noma ezinye izinto ezifanayo?

Uhlelo olusha lukadizili lweBosch lususelwa ezingxenyeni esezikhona emakethe futhi aludingi olunye ugesi ongu-48 V on-board.

• Ngabe ubuchwepheshe obusha beBosch buzokwenza injini kadizili ibize kakhulu?

Ubuchwepheshe bukadizili beBosch bususelwa ezingxenyeni ezitholakalayo esezihloliwe ezimotweni zokukhiqiza zochungechunge. Intuthuko enqumayo ivela enhlanganisweni entsha yezinto ezikhona. Ukunciphisa ukungcola ngeke kwenyuse izindleko zezimoto zikadizili njengoba kungadingeki ezinye izingxenye zemishini.

• Ngabe injini kadizili izolahlekelwa yinzuzo yayo mayelana nomnotho kaphethiloli kanye nokuvikelwa kwesimo sezulu?

Cha. Umgomo wonjiniyela bethu wawucacile - ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-NOx ngenkathi kugcinwa inzuzo kaphethiloli we-diesel ngokuya nge-CO2 emissions. Ngakho, uphethiloli we-diesel ugcina indima yawo enenzuzo ekuvikelweni kwesimo sezulu.