Amafutha ezimoto zezemidlalo
Ziyanda izimoto ezinamandla enjini ephezulu zivela emigwaqweni yasePoland. Ukwakhiwa kwezinjini zezimoto zezemidlalo kuhlukaniswa nokunemba komsebenzi kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yezinto ezisebenzisanayo. Umphumela uba ukukhula kanye nezidingo ezikhethekile kakhulu zamafutha enjini.
Izidingo zokugcoba ziyahlukahluka ngokuklama kwenjini. Ezinjinini ezinejubane eliphezulu kakhulu, njengalezo ezisetshenziswa ezimotweni zeFormula One, amafutha ane-viscosity engu -1W-5 (yithi: 
khipha 5W-10) enenkomba ye-HTHS ephansi kakhulu (i-viscosity yokushisa ephezulu). Amafutha alolu hlobo adinga amaphampu asebenza kahle kakhulu, izifakelo eziqinile zenjini, kanye nezingcindezi zesistimu yokugcoba ephezulu kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ziqinisekisa ukumelana okuphansi kwangaphakathi kwenjini futhi zisiza ukuthola amandla aphezulu angenzeka.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amafutha e-viscosity aphezulu kakhulu njenge-10W-60 noma ngaphezulu enza kangcono kakhulu emiklamweni eminingi. Lezi zinhlobo zikawoyela azinazo izinto zokonga amandla, kodwa zikuvumela ukuthi unxephezele umehluko ekulinganeni kwenjini. I-viscosity ephezulu yamafutha ivumela lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukufakwa uphawu kwezingxenye zenjini ezingaphansi kokucindezeleka okushisayo futhi zibe nokulingana okuxekethile, kanye nalapho umthwalo uphezulu kakhulu futhi ukuguqulwa kokulingana kubalulekile. Isibonelo se-elementi engaphansi kwemithwalo ephezulu kakhulu i-piston, okuthi, uma ifudumala, ikhulise ubukhulu bayo, iyenze iqine kakhulu ku-cylinder liner.
Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-viscosity ephansi namafutha we-viscosity aphezulu nakho kuncike enjongweni yenjini. Amafutha ane-viscosity ephansi ngokuvamile akhethelwa injini, eklanyelwe isisetshenziswa esifushane futhi okubaluleke kakhulu kumshayeli amandla ayo ukuze kuncishiswe ukumelana kweyunithi yamandla. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungenzeka ukuthola amahhashi ambalwa. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha ane-viscosity kawoyela ephansi kakhulu kuhlanganisa izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphakeme kakhulu zezingxenye zenjini. Izinjini ezigcotshwe ngalawa mafutha zinembe kakhulu futhi izinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zikhethwe ngokucophelela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-viscosity kawoyela ephansi isho impilo emfushane yesakhiwo sonke senjini. Emidlalweni efana neFormula 1 
lokhu kwamukelekile impela, futhi yibo lobu buchwepheshe obuhamba phambili ezinjinini zezimoto zemidlalo zanamuhla.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhetha uwoyela we-viscosity ophakeme kakhulu kunezinzuzo eziningi mayelana nokunxeshezelwa kokufika kwenjini okuhlukahlukene. Ziphinde zimelane nezinguquko ezinkulu ekushiseni okusebenzayo. Amafutha anezici zesimanje zokusebenza, isibonelo, i-viscosity engu-10W-60, ikuvumela ukuba uqale injini ngisho namazinga okushisa angaphansi -30ºC, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho -40ºC. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-viscosity ephezulu ayikuvumeli ukudabula ungqimba oluvikelayo lwefilimu kawoyela lapho kugcotshwa izingxenye ezilayishwe ngokushisa kakhulu, njengamapiston noma izingxenye ze-turbocharger. Ukuzinza kwe-thermal kunikeza izinga eliphezulu lokuvikela phakathi nempilo ende yesevisi.
Ikhwalithi yamafutha
Izakhiwo zokuzivikela zamafutha azihlobene kuphela ne-viscosity yamafutha. Ipharamitha ebalulekile yikhwalithi yamafutha, encike kakhulu kumafutha ayisisekelo kanye nephakheji elengeziwe. Amafutha enjini yesimanje, njenge-Castrol EDGE 10W-60, enza kahle ekusebenzeni kwesikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ngaphansi kwemithwalo esindayo nangesivinini esiphezulu. Amafutha asetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni zezemidlalo ama-esters. Ziyizisekelo zokwenziwa. Anamapharamitha aphezulu kunamafutha okwenziwa avamile (okusekelwe ku-PAO). Ngenxa yalezi zisekelo, izakhiwo zamafutha zisezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu, futhi iphakheji elengeziwe likuvumela ukuba ufeze izakhiwo ezifanele zokuzivikela nokuhlanza, kanye nokuzinza ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezingavamile. Ukuzinza okunjalo okungavamile, isibonelo, ukuguquguquka okuphansi kwamafutha, ngenxa yokuthi, ngisho namazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu okusebenza, amafutha awashintshi izici zawo zomzimba namakhemikhali. Ukumelana nokugunda okuphezulu kuthuthukisa ukuvikeleka kokuguga, kuyilapho ukususwa ngokushesha nangempumelelo kwemikhiqizo evuthayo kanye nophethiloli ongashisiwe kugcina idrayivu ihlanzekile.
