I-MAZ 504 yesimanje

Ugandaganda we-MAZ 504 waguqulwa waba iloli le-Golden 500 series. Kuzwakala, mhlawumbe, ukudabukisa kakhulu "indoda endala", eyakhululwa ngo-1965. Kodwa-ke, kwakuyile moto eyaba impumelelo ekuxazululeni izixazululo zeMinsk Automobile Plant. Phakathi nomlando wayo, imodeli inezinguquko eziningi, futhi namuhla ukukhiqizwa okungezona kwe-serial sekuqediwe kudala.

История

Ngaleso sikhathi, iloli laliyintsha yangempela. Yonke imininingwane eshiwo ayikaze isetshenziswe ngaphambili. Bheka i-atypical cab ngokuphelele, efana namamodeli wamaloli enziwe eYurophu angaleyo minyaka.

Isisekelo esifushane kanye nenjini ye-diesel enamandla, kanye nesiteringi samandla kanye nezinqamuleli zokushaqeka, kusikisela ikhophi yabantu bangaphandle. Nokho, awekho amasondo.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi hhayi kuphela 504, kodwa futhi nezinye izinhlobo zogandaganda kulolu chungechunge ziye zadingeka kakhulu amashumi eminyaka ambalwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isitshalo sezimoto e-Minsk sasingenawo amandla okukhiqiza okukhiqiza zonke izingxenye ezibalulekile, njengezinjini zomlilo zangaphakathi kanye nokudluliselwa.

Abaklami besikhungo bathuthukise uchungechunge lwe-500 njengomugqa wendawo yonke ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke izicelo ezingase zibe khona. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ngaphezu kogandaganda, ububanzi buhlanganisa amaloli okulahla, amaloli angama-flatbed, amaloli ezinkuni kanye nezinye izinto ezikhethekile.

Imodeli 511 yathathelwa indawo MAZ 504 (lokhu iloli yokulahla 1962). Yayingathululwa ngezindlela ezimbili futhi ikwazi ukuthwala amathani angu-13, kodwa yayingafaneleki neze ukuthutha amabanga amade. Ngenxa yalokho, onjiniyela banquma ukuthuthukisa ugandaganda okwazi ukusebenza nama-trailer ngisho nama-semi-trailer. Umqondo uthole inombolo ye-serial 504.

Angeke kushiwo ukuthi abathuthukisi bakwazi ngokushesha ukukhulula imodeli ephumelelayo. Ngemva kwezilingo ezimbalwa ezingaphumeleli, kwadalwa i-MAZ 504 yokuqala enesisindo esingamathani angu-14,4. Nge-wheelbase engamamitha angu-3,4, i-axle yangemuva yayivunyelwe umthwalo ofinyelela kumathani ayi-10. Imodeli yokuqala ifakwe injini engu-6-cylinder YaMZ-236 enamandla angu-180 amahhashi.

Izici zesimodeli

Ugandaganda wawunesakhiwo sohlaka esine-suspension encikile enama-spring. Ngaleso sikhathi, ama-absorber amasha we-hydraulic telescopic shock afakwa ekumisweni okungaphambili.

Imfoloko ifakwa ngemuva ukuze idonswe uma uphuma. Ngenhla kwe-axle yangemuva kunesihlalo esigcwele esinamaphivothi amabili esinokhiya ozishintshayo. Imoto ibifakwe amathangi amabili kaphethiloli, ngalinye liqukethe amalitha angu-350 kadizili.

Izinjini

Kuwo wonke umlando wochungechunge lwama-500, idivayisi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ishintshiwe, ayizange ishintshe. Injini yedizili ye-YaMZ-236 yayinohlobo oluvaliwe lokupholisa amanzi kanye nesistimu ehlukile kaphethiloli.

Ikhishwe kamuva, ukuguqulwa 504 kwaphawulwa "B" ifakwe enamandla kakhulu injini YaMZ-238. Lena iyunithi yamandla edizili eyi-8-cylinder enamandla angu-240 amahhashi. Injini enamandla kakhulu ibe nomthelela ekwandeni kwamandla kagandaganda nge-trailer. Okubaluleke kakhulu, iloli lalihamba kakhulu emgwaqeni omkhulu, futhi liyakwazi nokuhamba amabanga amade.

Isikhungo samandla nokuqondisa

Zonke izinguquko bezifana ngoba zifakwe u-gearbox ongu-5-speed manual one-clutch eyomile enamadiski amabili. Ebhulohweni, elingemuva, ama-gearbox axhunywe kuma-hubs.

Amabhuleki ama-drum brakes ane-pneumatic drive, kanjalo ne-central parking brake. Emithambekeni noma emigwaqweni eshelelayo, ibhuleki lenjini lingasetshenziswa ukuvimba imbobo yokukhipha umoya.

Imoto isebenzisa isiteringi samandla. I-engeli yokujikeleza kwamasondo e-axle yangaphambili ingu-38 degrees.

UKhayini

Ngokumangalisayo, ngaphezu komshayeli, abagibeli ababili bangakwazi ukuhlaliswa ekamelweni, futhi kukhona nombhede owengeziwe. Ugandaganda awunayo i-hood, ngakho-ke injini itholakala ngaphansi kwe-cab. Tshekisa ikhebhu phambili ukuze ufinyelele injini.

