Ngaphansi komhlaba
Ngaphansi komhlaba
Umzila wokuqala ongaphansi komhlaba wavulwa eLondon ngoJanuwari 10, 1863. Yayakhiwe ekujuleni okungashoni emgodini ovulekile. Ixhume umgwaqo iBishops Road (Paddington) kanye neFarringdon kanti ubude bayo buyi-6 km. ILondon Underground yakhula ngokushesha futhi kwanezelwa imigqa eyengeziwe. Ngo-1890 kwavulwa umzila kagesi wokuqala emhlabeni, owawusetshenziswa iDolobha neSouth London Railway, kodwa emigqeni eminingi kwaze kwaba u-1905 izinqola zazidonswa izitimela ezinezitimela, okwakudinga ukuba kusetshenziswe izigayo zomoya nemiphini ukuze kungene umoya emhubheni.
Njengamanje cishe kunezinhlelo ze-metro ezingu-140 ezisebenzayo emhlabeni jikelele. Nokho, akuzona kuphela izindawo ezinkulu zamadolobha anquma ukwakha umzila ongaphansi komhlaba. Idolobha elincane lapho kwakhiwe khona umzila ongaphansi komhlaba yiSerfaus e-Austria enabantu abangu-1200. Idolobhana lisendaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angu-1429 ngaphezu kolwandle, emzaneni kukhona umugqa omncane we-minimeter oneziteshi ezine, ezisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuthutha abashushuluza besuka endaweni yokupaka etholakala ekungeneni kwedolobhana, ngaphansi komthambeka. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ukugibela kumahhala.
