I-Melitopol - umkhumbi wokuqala ovela ku-slipway

I-Melitopol, umkhumbi wokuqala wezimpahla owomile kanye nesikebhe sokuqala sasePoland.

Isithombe “Sea” 9/1953

I-Melitopol - isikebhe sokuqala sasolwandle esivela eStochni im. I-Paris Commune eGdynia. Yakhiwe futhi yethulwa kusetshenziswa indlela entsha - eduze kwerempu eseceleni. Umkhumbi wahamba ubheke eceleni ubheke echibini, okwaba nomuzwa omkhulu kanye nesenzakalo esakhiweni sethu semikhumbi.

Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-50s, akekho ePoland owayeke wezwa ngerempu eseceleni. Imikhumbi yakhiwa futhi yethulwa ezindleleni eziwela amade noma ezikhumulweni zemikhumbi ezintantayo. Izinto ezincane zazidluliselwa emanzini kusetshenziswa ama-cranes.

Kusukela ekuqaleni kokuba khona kwayo, i-Gdynia Shipyard ibilungisa imikhumbi ehlukahlukene futhi ibuyisela imikhumbi ecwile. Ngakho, ithole ulwazi olwanele ukuze ikwazi ukuqala ukukhiqiza amayunithi amasha. Lokhu kwenziwe lula ukukhula kwesidingo semikhiqizo yayo kwezokuthutha nokudoba.

Ukusayinwa kwenkontileka nomakhelwane wethu osempumalanga yokwakha uchungechunge olukhulu lwemikhumbi kwashintsha ukucabanga kwangaphambilini. Kwakudingekile ukuhlinzeka indawo yomkhumbi ngemishini yokukhiqiza amayunithi amasha futhi ivumelanise nezindawo zokukhiqiza ezikhona zale njongo. Ukwakhiwa kwemishini ye-berth ene-steam, amanzi, i-pneumatic, i-acetylene kanye nokufakwa kukagesi sekuqalile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-cranes afanelekile afakwe kuwo. Ithrekhi yakudala ibekwe ku-attic ye-hull, futhi yonke indawo yokusebenzela ifakwe ama-cranes angaphezulu, amarola okuqondisayo nokugoba kanye nemishini yokushisela. Ehholo elikhulu, kwakhiwa amatheku amathathu eshabhu yokukhiqiza izingxenye zemikhumbi.

Ngemva kokucabangisisa nokuxoxisana, kuphinde kwanqunywa ukuthi kukhethwe omunye wemiqondo emibili: ukwakha irempu eyilongitudinal endaweni esenyakatho nesakhiwo seshabhu noma izisekelo ukuze kuvalwe idokodo elintantayo. Nokho, bobabili babenezinkinga ezivamile. Esokuqala kwakuwukuthi izinto eziphuma ezinqolobaneni ukuze zicutshungulwe zazizothuthwa ngamasango afanayo asetshenziselwa ukuthutha izingxenye zemikhumbi eseziphelile. Ububi besibili kwaba yisikhathi eside esisithathile ukwenza umsebenzi wokusebenzisa amanzi ezindaweni zokwakha, okuhlanganisa izindawo zasendle nezingathuthukisiwe.

Unjiniyela u-Alexander Rylke: Kulesi simo esinzima, unjiniyela. Kamensky waphendukela kimi. Angizange ngikhulume naye njengoprofesa, njengoba ngiphethe umnyango wokwakhiwa kwemikhumbi, hhayi ubuchwepheshe bokwakhiwa kwawo, kodwa njengozakwethu omkhulu nomngane. Sekuyiminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-35 sazana. Sathweswa iziqu eyunivesithi efanayo eKronstadt futhi sazana kangcono ngo-1913, lapho mina, ngemva kweminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-5 yomsebenzi wochwepheshe, ngiqala ukusebenza eBaltic Plant eSt. Kamuva sahlangana ePoland, wasebenza e-Naval Workshops e-Oxywier, mina ngangisesikhundleni sokuphatha imikhumbi eWarsaw, lapho ngangivame ukuza khona eGdynia ngomsebenzi. Manje ungimemele ku-“Thirteen” [kusukela ngaleso sikhathi igama elithi SRZ No. 13 - cishe. ed.] ukwethula kimi wonke umbuzo onzima. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wanikina ikhala ngokucijile ngeziphakamiso ezenziwa endaweni yomkhumbi.

Ngibuyekeze isimo ngokuningiliziwe.

“Hhayi-ke,” ngathi ngenxa yalokhu, “qalaza.” - Indaba icacile.

- Yikuphi? - Wabuza. - Irempu? Udokotela?

- Akekho omunye noma omunye.

- Yini futhi?

- Ukwethulwa okuseceleni kuphela. Futhi lokhu yilapho "ugxuma".

Ngamchazela kahle ukuthi ngikucabanga kanjani konke lokhu. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-35 yokunakekela nokuvuthisa “inzalo” yami, ekugcineni ngabona inhlabathi eyayingathela futhi okufanele ithele kuyo.