Indlela ekhethekile ivikela ekwehleni okuzenzakalelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufakwe ukukhiya ukulungisa i-cab endaweni yokuthutha.

Ngendlela, le nqaba yabangela impikiswano enkulu phakathi konjiniyela. Abaningi babekholelwa ukuthi ngeke imelane nokushaywa njalo, futhi bazifaka engozini yokuyivula. Izinto zafinyelela ezingeni lokuthi unjiniyela omkhulu we-MAZ ezwe ukugxekwa okukhulu enkulumweni yakhe. Kodwa ukuhlola okwalandela kubonise ngokusobala ukuthi ukhiye uhlinzeka ngokulingana okuvikelekile ngisho nasezimeni eziphuthumayo.

Ukungabikho kwe-hood kuvunyelwe ukunciphisa isisindo seloli kanye nomthwalo ku-axle yangaphambili. Ngakho, umthamo womthwalo usuwonke ukhulisiwe.

Izihlalo zomshayeli nezabagibeli ziyakwazi ukushintshwa ngama-shock absorbers. I-heater enikwe amandla yisistimu yokupholisa evamile ifakiwe njengejwayelekile. Ukungena komoya kuphoqelekile (ifeni) kanye nemvelo (amafasitela namafasitela aseceleni ehlisiwe).

Ubukhulu nezici zobuchwepheshe eziyinhloko

• ubude 5m 63cm;
• ububanzi 2,6 m;
• ukuphakama 2,65 m;
• i-wheelbase 3,4m;
• imvume yomhlabathi 290mm;
• isisindo esiphezulu 24,37 amathani;
• isivinini esiphezulu nomthwalo ogcwele 85 km / h;
• ibhuleki ibanga ngesivinini 40 km / h 24 amamitha;
• ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli 32/100.

Ugandaganda omusha ube impumelelo futhi unezici ezinhle zobuchwepheshe. Wayekwazi ukuthwala izimpahla emabangeni aphakathi, kodwa izimo zokusebenza zazingezinhle neze. Uma siqhathanisa iloli elenziwe kwamanye amazwe, bekuyi-oda lobukhulu obulungele ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke.

Ukuguqulwa

Ngo-1970, umsebenzi wokuhlola waqedwa futhi kwaqala ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi benguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-504A. Ngokombono wokuklama kwangaphandle, ubusha bebungahlukaniswa ngokuma okuhlukile kwe-radiator grille. Iningi lezinguquko lithinte indawo yangaphakathi kanye nentuthuko engxenyeni yezobuchwepheshe:

• Okokuqala, lena injini engu-240-horsepower turbocharged engakwazi ukwandisa ukudonsa kuze kufike kumathani angu-20. I-wheelbase yehliswe ngo-20 centimeters. Iziphethu zandisiwe. Futhi indlela yeloli yaba bushelelezi futhi ibikezelwa;
• Okwesibili, ikhabethe linetafula lokudlela, izambulela. Kukhona namakhethini avala amafasitela. Isikhumba sathathelwa indawo esithambile (okungenani ukufakwa okuncane kuvele).

Ngisho naphezu kwezinguquko ezibonakala zibalulekile, i-MAZ 504A ayikwazanga ukuncintisana nama-saddlers angaphandle mayelana nekhwalithi nenduduzo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ogandaganda baseMinsk kamuva bashiywa bevuna izimoto zakwamanye amazwe.

Ngaphezu kokuguqulwa kwe-serial, kwakhiqizwa ezinye izinguqulo ezintathu:

• 508G (ugandaganda odonsa ngawo wonke amasondo);
• 515 (6×4 i-wheelbase ne-axle egoqayo);
• 520 (6×2 i-wheelbase ne-balanced bogie yangemuva).

Zonke lezi zinguquko zahlolwa, kodwa azifikanga ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi, ngaphandle kwenguqulo engu-508B, eyasetshenziswa ngempumelelo njengesithwali sezingodo ngenxa yokuba khona kwebhokisi legiya elinebhokisi lokudlulisa.

Ngo-1977, i-504 yabona izinguquko ezithile futhi. I-grille ye-radiator eyenziwe kabusha, umoya othuthukisiwe wegumbi lenjini, kwavela amabhuleki ajikeleza kabili, kwavela izinkomba ezintsha.

Imodeli yathola inombolo ye-serial 5429. Umlando we-MAZ 504 ekugcineni waphela ekuqaleni kwawo-90, kuyilapho i-MAZ 5429 ingasakhiqizwa ngisho nangamaqoqo amancane. Ngokusemthethweni, ugandaganda wayeka ukuphuma entanjeni ngo-1982.

I-MAZ-504 namuhla

Namuhla cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthola ugandaganda wochungechunge lwama-500 usesimweni esihle. Zonke zisendaweni yokulahla udoti noma ngemva kokulungiswa kabusha okukhulu. Ngeke uthole iloli ngesimo salo sokuqala.

Njengomthetho, ithimba lasebenza insiza yalo, ngemva kwalokho yasuswa futhi yafakwa entsha efektri. Uma kuqhathaniswa, ungathola onobuhle kamuva ezifana MAZ 5429 futhi MAZ 5432.