Inombolo yomzimba wemoto: yini, ngingayithola kuphi, yiluphi ulwazi engingaluthola
Okuqukethwe
Inombolo ye-VIN yemoto ibethelwe i-WMI (inkomba yomkhiqizi - izinhlamvu zokuqala ezingu-3), i-VDS (izimpawu kanye nonyaka wokukhiqiza imoto - isilinganiso sezinhlamvu ezingu-6) kanye ne-VIS (inombolo ye-serial, ikhodi yesitshalo - izinhlamvu ezingu-8 zokugcina).
Imoto ngayinye inekhodi yayo yomuntu siqu, kuphela ebizwa ngokuthi inombolo ye-VIN yemoto. Kuyo ungathola umlando wemoto, kanye nezinye izici zemoto ngaphambi kokuthenga, ukuthengisa nokukhetha izingxenye ezisele.
VIN - kuyini
Inombolo ye-VIN yemoto iyingqayizivele, ebizwa ngokuthi inkomba, ikhodi ebethela ulwazi olumayelana nedethi yokukhishwa kulayini wokuhlanganisa, umenzi nezici ezibalulekile zemoto. Ngokuvamile inombolo ende, engakhumbuleki yezinombolo, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi inombolo yomzimba.
Kwamanye amamodeli ezimoto, ngaphezu kwalawo asetshenziswa kuhlaka, iwindi, injini, umkhawulo wenombolo yomzimba, kungase kube nekhodi eyimpinda. Itholakala ngokulinganayo, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi lwemoto, futhi ifana ne-VIN. Ku-STS ikhonjiswe njengenombolo ye-chassis, okumele, njengenombolo kamazisi, ifundwe kahle. Uma kungenjalo, kungase kube nezinkinga ngokubhaliswa kwemoto. Inombolo ye-chassis ingenye yezinketho zokusekelwa komshwalense uma kwenzeka i-VIN "esemthethweni" kuhlaka ikhubazekile / yabola / yonakele. Ikuvumela ukuthi uphumelele ukuhlolwa kwemoto ukuze uthole ubuqiniso.
Kufanele bube bunjani ubude
Noma yisiphi isihlonzi esizenzakalelayo sesimanje sinezinhlamvu ezingu-17 ngaphandle kwezikhala, izimpawu zokuloba noma amakhefu. Lezi kungaba izinombolo 0-9 noma izinhlamvu zezinhlamvu zesiLatini, ngaphandle kwalezo ezingasetshenzisiwe ekubhaleni ngekhodi "O", ezifana noziro; "Mina", efana "1" futhi "L"; "Q", efana no-"O", "9" noma uziro. Kodwa uma lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza izimoto ezintsha ezingaphansi kuka-500 ngonyaka, i-VIN yalezi zimoto izoba nezinhlamvu ezingu-12-14 kuphela.
Imoto VIN Ubude
Izici zokubethela zilawulwa yizindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe: ISO 3780 kanye ne-ISO 3779-1983 (kunconyiwe). Ngokwesisekelo sabo, iRussia ine-GOST R 51980-2002, elawula isimiso sokwakhiwa kwekhodi, indawo nemithetho yokusetshenziswa kwayo.
Kubukeka kanjani
Inombolo ye-VIN yemoto ibethelwe i-WMI (inkomba yomkhiqizi - izinhlamvu zokuqala ezingu-3), i-VDS (izimpawu kanye nonyaka wokukhiqiza imoto - isilinganiso sezinhlamvu ezingu-6) kanye ne-VIS (inombolo ye-serial, ikhodi yesitshalo - izinhlamvu ezingu-8 zokugcina).
Isibonelo: XTA21124070445066, lapho i-"XTA" ithi WMI, "211240" iyi-VDS, futhi "70445066" ithi VIS.
Ikuphi emotweni
Inombolo yesidumbu semoto kufanele ikhonjiswe kumadokhumenti (i-STS ne-PTS) nasemotweni ngokwayo. Eshidini ledatha ye-VIN, umugqa ohlukile unikezwa, futhi ezimotweni ezihlukene indawo yophawu lombuso olubethelwe incike kumodeli yemoto kanye nokuthandwa komkhiqizi (wasekhaya, wangaphandle).
