Ukusebenza emoyeni kwamazwe ngamazwe ngokumelene ne-Islamic State
Ukusebenza emoyeni kwamazwe ngamazwe ngokumelene ne-Islamic State
NgoDisemba 19, 2018, uMongameli waseMelika uDonald Trump kungazelelwe umemezele ukuhoxiswa kwamasosha ase-US enyakatho-mpumalanga yeSyria. UMongameli wakulungisisa lokhu ngokuthi lowo owayezibiza nge-Caliphate eSyria wehluliwe. Ngakho-ke, ukubamba iqhaza kwesikhathi eside kombutho womoya wobumbano empini yokulwa ne-Islamic State eSyria kuzophela (nakuba kusaqhubeka).
Ukungenelela kwamazwe ngamazwe ngokumelene ne-Islamic State e-Iraq naseSyria (ISIS) eholwa yi-United States kugunyazwe nguMongameli wase-United States u-Barack Obama ngo-Agasti 7, 2014. Ngokuyinhloko kwakuwukusebenza kwezindiza, i-Air Force yezwe kanye nomfelandawonye wamazwe ngamazwe ahlomile, okuhlanganisa i-NATO kanye namazwe ama-Arab ngokumelene nontamolukhuni be-ISIS. Ukusebenza ngokumelene "nombuso wamaSulumane" e-Iraq naseSyria kwaziwa kabanzi ngaphansi kwegama lekhodi yaseMelika i-Operation Inherent Resolve (OIR), futhi uphiko lwezempi lukazwelonke lwalunegama lazo lekhodi (Okra, Shader, Chammal, njll.). Ithimba elihlanganyelwe, obekufanele lisekele ukulwa kwamazwe ngamazwe ngokumelene ne-ISIS, lalibizwa ngeJoint Joint Task Force - Operation Inherent Resolve (CJTF-OIR).
Ukusebenza kwezindiza zase-US e-Iraq kwaqala ngo-Agasti 8, 2014. NgoSepthemba 10, uMongameli waseMelika uBarack Obama wamemezela isu lokulwa ne-ISIS, elihlanganisa ukwandisa ukuhlasela kwezindiza ngokumelene ne-ISIS endaweni yaseSyria. Kwenzeka ngo-September 23, 2014. I-United States ekuqhumeni kwamabhomu eSyria yajoyina amazwe ase-Arab, ikakhulukazi i-UK evela emazweni e-NATO. Ukuzulazula nokuhlubuka eSyria kube yingxenye encane kakhulu yemizamo yomoya womfelandawonye eMpumalanga Ephakathi uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Iraq, lapho umfelandawonye uthole ukuba semthethweni okuphelele kwezomthetho nezepolitiki ngezenzo zawo. Amazwe amaningi akubeke kwacaca ukuthi umsebenzi uzoqondiswa kuphela ku-ISIS e-Iraq hhayi eSyria. Ngisho noma imisebenzi kamuva yanwetshwa empumalanga yeSyria, ukubamba iqhaza kwezingxabano ezinjengeBelgian, Dutch and German kwakungokomfanekiso.
Ukusebenza Kwemvume
Ekuqaleni, ukusebenza ngokumelene ne-ISIS e-Iraq naseSyria kwakungenayo igama lekhodi, elagxekwa. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kwaqanjwa ngokuthi "I-Inner Resolve". I-United States isibe umholi womfelandawonye womhlaba wonke, okuholele ekusebenzeni kuyo yonke imikhakha - emoyeni, emhlabathini, kwezokuthutha, njll. I-United States ibuke indawo ehlalwa yi-ISIS empumalanga yeSyria njengenkundla yempi elingana ne-Iraq. Lokhu bekusho ukuthi indawo yezindiza yaseSyria yephulwa ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa ngenxa yesimo sayo esibucayi kuhulumeni waseDamaseku kanye nokweseka kwayo abaphikisayo abamelene nohulumeni.
Ngokusemthethweni, kusukela ngo-Agasti 9, 2017, umfelandawonye wenze iziteleka ze-24 ngokumelene nezikhundla zamasosha amaSulumane, kuhlanganise ne-566 e-Iraq kanye ne-13 eSiriya. Izinombolo zikhombisa ukuthi umfelandawonye - ezenzweni zase-US - uhlasele izindawo ezihlosiwe empumalanga yeSyria ngaphandle kokuzithiba. Imizamo emikhulu bekuhloswe ngayo ukucekela phansi ingqalasizinda, okuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kukawoyela nokuhamba, kanye nokusekelwa emoyeni kweSyrian Democratic Forces (SDF), umfelandawonye wemvelo womfelandawonye omelene ne-ISIS eSyria. Muva nje, ngokushabalala kwezingxabano e-Iraq, umthwalo wempi yezindiza usushintshele empumalanga yeSyria. Isibonelo, engxenyeni yesibili kaDisemba 331 (Disemba 11-235), amabutho e-CJTF-OIR enze iziteleka ezingu-2018 ngokumelene nezinhloso eSyria kanye neziteleka ezingu-16 kuphela ngokumelene nezinhloso e-Iraq.
Abantu baseMelika basebenzisa izisekelo eziningi eMpumalanga Ephakathi, kuhlanganise ne-Al Dhafra e-United Arab Emirates, lapho ama-F-22 ayezinze khona, noma i-Al Udeida eQatar, lapho kwakusebenza khona ama-B-52. Ikamu elikhulu lokuqeqesha, kuhl. Ama-A-10s, ama-F-16 nama-F-15E nawo abekwe e-Incirlik, eTurkey. Mayelana namandla nezinsiza, i-United States ithumele lonke iqoqo layo lezikhali zezindiza ku-OIR, okuhlanganisa naphesheya kweSyria, kusukela emicibisholo eqondiswayo namabhomu kuya emicibisholo ecitshwayo, okuhlanganisa ne-AGM-158B JASSM-ER yakamuva enezici ezingatholakali. Impi yabo yokuqala yenzeke ngo-Ephreli 14, 2018 ngesikhathi kuhlaselwa izikhungo zezikhali zamakhemikhali zaseSyria. Amabhomu amabili e-B-19 adubule imicibisholo engu-158 AGM-1B JASSM-ER - ngokwesitatimende esisemthethweni, wonke kwakufanele ashaye izikhali zawo.
Izindiza zokulwa nezingaziwa ezingenamuntu (MQ-1B, MQ-1C, MQ-9A), izindiza ezinezinhloso eziningi (F-15E, F-16, F / A-18), indiza yokuhlasela (A-10), ibhomu lamasu ( B-52, B-1) nezokuthutha, ukufaka amafutha emoyeni, ukugada, njll.
Izibalo ezithakazelisayo zikhishwe ngoJanuwari 2015 ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa ze-OIR. Ngaleso sikhathi, iziteleka eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-16, ngamaphesenti angama-60. yawela ezindizeni ze-US Air Force, futhi amaphesenti angu-40. endizeni ye-US Navy kanye namanye amalungu omfelandawonye. Ukusatshalaliswa kwephesenti lokuhlasela kube kanje: F-16 - 41, F-15E - 37, A-10 - 11, B-1 - 8 kanye ne-F-22 - 3.
