Ingabe izimoto zikagesi zingashajwa ngokungenantambo?

Izivivinyo zokudluliswa kwamandla e-inductive zihlehlela emuva ku-1894.

Ngaphandle kohlobo lwenkaba, okubonakala kuwufanele ngokuphelele, izintambo nezintambo zivame ukuba yisicefe, kungaba ukuphithana, ukubola nokwenqaba ukusebenza kahle, noma kukunike ithuba lokukhubeka kokuthile. 

Ukusungulwa kweshaja yocingo engenazintambo kube yinto ethokozisayo kwabazonda amakhebula, futhi manje izimoto zikagesi - ezivame ukubizwa ngama-smartphone on wheels - zizohlomula kubuchwepheshe obufanayo obuvumela amafoni ukuthi ashaje ngaphandle kwentambo. 

Ukushaja okungenantambo kwezimoto zikagesi, okubuye kwaziwe ngokuthi "i-inductive charging", uhlelo olusebenzisa ukungeniswa kukazibuthe ukuze kudluliswe amandla angenantambo, kuyilapho imoto kufanele ibe eduze kwesiteshi sokushaja noma iphedi yokungenisa ukuze ithole inkokhiso kagesi. 

Izimoto zikagesi zivame ukushajwa ngekhebuli engathola ugesi oshintshashintshayo (AC) noma wamanje oqondile (DC). 

Ukushajwa kweleveli 1 kuvamise ukuthi kuphume endaweni yasendlini engu-2.4 kuya ku-3.7kW AC, okulingana namahora amahlanu kuya kwayi-16 ukushaja ibhethri ngokugcwele (ihora lokushaja lizokuhamba ibanga elingu-10-20 km). Ibanga lokuhamba). 

Ukushaja kwe-Level 2 kwenziwa ngekhaya elingu-7kW AC noma ishaja yomphakathi, okulingana namahora angu-2-5 ukushaja ibhethri ngokugcwele (ihora lokushaja lizothola u-30-45km). .

Ukushaja kweleveli 3 kwenziwa ngeshaja esheshayo ye-DC esiteshini sokushaja ibhethri se-EV esesidlangalaleni. Lokhu kunikeza amandla angaba ngu-11-22 kW, okulingana nemizuzu engu-20-60 ukushaja ibhethri ngokugcwele (ihora lokushaja lizokutholela u-250-300 km).

Ukushaja izimoto zikagesi kuvamise ukwenziwa ngekhebula.

I-Level 4 ishaja ngokushesha esiteshini sokushaja se-DC sezimoto zikagesi. Lokhu kunikeza amandla angaba ngu-120 kW, okuhambisana nemizuzu engu-20-40 ukushaja ibhethri ngokugcwele (ihora lokushaja lizokunika u-400-500 km wokushayela).

Ukushaja esidlangalaleni kuyatholakala futhi nokushaja okushesha kakhulu, lapho amandla angu-350 kW akwazi ukushaja ibhethri ngemizuzu engu-10-15 futhi inikeza ibanga elimangalisayo lika-1000 km ngehora. 

Zonke lezi zindlela ezingenhla zidinga ukuthi uxhume ikhebula lokushaja elikhulu kakhulu - elingalungele abantu abadala noma abantu abakhubazekile - okuzuzisa kakhulu ubuchwepheshe bokushaja okungenantambo ukuthi akudingekile nokuthi uphume emotweni yakho kagesi. 

Umlando wokushaja okungenantambo 

Ukuhlolwa kokudluliswa kwamandla okuguquguqukayo kuhlehlela emuva ku-1894, kodwa intuthuko yesimanje yaqala kuphela ngokwakhiwa kwe-Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) ngo-2008, futhi inani lezinye izinhlangano zokushaja okungenantambo selokhu zasungulwa. 

Izinhlelo zokusebenza zamanje

I-BMW 530e iPerformance plug-in hybrid sedan iyimodeli yokuqala enobuchwepheshe bokushaja okungenantambo.

Ukushaja okuguquguqukayo kwamandla aphezulu, okuhlanganisa ukushajwa okungenantambo kwamabhethri angaphezu kuka-1kW, kusetshenziselwa izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi, nakuba amazinga amandla angafinyelela ku-300kW noma ngaphezulu. 

Ngenkathi abakhiqizi bezimoto nabanye bebethuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bokushaja okungenantambo kwezimoto emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, ukukhishwa kwakho kokuqala okuphawulekayo kufike lapho abakwaBMW bethula uhlelo lokuhlola ukushaja okungenantambo eJalimane ngo-2018 (olunwebeka luye e-US ngo-2019) ngemoto yabo. I-530e Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) iwine umklomelo wonyaka wezi-2020 weGreen Automotive Technology of the Year kuma-giants. 

I-BMW inesamukeli (“CarPad”) ngaphansi kwemoto enamandla okushaja angu-3.2 kW.

Inkampani yaseBrithani i-Char.gy, esungule inethiwekhi yezindawo zokushaja zezibani zisebenzisa izintambo ezivamile kulo lonke elase-UK, okwamanje ihlola amashaja angenazintambo angu-10 afakwe ezindaweni zokupaka eBuckinghamshire, nokushajwa okungenantambo kwezimoto zikagesi okufinyelelwa ngokupaka imoto. ngaphezu kwephedi yokushaja ye-inductive. 

Okuwukuphela kwenkinga encane ukuthi azikho izimoto zanamuhla ezisebenza ngogesi ezinamashaja e-inductive adingekayo ukuze ushaje okungenantambo, okusho ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kuyadingeka ukuze usebenzise ubuchwepheshe. 

Lokhu kuzoshintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, yiqiniso: i-2022 Genesis GV60 izoba ne-hardware yokushaja okungenantambo, isibonelo, kodwa kuphela emakethe yaseKorea, okungenani okwamanje. IGenesis ithi ibhethri elingu-77.4 kWh SUV lingashajwa ngokugcwele ngamahora ayisithupha, kunamahora angu-10 ukusuka kushaja evamile yasodongeni. 

IGenesis GV60 ifakwe ihadiwe yokushaja okungenantambo.

Inkampani yaseMelika yokushaja i-WiTricity ingemuva kwehardware, futhi abashayeli beGenesis GV60 kuzodingeka bathenge iphedi lokushaja ukuze balibeke phansi egaraji labo ekhaya. 

Inkampani yaseMelika iPlugless Power izophinde yethule ishaja yemoto kagesi engenisa amandla ngo-2022 engadlulisa amandla ebangeni elingu-30 cm, into ewusizo ezimotweni ezinde njengamaSUV. Ukufaka ishaja emotweni kagesi nokufaka izinto zokushaja ekhaya kuzobiza u-$3,500. 

Ubuchwepheshe obujabulisa kakhulu obusathuthukiswayo, ukushaja okungenantambo okuphephile ngenkathi ushayela, okusho ukuthi akudingeki ukuthi umise imoto yakho kagesi ukuze uyishaje, ingasaphathwa eyokuphuma kuyo. 

Lokhu kufezwa ngokushumeka amashaja afaka inductive emgwaqeni imoto kagesi ehamba kuwo, ngobuchwepheshe bekusasa elidlulele obuhlolwayo njengamanje emazweni afana ne-US, Israel neNorway futhi kuzoba yisibusiso uma kufika isikhathi sokushayela uzimele.