Qaphela ukuthi ikhodi yokuhlonza ihlezi itholakala kulezo zingxenye zomzimba ezingakhubazekile kancane noma ezingakwazi ukumane zinqanyulwe emotweni, futhi zishintshwe njengezingxenye ezincane.
Ikhodi ye-VIN kumadokhumenti
Ngesikhathi noma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwezimoto, umhloli unelungelo lokuqhathanisa izinombolo ezikumadokhumenti nalezo ezisemotweni, futhi uma kwenzeka ukwephulwa kobuqotho be-VIN (iminonjana ye-solder yezandla noma upende, ukuntuleka kwekhodi), ukungqubuzana inombolo ekumadokhumenti, imoto izothunyelwa ukuze ihlolwe. Ngakho-ke, uma uthola inkinga ngokuqukethwe kwekhodi, akufanele ubambezele ukubuyiselwa kwe-"cipher" engokomfanekiso.
I-Renault
KwaRenault, inombolo ye-VIN yemoto ingatholakala ezindaweni ezi-3:
- enkomishini ye-absorber yangaphambili yesokudla ngaphansi kwe-hood eduze nemithungo yomzimba;
- ohlangothini lwesokudla lwensika yomzimba etholakala phakathi kwezihlalo zomshayeli nezangemuva;
- ngaphansi kwewindshield.
Indawo yenombolo ye-VIN emotweni yakwaRenault
Kukhona futhi okuphindwe kabili okudingeka ukubheke ngaphansi komugqa we-trunk phansi.
"Iso"
Ku-Oka, indawo eyinhloko ye-VIN yiphaneli elingemuva kwebhethri. Phinda kabili izimpawu zayo ezinamathiselwe phambi kwe-deflector yamanzi noma elungwini eliphambanayo elingakwesokudla kwesitezi ngaphansi kwesihlalo sangemuva.
KAMAZ
Ku-KamAZ, inombolo yomzimba wemoto itholakala ngemuva kwelungu elingakwesokudla le-subframe. Ikhodi iphindeke kabili ku-nameplate enezici eziyinhloko zemoto yempahla ekuvuleni okuphansi komnyango ongakwesokudla.
"ZIL-130"
Inkomba ethi "ZiL-130" itholakala ku-cylinder block kwesokudla, eduze kwesihlungi sikawoyela.
Ikhodi eyimpinda igxivizwe engxenyeni engaphambili ye-eyebolt.
"UAZ"
Kumaveni e-UAZ anomzimba wensimbi yonke, i-VIN isetshenziswa kuphaneli yangaphandle yangaphandle (ngaphansi kwe-hood) ngakwesokudla noma ku-gutter, etholakala ngaphezu kokuvula kwesokudla komnyango womzimba oshelelayo.
"Ural"
Ezimotweni zase-Ural, okuqukethwe kolwazi olubethelwe kungatholakala endaweni yomkhawulo womnyango ongakwesokudla. I-VIN izosetshenziswa kuphaneli elikhethekile elinophawu olwengeziwe lokuvikela.
"Umonakalo"
E-Skoda, inombolo ye-VIN ingaba:
- emaphethelweni omnyango womshayeli;
- phansi kwesiqu (ipuleti);
- ekhoneni elingezansi kwesokunxele le-windshield;
- endaweni yenjini kwesokudla senkomishi ye-shock absorber.
Indawo yenombolo ye-VIN emotweni ye-Skoda
Indawo yekhodi incike ekuguqulweni kwemoto, ngakho-ke lapho uyifuna, uzodinga ukuhlola izindawo eziyinhloko.
I-Chevrolet
Ku-Chevrolet, umazisi wefekthri utholakala ohlangothini lwabagibeli ngaphansi komata waphansi ku-sunroof. Isitika siphinda ikhodi, etholakala ensikeni ephakathi ohlangothini lomshayeli. Ngeke ibe khona inombolo ye-VIN ngaphansi kwesivalo semoto.
