Museum of Secret Immigration kanye neNavy eHaifa

I-Haifa, esenyakatho ye-Israel, akulona nje idolobha lesithathu ngobukhulu ezweni - iyikhaya labantu ababalelwa ku-270. izakhamuzi, futhi endaweni yedolobha elikhulu cishe izinkulungwane eziyi-700 - kanye nechweba elibalulekile, kodwa futhi nesizinda esikhulu kunazo zonke samasosha ase-Israel. Lesi sici sokugcina sichaza ukuthi kungani imnyuziyamu yezempi, ebizwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi iMuseum of Secret Immigration kanye neNavy, itholakala lapha.

Leli gama le-atypical livela ngokuqondile emsuka we-Israel Navy, umsuka wabo abawubona emisebenzini eyenziwa ngaphambi, phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, kanye naphakathi kokuphela kwengxabano yomhlaba wonke kanye nokumenyezelwa kombuso futhi okuhloswe ngayo ngokungekho emthethweni. (ngokombono wamaNgisi) amaJuda aya ePalestine. Njengoba lolu daba lungaziwa ngokuphelele ePoland, kufanelekile ukunaka.

Ukufuduka okuyimfihlo kanye nemvelaphi ye-Israel Navy

Umqondo wokuhlela ukufuduka kwamaJuda endaweni yegunya lasePalestine, ukweqa izinqubo zaseBrithani, wazalwa phakathi neminyaka engu-17. Isimo saseYurophu, iLondon sizodela ukufuduka kwamaJuda egameni lokulondoloza ubudlelwano obufanele nama-Arabhu. Lezi zibikezelo zaba yiqiniso. Ngo-Ephreli 1939, 5, abaseBrithani bashicilela "Incwadi Emhlophe", amarekhodi abonisa ukuthi eminyakeni engu-75 ezayo kuphela abantu abayizinkulungwane eziyi-XNUMX abavunyelwe ukungena endaweni ababeyigunyazile. abafuduki abangamaJuda. Ephendula, amaZionists akhuphula isenzo sokufuduka. Ukuqala kweMpi Yezwe II akuzange kushintshe inqubomgomo ye-Foggy Albion. Lokhu kwaholela, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ezinhlekeleleni lapho imikhumbi i-Patria ne-Struma yadlala indima enkulu.

I-Patria yayingumkhumbi wabagibeli waseFrance oneminyaka engu-26 ubudala (owakhiwa ngo-1914, i-BRT engu-11, umugqa we-Fabre ovela eMarseille) lapho amaJuda angu-885 alayishwa khona, ngaphambili ayeboshwe emikhunjini emithathu esuka e-Romanian Atlantic, Pacific Ocean naseMilos, ephuma eTulcea. . AbaseBrithani babezobadingisela eMauritius. Ukuze ivimbele lokhu, iHagana, inhlangano yamaphekula yamaJuda, yacekela phansi umkhumbi, yawenza ungafaneleki ukusoleka. Nokho, umphumela waba ngaphezu kwalokho okwakulindelwe ngabadlali. Ngemva kokuqhuma kweziqhumane ezazishushumbiswa emkhunjini, uPatria wacwila ngoNovemba 1904, 25 emgwaqeni waseHaifa kanye nabantu abangu-1940 (amaJuda angu-269 namasosha angama-219 aseBrithani ayebagadile).

I-Struma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwakuyisikebhe saseBulgaria esinefulegi sasePanama esakhiwe ngo-1867 futhi ekuqaleni sasisetshenziselwa ukuthutha izinkomo. Yathengwa ngeminikelo evela kumalungu enhlangano ye-Betar Zionist, isekelwa iqembu labantu bakithi abacebile ababefuna ukusiza ngazo zonke izindleko ukushiya iRomania, eyayilokhu iphikisana namaJuda. Ngo-December 12, 1941, iStruma eyayigcwele ngokweqile, eyayinabantu abangaba ngu-800, yalibangisa e-Istanbul. Lapho, ngenxa yengcindezi evela kubaphathi baseBrithani, abagibeli bayo babengavunyelwe ukwehla kuphela, kodwa futhi bangene oLwandle iMedithera. Ngemva kwamasonto angu-10 okuqinile, abaseTurkey baphoqa umkhumbi ukuthi ubuyele oLwandle Olumnyama, futhi ngenxa yokuthi wawunenjini engalungile, wadonsa cishe amakhilomitha angu-15 ukusuka ogwini futhi washiywa. Kwakukhona abantu abangu-768, kuhlanganise nezingane ezingaphezu kwekhulu. Ngo-February 24, 1942, i-Sruma ekhukhulekayo yatholwa ngumkhumbi-ngwenya waseSoviet i-Shch-213. Naphezu kwesimo sezulu esihle, umkhuzi wawo, uCaptain S. mar. UDenezhko wahlukanisa umkhumbi njengengxenye yesitha futhi wawucwilisa nge-torpedo. Kubagibeli abangamaJuda, kwasinda oyedwa kuphela (washona ngo-2014).

Ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe kwaqina ngemva kokuphela kweMpi Yezwe II. Kwabe sekuthatha cishe umlingisi omkhulu. Isiphetho somkhumbi i-Exodus sesiyisithombe sakhe. Le yunithi yathengwa ngo-1945 e-USA. Nokho, kwaze kwaba sekuqaleni kuka-1947, idiplomacy British wakwazi ukubambezela uhambo oluya eYurophu. Lapho uFuduko ekugcineni lungena olwandle futhi ngemva kobunzima obuningi obuhlobene nokunqoba izithiyo ezihlukahlukene ezaphindaphindwa amaBrithani, wafinyelela emaphethelweni eHaifa nezifiki futhi wathunjwa yiRoyal Navy ngoJulayi 18.