I-prototype yaseNorway

I-Havbjørn, umkhumbi oyinkimbinkimbi ozokwakhiwa, owavumela u-Komuna ukuthi angene emakethe yaseScandinavia.

Lo mkhumbi, umkhumbi wokuqala ovela eGdynia emazweni aseScandinavia, onomlando othakazelisayo wokwakha, wawubaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni kwamanye amazwe i-Shipyard. Mayelana ne-Paris Commune. Iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ekwakheni futhi edinga ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusha, ivule indlela yalesi sitshalo kumakhasimende aseNtshonalanga.

Ngo-1968-1969, izivumelwano zaqedwa nabanikazi bemikhumbi abahlanu baseNorway kwabathwala inqwaba ye-13 B-523. Eyokuqala eyisishiyagalolunye yayizoba amathani angu-26 000, futhi amane alandelayo ayezoba amathani angu-23 000. Bonke abashayeli bemikhumbi ababesebenza kuyo bathola ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe ngekhwalithi nokuqedwa kwale mikhumbi eyinkimbinkimbi. I-prototype kwakuyi-Havbjørn (I-IMO 7036527), ukwakhiwa kwayo okwaqala zingama-23 kuZibandlela 1969 futhi yethulwa zingama-24 kuMfumfu 1970. Izivivinyo zasolwandle zenziwa ngoMashi 1971. Lezi zaba yimpumelelo futhi ukufakwa kwazuza yonke imingcele yezobuchwepheshe eyayihlosiwe.

Onjiniyela u-Tadeusz Jastrzebski, u-Alexander Kaczmarski no-Jan Sochaczewski babenomthwalo wemfanelo wokuklama nokwakhiwa kwesithwali senqwaba. Uchwepheshe oyinhloko kwakungunjiniyela. Alexander Robashkevich, futhi ukwakhiwa kwaholwa unjiniyela. Waldemar Przewloka, M.Sc. UStanislav Wojtysyak, unjiniyela. Zygmunt Noske and Eng. UJerzy Wilk. Lo mkhumbi owasuswa endaweni engamathani ayisigidi wakhiwa eGdynia Komuna, eyayinemikhumbi engama-306 yezinhlobo ezingama-35.

Ubude obuphelele be-Havbjørna buyi-163,20 m, ububanzi buyi-25,90 m, ubude obuhlangothini kuya esiteji esikhulu ngu-15,20 m, okusalungiswa okuphezulu ngu-11,00 m. Idrayivu eyinhloko yinjini yedizili ye-Cegielski-Sulzer 6RD76 enamandla angu-10 hp. , isivinini - 200 amafindo, cruising range - 15 15 miles nautical.

Umkhumbi uyisikulufe esisodwa, umnsalo onesitezi esisodwa kanye nomkhumbi ongemuva onegumbi lenjini ngemuva. Idizayinelwe ukuthuthwa kwempahla eningi, kuhl. okusanhlamvu, i-bauxite, i-limestone, usimende namalahle ezindaweni ezinhlanu zokuzilayisha. Umthamo wokusanhlamvu - 34 m649. Imishini yethu yokulayisha kabusha ihlanganisa ama-cranes ahambayo angu-3, ama-cranes wokubamba, amathani angu-2, anokufinyelela kwe-boom okungamamitha angu-16. Kwakungumkhumbi onezinga eliphezulu lokuzishintshanisa. Izicabha zempahla zinezivalo ze-McGregor ezine-lever eyodwa ezine-central hydraulic lift. Umkhumbi usebenzisa amawintshi amabili okusetshenzwa kwe-hydraulic anchor kanye namawintshi amathathu othomathikhi we-mooring. I-electro-hydraulic vane-type steering mechanism yayinamaphampu amabili, ngalinye labelanele ukuqondisa iphini futhi laliklanyelwe ukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo.

Zonke izindawo zokuhlala zangaphakathi zamalungu ezisebenzi ezingama-48 zihlonyiswe ngezindinganiso eziphakeme zaseScandinavia. Basebenzise izinto ezinhle kakhulu zokupholisa umoya zaseNtshonalanga kanye nemishini yokungenisa umoya. Umkhumbi ubuye ufakwe imishini yokuxhumana yomsakazo yesimanje kakhulu eyenziwe eNorway, kanye nemishini yokusakaza yomsakazo neye-elekthronikhi.

Ijimu ye-Havbjørna yakhelwe ukusebenza ngezikhathi ezithile okungenamuntu olwandle isikhathi esingafika emahoreni angama-24. Kwasetshenziswa isilawuli esizenzakalelayo nesikude senjini eyinhloko.

Ukuzenzekelayo kwesikhungo samandla kwakhiwe ngesimiso "sokucisha", okungukuthi, uma kwenzeka i-chiller esebenzayo ikhishwa ngaphandle kwenethiwekhi, enye iyunithi yavulwa ngokuzimela, ixhunywe kunethiwekhi kanye namaphampu ophephela asebenzayo. zavulwa ngokulandelana okuthile kwaze kwaba sehluleke. Ukusebenza kwebhayela yesitimu nakho kwakuzenzakalela ngokuphelele.

Izigxobo zisetshenziselwa ukuthi ungakhathazeki kakhulu ngezinsuku zokugcina. Lokhu kwakuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi emikhunjini ye-USSR, eminingi yayo eyakhiqizwa. Uma okuthile kungahambanga kahle, ngokuvamile kwakungekho miphumela kukho ngoba umamukeli ubengafuneki kakhulu. Ngakho-ke izisebenzi zasegcekeni lemikhumbi zazingakhathazeki kakhulu ngokuthi isikhathi sokuqoqwa sasisondela, futhi ukunikezwa komkhumbi wezimpahla waseNorway kwakusekude.

Umnikazi womkhumbi u-Hans Otto Meyer ovela e-Oslo wafika nethimba lonke ekupheleni kweminyaka yawo-1970 ngesikhathi sokuqoqa esishiwo kwinkontileka. Wamangala lapho ebona isimo sikaHavbjorn. Ecasuke kakhulu, wabeka amadoda akhe endlini yezihambi futhi bonke balinda waze waphela umkhumbi. Kwadlula izinyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba ayilande, ebhekisisa kahle isimo sayo sobuchwepheshe. Wabala nezindleko zegumbi nendawo yokuhlala yezisebenzi zakhe. Ubale ukulahlekelwa okudaleke ngenxa yokuthi umkhumbi wezimpahla awuhambanga futhi awuthutha impahla. I-summarum yathola ukuthi zonke izindleko zakhe

kanye nokulahlekelwa kwaqondana nezindleko zeyunithi. Futhi ngakho ngo-March 29, 1971, indawo yomkhumbi yanikeza umkhumbi wokuqala kubantu baseNorway mahhala...