I-Honda
Kwa-Honda, izikhundla ezibalulekile zendawo ye-VIN yilezi: indawo engezansi ye-windshield ohlangothini lomshayeli kanye nephansi engxenyeni engaphambili yomgibeli wemoto.
Mercedes
I-Mercedes VIN ingaba:
- ngaphezu kwethangi le-radiator (egumbini lenjini);
- esakhiweni esihlukanisa indawo yabagibeli kanye negumbi lenjini;
- ohlangothini oluseceleni engxenyeni yekhonta yekhothamo lamasondo;
- ngaphansi kwesihlalo sabagibeli sangaphambili;
- emnyango ongakwesokudla;
- ngesimo sesitika ngaphansi kwe-windshield.
Indawo yenombolo ye-VIN emotweni yakwaMercedes
Indawo incike ekuguqulweni kanye nezwe lomhlangano.
I-Mazda
Kwa-Mazda, ikhodi itholakala maqondana nesihlalo esingaphambili ezinyaweni zomgibeli. Irekhodi eliphindaphindayo ligxilile kokuthunyelwe okumaphakathi kwesokudla. Emhlanganweni waseRussia, i-VIN ivame ukutholakala ngaphansi kwe-hood kubha ye-fender yangaphambili nasemnyangweni ohlangothini lomshayeli.
IToyota
KwaToyota, ibha ye-ID itholakala ngaphansi kwesihlalo esingaphambili somgibeli. I-nameplate ikopisha inombolo esesinxeleni sensika engu-B.
Ungathola kanjani ukuthi imoto inamuphi ngenombolo yomzimba
Ulwazi mayelana nokucushwa, izici eziyinhloko kanye nezinketho ezengeziwe zemoto kufakwe phakathi kwengxenye ye-VDS, ehlanganisa izinhlamvu ezingu-6, okungukuthi, kusukela ku-4 kuya ku-9 isikhundla se-VIN ngemuva kwenkomba ye-WMI. Ngokungeza womabili amakhodi, ungafunda i-VIN. Ngokwesibonelo, X1F5410 kusho ukuthi lena "KamAZ" imoto ekhiqizwa "Kama Automobile Plant" e Naberezhnye Chelny. Lo mshini ungugandaganda weloli (4) onesisindo semoto eyi-gross (5) esingamathani ayi-15-20 enguqulweni ye-10 yemodeli.
Ngokuvamile, abanikazi bezimoto zezimoto ezingenasici bacabanga ukuthi inombolo ye-chassis yemoto yi-VIN efanayo. Lokhu kuyadukisa ngoba i-VIN yabelwe injini nemoto, kuyilapho i-ID ye-chassis yabelwe uhlaka lwemoto. Uma ufuna ukubhalisa imoto ngefreyimu emaphoyiseni omgwaqo, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona amakhodi ahlukene angu-2 kuyo, hhayi eyodwa. Inombolo ye-chassis kanye ne-VIN kufanele kufakwe kumadokhumenti emoto.
Ukucacisa ikhodi ye-VIN yemoto
Izinhlamvu zokugcina ezingu-8 ze-ID yomshini zibizwa ngokuthi ingxenye ye-VIS. Ingase iqukathe idatha yenombolo ye-serial yemoto (i-oda lokuphumayo ku-conveyor), idethi yokukhishwa (yabakhiqizi abathile) kanye / noma isitshalo.
Ungawuthola kanjani unyaka wokukhiqizwa kwemoto ngenombolo ye-VIN
Unyaka kanye nosuku lokwenziwa kwemoto ethile kungatholwa inombolo yomzimba ngezindlela ezimbili. Okokuqala ukuvula itafula elikhethekile lapho izimpawu zeminyaka ethile zizochazwa khona. Kodwa kune-drawback ephawulekayo kusheke elinjalo: kubakhiqizi abahlukene, indawo yesibonakaliso esibhekene nonyaka wokukhishwa ngokuvamile iyahluka, noma ayikho nhlobo (njengabaningi baseJapane nabaseYurophu). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abakhiqizi ngabanye babhala ngonyaka endaweni ye-11 yekhodi (i-12 isho inyanga yokukhululwa), nakuba kubhekwa njengento evamile ukwenza lokhu ngohlamvu lwe-10.
Ukuhlelwa kwekhodi okuyinhloko kukulandelana okuthile kwezinhlamvu zesiLatini nezinombolo: okokuqala kunezinhlamvu ezivela ku-A kuya ku-Z, ezihambisana neminyaka esuka ku-1980 kuya ku-2000. Khona-ke ukubethela kwezinombolo kuqala kusukela ku-1 kuya ku-9 ngo-2001-2009, ngokulandelanayo. Bese kuba futhi izinhlamvu A-Z zika-2010-2020. Ngakho-ke ngegebe ngalinye kuba nokushintshwa kwezinhlamvu ezinambeni futhi ngokuphambene nalokho.
Ukunquma unyaka wokwenziwa kwemoto ngenombolo ye-VIN
Indlela elula, engakuphoqi ukuthi uchithe isikhathi ubheka amatafula futhi ucacise indawo yezinhlamvu ezithile kukhodi, ukusebenzisa amasistimu enziwe ngomumo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlola imoto ngenombolo kamazisi. Amasevisi afana ne-“VIN01”, “Autocode”, “Avto.ru”, ekufinyeleleni mahhala nangokuchofoza okumbalwa nje, abonisa idatha eyisisekelo yezimoto: unyaka wokukhiqiza, isigaba semoto, uhlobo, ivolumu namandla enjini.
Idatha efanayo "yobugebengu" ingatholakala ku-inthanethi kumawebhusayithi wamaphoyisa omgwaqo kanye nezikhonzi zenkantolo noma ngokuvakashela inhlangano efanele mathupha.
Indlela yokunquma ukuthi imoto yenziwa kuphi ngenombolo ye-VIN
Ku-WMI, uhlamvu lokuqala luchaza indawo:
- eNyakatho Melika - 1-5;
- I-Australia ne-Oceania - 6-7;
- INingizimu Melika - 8-9;
- Afrika - AG;
- E-Asia - J-R;
- IYurophu - SZ.
Umlingiswa wesibili ukhombisa izwe. Futhi okwesithathu - kumkhiqizi. Uma inombolo yomzimba wemoto iqala, isibonelo, ngezinhlamvu ze-TR, TS, bese ikhishwa emgqeni womhlangano eHungary; nge-WM, WF, WZ - eJalimane. Uhlu oluphelele lwayo yonke imibhalo ingatholakala esizindeni somphakathi ku-net.
Ukunqunywa kwezwe lokukhiqizwa kwemoto ngenombolo ye-VIN
Wonke umshayeli osethuthukile (noma obanjwe ngumkhohlisi, umdayisi, umdayisi ongenanembeza) uba nomkhuba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi: ngaphambi kokuthenga imoto, shaya ikhodi yayo ye-VIN. Ngezenzo ezinjalo, bangazisindisa ekusebenziseni imali kudoti wangempela ku-wrapper enhle noma ukuwela ebugqilini obunemikhawulo, efunwayo noma eboshwe.
Ukuze unciphise isikhathi sokucinga idatha edingekayo, ungasebenzisa izinhlelo zokuhuqa eselenziwe ngomumo okulula ukuzifaka ekhompyutheni nasefonini yakho. Kuye ngokuphelela kolwazi mayelana nemoto eshayiwe, kuzokhishwa i-invoyisi efanele. Njengomthetho, ulwazi oluyisisekelo mayelana nomkhiqizi, unyaka wokukhiqiza, ukuba khona / ukungabikho kwemikhawulo, ukuboshwa nokubamba iqhaza engozini kutholakala mahhala - noma yini engaphezu kwale datha ingadinga inkokhelo.
